Add thp migration's core code, including conversions between a PMD entry
and a swap entry, setting PMD migration entry, removing PMD migration
entry, and waiting on PMD migration entries.
This patch makes it possible to support thp migration. If you fail to
allocate a destination page as a thp, you just split the source thp as
we do now, and then enter the normal page migration. If you succeed to
allocate destination thp, you enter thp migration. Subsequent patches
actually enable thp migration for each caller of page migration by
allowing its get_new_page() callback to allocate thps.
[zi.yan@cs.rutgers.edu: fix gcc-4.9.0 -Wmissing-braces warning]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/A0ABA698-7486-46C3-B209-E95A9048B22C@cs.rutgers.edu
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix x86_64 allnoconfig warning]
Signed-off-by: Zi Yan <zi.yan@cs.rutgers.edu>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Anshuman Khandual <khandual@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: David Nellans <dnellans@nvidia.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
TTU_MIGRATION is used to convert pte into migration entry until thp
split completes. This behavior conflicts with thp migration added later
patches, so let's introduce a new TTU flag specifically for freezing.
try_to_unmap() is used both for thp split (via freeze_page()) and page
migration (via __unmap_and_move()). In freeze_page(), ttu_flag given
for head page is like below (assuming anonymous thp):
(TTU_IGNORE_MLOCK | TTU_IGNORE_ACCESS | TTU_RMAP_LOCKED | \
TTU_MIGRATION | TTU_SPLIT_HUGE_PMD)
and ttu_flag given for tail pages is:
(TTU_IGNORE_MLOCK | TTU_IGNORE_ACCESS | TTU_RMAP_LOCKED | \
TTU_MIGRATION)
__unmap_and_move() calls try_to_unmap() with ttu_flag:
(TTU_MIGRATION | TTU_IGNORE_MLOCK | TTU_IGNORE_ACCESS)
Now I'm trying to insert a branch for thp migration at the top of
try_to_unmap_one() like below
static int try_to_unmap_one(struct page *page, struct vm_area_struct *vma,
unsigned long address, void *arg)
{
...
/* PMD-mapped THP migration entry */
if (!pvmw.pte && (flags & TTU_MIGRATION)) {
if (!PageAnon(page))
continue;
set_pmd_migration_entry(&pvmw, page);
continue;
}
...
}
so try_to_unmap() for tail pages called by thp split can go into thp
migration code path (which converts *pmd* into migration entry), while
the expectation is to freeze thp (which converts *pte* into migration
entry.)
I detected this failure as a "bad page state" error in a testcase where
split_huge_page() is called from queue_pages_pte_range().
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170717193955.20207-4-zi.yan@sent.com
Signed-off-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Signed-off-by: Zi Yan <zi.yan@cs.rutgers.edu>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Anshuman Khandual <khandual@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: David Nellans <dnellans@nvidia.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Huge page helps to reduce TLB miss rate, but it has higher cache
footprint, sometimes this may cause some issue. For example, when
clearing huge page on x86_64 platform, the cache footprint is 2M. But
on a Xeon E5 v3 2699 CPU, there are 18 cores, 36 threads, and only 45M
LLC (last level cache). That is, in average, there are 2.5M LLC for
each core and 1.25M LLC for each thread.
If the cache pressure is heavy when clearing the huge page, and we clear
the huge page from the begin to the end, it is possible that the begin
of huge page is evicted from the cache after we finishing clearing the
end of the huge page. And it is possible for the application to access
the begin of the huge page after clearing the huge page.
To help the above situation, in this patch, when we clear a huge page,
the order to clear sub-pages is changed. In quite some situation, we
can get the address that the application will access after we clear the
huge page, for example, in a page fault handler. Instead of clearing
the huge page from begin to end, we will clear the sub-pages farthest
from the the sub-page to access firstly, and clear the sub-page to
access last. This will make the sub-page to access most cache-hot and
sub-pages around it more cache-hot too. If we cannot know the address
the application will access, the begin of the huge page is assumed to be
the the address the application will access.
With this patch, the throughput increases ~28.3% in vm-scalability
anon-w-seq test case with 72 processes on a 2 socket Xeon E5 v3 2699
system (36 cores, 72 threads). The test case creates 72 processes, each
process mmap a big anonymous memory area and writes to it from the begin
to the end. For each process, other processes could be seen as other
workload which generates heavy cache pressure. At the same time, the
cache miss rate reduced from ~33.4% to ~31.7%, the IPC (instruction per
cycle) increased from 0.56 to 0.74, and the time spent in user space is
reduced ~7.9%
Christopher Lameter suggests to clear bytes inside a sub-page from end
to begin too. But tests show no visible performance difference in the
tests. May because the size of page is small compared with the cache
size.
Thanks Andi Kleen to propose to use address to access to determine the
order of sub-pages to clear.
The hugetlbfs access address could be improved, will do that in another
patch.
[ying.huang@intel.com: improve readability of clear_huge_page()]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170830051842.1397-1-ying.huang@intel.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170815014618.15842-1-ying.huang@intel.com
Suggested-by: Andi Kleen <andi.kleen@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com>
Acked-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Nadia Yvette Chambers <nyc@holomorphy.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Shaohua Li <shli@fb.com>
Cc: Christopher Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
After adding swapping out support for THP (Transparent Huge Page), it is
possible that a THP in swap cache (partly swapped out) need to be split.
To split such a THP, the swap cluster backing the THP need to be split
too, that is, the CLUSTER_FLAG_HUGE flag need to be cleared for the swap
cluster. The patch implemented this.
And because the THP swap writing needs the THP keeps as huge page during
writing. The PageWriteback flag is checked before splitting.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170724051840.2309-8-ying.huang@intel.com
Signed-off-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Shaohua Li <shli@kernel.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: "Kirill A . Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@intel.com> [for brd.c, zram_drv.c, pmem.c]
Cc: Vishal L Verma <vishal.l.verma@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
After supporting to delay THP (Transparent Huge Page) splitting after
swapped out, it is possible that some page table mappings of the THP are
turned into swap entries. So reuse_swap_page() need to check the swap
count in addition to the map count as before. This patch done that.
In the huge PMD write protect fault handler, in addition to the page map
count, the swap count need to be checked too, so the page lock need to
be acquired too when calling reuse_swap_page() in addition to the page
table lock.
[ying.huang@intel.com: silence a compiler warning]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/87bmnzizjy.fsf@yhuang-dev.intel.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170724051840.2309-4-ying.huang@intel.com
Signed-off-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Shaohua Li <shli@kernel.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: "Kirill A . Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@intel.com> [for brd.c, zram_drv.c, pmem.c]
Cc: Vishal L Verma <vishal.l.verma@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
attribute_group are not supposed to change at runtime. All functions
working with attribute_group provided by <linux/sysfs.h> work with const
attribute_group. So mark the non-const structs as const.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1501157240-3876-1-git-send-email-arvind.yadav.cs@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Arvind Yadav <arvind.yadav.cs@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Wenwei Tao has noticed that our current assumption that the oom victim
is dying and never doing any visible changes after it dies, and so the
oom_reaper can tear it down, is not entirely true.
__task_will_free_mem consider a task dying when SIGNAL_GROUP_EXIT is set
but do_group_exit sends SIGKILL to all threads _after_ the flag is set.
So there is a race window when some threads won't have
fatal_signal_pending while the oom_reaper could start unmapping the
address space. Moreover some paths might not check for fatal signals
before each PF/g-u-p/copy_from_user.
We already have a protection for oom_reaper vs. PF races by checking
MMF_UNSTABLE. This has been, however, checked only for kernel threads
(use_mm users) which can outlive the oom victim. A simple fix would be
to extend the current check in handle_mm_fault for all tasks but that
wouldn't be sufficient because the current check assumes that a kernel
thread would bail out after EFAULT from get_user*/copy_from_user and
never re-read the same address which would succeed because the PF path
has established page tables already. This seems to be the case for the
only existing use_mm user currently (virtio driver) but it is rather
fragile in general.
This is even more fragile in general for more complex paths such as
generic_perform_write which can re-read the same address more times
(e.g. iov_iter_copy_from_user_atomic to fail and then
iov_iter_fault_in_readable on retry).
Therefore we have to implement MMF_UNSTABLE protection in a robust way
and never make a potentially corrupted content visible. That requires
to hook deeper into the PF path and check for the flag _every time_
before a pte for anonymous memory is established (that means all
!VM_SHARED mappings).
The corruption can be triggered artificially
(http://lkml.kernel.org/r/201708040646.v746kkhC024636@www262.sakura.ne.jp)
but there doesn't seem to be any real life bug report. The race window
should be quite tight to trigger most of the time.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170807113839.16695-3-mhocko@kernel.org
Fixes: aac4536355 ("mm, oom: introduce oom reaper")
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Reported-by: Wenwei Tao <wenwei.tww@alibaba-inc.com>
Tested-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Andrea Argangeli <andrea@kernel.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@i-love.sakura.ne.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Merge commit:
040cca3ab2 ("Merge branch 'linus' into locking/core, to resolve conflicts")
overlooked the fact that do_huge_pmd_numa_page() now does two TLB
flushes. Commit:
8b1b436dd1 ("mm, locking: Rework {set,clear,mm}_tlb_flush_pending()")
and commit:
a9b802500e ("Revert "mm: numa: defer TLB flush for THP migration as long as possible"")
Both moved the TLB flush around but slightly different, the end result
being that what was one became two.
Clean this up.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Conflicts:
include/linux/mm_types.h
mm/huge_memory.c
I removed the smp_mb__before_spinlock() like the following commit does:
8b1b436dd1 ("mm, locking: Rework {set,clear,mm}_tlb_flush_pending()")
and fixed up the affected commits.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
While deferring TLB flushes is a good practice, the reverted patch
caused pending TLB flushes to be checked while the page-table lock is
not taken. As a result, in architectures with weak memory model (PPC),
Linux may miss a memory-barrier, miss the fact TLB flushes are pending,
and cause (in theory) a memory corruption.
Since the alternative of using smp_mb__after_unlock_lock() was
considered a bit open-coded, and the performance impact is expected to
be small, the previous patch is reverted.
This reverts b0943d61b8 ("mm: numa: defer TLB flush for THP migration
as long as possible").
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170802000818.4760-4-namit@vmware.com
Signed-off-by: Nadav Amit <namit@vmware.com>
Suggested-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Jeff Dike <jdike@addtoit.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Nadav Amit <nadav.amit@gmail.com>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit:
af2c1401e6 ("mm: numa: guarantee that tlb_flush_pending updates are visible before page table updates")
added smp_mb__before_spinlock() to set_tlb_flush_pending(). I think we
can solve the same problem without this barrier.
If instead we mandate that mm_tlb_flush_pending() is used while
holding the PTL we're guaranteed to observe prior
set_tlb_flush_pending() instances.
For this to work we need to rework migrate_misplaced_transhuge_page()
a little and move the test up into do_huge_pmd_numa_page().
NOTE: this relies on flush_tlb_range() to guarantee:
(1) it ensures that prior page table updates are visible to the
page table walker and
(2) it ensures that subsequent memory accesses are only made
visible after the invalidation has completed
This is required for architectures that implement TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
(arc, arm, arm64, mips, powerpc, s390, sparc, x86) or otherwise use
mm_tlb_flush_pending() in their page-table operations (arm, arm64,
x86).
This appears true for:
- arm (DSB ISB before and after),
- arm64 (DSB ISHST before, and DSB ISH after),
- powerpc (PTESYNC before and after),
- s390 and x86 TLB invalidate are serializing instructions
But I failed to understand the situation for:
- arc, mips, sparc
Now SPARC64 is a wee bit special in that flush_tlb_range() is a no-op
and it flushes the TLBs using arch_{enter,leave}_lazy_mmu_mode()
inside the PTL. It still needs to guarantee the PTL unlock happens
_after_ the invalidate completes.
Vineet, Ralf and Dave could you guys please have a look?
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Acked-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
To swap out THP (Transparent Huage Page), before splitting the THP, the
swap cluster will be allocated and the THP will be added into the swap
cache. But it is possible that the THP cannot be split, so that we must
delete the THP from the swap cache and free the swap cluster. To avoid
that, in this patch, whether the THP can be split is checked firstly.
The check can only be done racy, but it is good enough for most cases.
With the patch, the swap out throughput improves 3.6% (from about
4.16GB/s to about 4.31GB/s) in the vm-scalability swap-w-seq test case
with 8 processes. The test is done on a Xeon E5 v3 system. The swap
device used is a RAM simulated PMEM (persistent memory) device. To test
the sequential swapping out, the test case creates 8 processes, which
sequentially allocate and write to the anonymous pages until the RAM and
part of the swap device is used up.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170515112522.32457-5-ying.huang@intel.com
Signed-off-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> [for can_split_huge_page()]
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Ebru Akagunduz <ebru.akagunduz@gmail.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Shaohua Li <shli@kernel.org>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Patch series "THP swap: Delay splitting THP during swapping out", v11.
This patchset is to optimize the performance of Transparent Huge Page
(THP) swap.
Recently, the performance of the storage devices improved so fast that
we cannot saturate the disk bandwidth with single logical CPU when do
page swap out even on a high-end server machine. Because the
performance of the storage device improved faster than that of single
logical CPU. And it seems that the trend will not change in the near
future. On the other hand, the THP becomes more and more popular
because of increased memory size. So it becomes necessary to optimize
THP swap performance.
The advantages of the THP swap support include:
- Batch the swap operations for the THP to reduce lock
acquiring/releasing, including allocating/freeing the swap space,
adding/deleting to/from the swap cache, and writing/reading the swap
space, etc. This will help improve the performance of the THP swap.
- The THP swap space read/write will be 2M sequential IO. It is
particularly helpful for the swap read, which are usually 4k random
IO. This will improve the performance of the THP swap too.
- It will help the memory fragmentation, especially when the THP is
heavily used by the applications. The 2M continuous pages will be
free up after THP swapping out.
- It will improve the THP utilization on the system with the swap
turned on. Because the speed for khugepaged to collapse the normal
pages into the THP is quite slow. After the THP is split during the
swapping out, it will take quite long time for the normal pages to
collapse back into the THP after being swapped in. The high THP
utilization helps the efficiency of the page based memory management
too.
There are some concerns regarding THP swap in, mainly because possible
enlarged read/write IO size (for swap in/out) may put more overhead on
the storage device. To deal with that, the THP swap in should be turned
on only when necessary. For example, it can be selected via
"always/never/madvise" logic, to be turned on globally, turned off
globally, or turned on only for VMA with MADV_HUGEPAGE, etc.
This patchset is the first step for the THP swap support. The plan is
to delay splitting THP step by step, finally avoid splitting THP during
the THP swapping out and swap out/in the THP as a whole.
As the first step, in this patchset, the splitting huge page is delayed
from almost the first step of swapping out to after allocating the swap
space for the THP and adding the THP into the swap cache. This will
reduce lock acquiring/releasing for the locks used for the swap cache
management.
With the patchset, the swap out throughput improves 15.5% (from about
3.73GB/s to about 4.31GB/s) in the vm-scalability swap-w-seq test case
with 8 processes. The test is done on a Xeon E5 v3 system. The swap
device used is a RAM simulated PMEM (persistent memory) device. To test
the sequential swapping out, the test case creates 8 processes, which
sequentially allocate and write to the anonymous pages until the RAM and
part of the swap device is used up.
This patch (of 5):
In this patch, splitting huge page is delayed from almost the first step
of swapping out to after allocating the swap space for the THP
(Transparent Huge Page) and adding the THP into the swap cache. This
will batch the corresponding operation, thus improve THP swap out
throughput.
This is the first step for the THP swap optimization. The plan is to
delay splitting the THP step by step and avoid splitting the THP
finally.
In this patch, one swap cluster is used to hold the contents of each THP
swapped out. So, the size of the swap cluster is changed to that of the
THP (Transparent Huge Page) on x86_64 architecture (512). For other
architectures which want such THP swap optimization,
ARCH_USES_THP_SWAP_CLUSTER needs to be selected in the Kconfig file for
the architecture. In effect, this will enlarge swap cluster size by 2
times on x86_64. Which may make it harder to find a free cluster when
the swap space becomes fragmented. So that, this may reduce the
continuous swap space allocation and sequential write in theory. The
performance test in 0day shows no regressions caused by this.
In the future of THP swap optimization, some information of the swapped
out THP (such as compound map count) will be recorded in the
swap_cluster_info data structure.
The mem cgroup swap accounting functions are enhanced to support charge
or uncharge a swap cluster backing a THP as a whole.
The swap cluster allocate/free functions are added to allocate/free a
swap cluster for a THP. A fair simple algorithm is used for swap
cluster allocation, that is, only the first swap device in priority list
will be tried to allocate the swap cluster. The function will fail if
the trying is not successful, and the caller will fallback to allocate a
single swap slot instead. This works good enough for normal cases. If
the difference of the number of the free swap clusters among multiple
swap devices is significant, it is possible that some THPs are split
earlier than necessary. For example, this could be caused by big size
difference among multiple swap devices.
The swap cache functions is enhanced to support add/delete THP to/from
the swap cache as a set of (HPAGE_PMD_NR) sub-pages. This may be
enhanced in the future with multi-order radix tree. But because we will
split the THP soon during swapping out, that optimization doesn't make
much sense for this first step.
The THP splitting functions are enhanced to support to split THP in swap
cache during swapping out. The page lock will be held during allocating
the swap cluster, adding the THP into the swap cache and splitting the
THP. So in the code path other than swapping out, if the THP need to be
split, the PageSwapCache(THP) will be always false.
The swap cluster is only available for SSD, so the THP swap optimization
in this patchset has no effect for HDD.
[ying.huang@intel.com: fix two issues in THP optimize patch]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/87k25ed8zo.fsf@yhuang-dev.intel.com
[hannes@cmpxchg.org: extensive cleanups and simplifications, reduce code size]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170515112522.32457-2-ying.huang@intel.com
Signed-off-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Suggested-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org> [for config option]
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com> [for changes in huge_memory.c and huge_mm.h]
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Ebru Akagunduz <ebru.akagunduz@gmail.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Shaohua Li <shli@kernel.org>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Reinette reported the following crash:
BUG: Bad page state in process log2exe pfn:57600
page:ffffea00015d8000 count:0 mapcount:0 mapping: (null) index:0x20200
flags: 0x4000000000040019(locked|uptodate|dirty|swapbacked)
raw: 4000000000040019 0000000000000000 0000000000020200 00000000ffffffff
raw: ffffea00015d8020 ffffea00015d8020 0000000000000000 0000000000000000
page dumped because: PAGE_FLAGS_CHECK_AT_FREE flag(s) set
bad because of flags: 0x1(locked)
Modules linked in: rfcomm 8021q bnep intel_rapl x86_pkg_temp_thermal coretemp efivars btusb btrtl btbcm pwm_lpss_pci snd_hda_codec_hdmi btintel pwm_lpss snd_hda_codec_realtek snd_soc_skl snd_hda_codec_generic snd_soc_skl_ipc spi_pxa2xx_platform snd_soc_sst_ipc snd_soc_sst_dsp i2c_designware_platform i2c_designware_core snd_hda_ext_core snd_soc_sst_match snd_hda_intel snd_hda_codec mei_me snd_hda_core mei snd_soc_rt286 snd_soc_rl6347a snd_soc_core efivarfs
CPU: 1 PID: 354 Comm: log2exe Not tainted 4.12.0-rc7-test-test #19
Hardware name: Intel corporation NUC6CAYS/NUC6CAYB, BIOS AYAPLCEL.86A.0027.2016.1108.1529 11/08/2016
Call Trace:
bad_page+0x16a/0x1f0
free_pages_check_bad+0x117/0x190
free_hot_cold_page+0x7b1/0xad0
__put_page+0x70/0xa0
madvise_free_huge_pmd+0x627/0x7b0
madvise_free_pte_range+0x6f8/0x1150
__walk_page_range+0x6b5/0xe30
walk_page_range+0x13b/0x310
madvise_free_page_range.isra.16+0xad/0xd0
madvise_free_single_vma+0x2e4/0x470
SyS_madvise+0x8ce/0x1450
If somebody frees the page under us and we hold the last reference to
it, put_page() would attempt to free the page before unlocking it.
The fix is trivial reorder of operations.
Dave said:
"I came up with the exact same patch. For posterity, here's the test
case, generated by syzkaller and trimmed down by Reinette:
https://www.sr71.net/~dave/intel/log2.c
And the config that helps detect this:
https://www.sr71.net/~dave/intel/config-log2"
Fixes: b8d3c4c300 ("mm/huge_memory.c: don't split THP page when MADV_FREE syscall is called")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170628101249.17879-1-kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Reported-by: Reinette Chatre <reinette.chatre@intel.com>
Acked-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Huang Ying <ying.huang@intel.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In do_huge_pmd_numa_page(), we attempt to handle a migrating thp pmd by
waiting until the pmd is unlocked before we return and retry. However,
we can race with migrate_misplaced_transhuge_page():
// do_huge_pmd_numa_page // migrate_misplaced_transhuge_page()
// Holds 0 refs on page // Holds 2 refs on page
vmf->ptl = pmd_lock(vma->vm_mm, vmf->pmd);
/* ... */
if (pmd_trans_migrating(*vmf->pmd)) {
page = pmd_page(*vmf->pmd);
spin_unlock(vmf->ptl);
ptl = pmd_lock(mm, pmd);
if (page_count(page) != 2)) {
/* roll back */
}
/* ... */
mlock_migrate_page(new_page, page);
/* ... */
spin_unlock(ptl);
put_page(page);
put_page(page); // page freed here
wait_on_page_locked(page);
goto out;
}
This can result in the freed page having its waiters flag set
unexpectedly, which trips the PAGE_FLAGS_CHECK_AT_PREP checks in the
page alloc/free functions. This has been observed on arm64 KVM guests.
We can avoid this by having do_huge_pmd_numa_page() take a reference on
the page before dropping the pmd lock, mirroring what we do in
__migration_entry_wait().
When we hit the race, migrate_misplaced_transhuge_page() will see the
reference and abort the migration, as it may do today in other cases.
Fixes: b8916634b7 ("mm: Prevent parallel splits during THP migration")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1497349722-6731-2-git-send-email-will.deacon@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Acked-by: Steve Capper <steve.capper@arm.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Although all architectures use a deposited page table for THP on
anonymous VMAs, some architectures (s390 and powerpc) require the
deposited storage even for file backed VMAs due to quirks of their MMUs.
This patch adds support for depositing a table in DAX PMD fault handling
path for archs that require it. Other architectures should see no
functional changes.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170411174233.21902-3-oohall@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Oliver O'Halloran <oohall@gmail.com>
Cc: Reza Arbab <arbab@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: linux-nvdimm@ml01.01.org
Cc: Oliver O'Halloran <oohall@gmail.com>
Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Depending on the flags of the PMD being zapped there may or may not be a
deposited pgtable to be freed. In two of the three cases this is open
coded while the third uses the zap_deposited_table() helper. This patch
converts the others to use the helper to clean things up a bit.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170411174233.21902-2-oohall@gmail.com
Cc: Reza Arbab <arbab@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Cc: linux-nvdimm@ml01.01.org
Cc: Oliver O'Halloran <oohall@gmail.com>
Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When memory pressure is high, we free MADV_FREE pages. If the pages are
not dirty in pte, the pages could be freed immediately. Otherwise we
can't reclaim them. We put the pages back to anonumous LRU list (by
setting SwapBacked flag) and the pages will be reclaimed in normal
swapout way.
We use normal page reclaim policy. Since MADV_FREE pages are put into
inactive file list, such pages and inactive file pages are reclaimed
according to their age. This is expected, because we don't want to
reclaim too many MADV_FREE pages before used once pages.
Based on Minchan's original patch
[minchan@kernel.org: clean up lazyfree page handling]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170303025237.GB3503@bbox
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/14b8eb1d3f6bf6cc492833f183ac8c304e560484.1487965799.git.shli@fb.com
Signed-off-by: Shaohua Li <shli@fb.com>
Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Hillf Danton <hillf.zj@alibaba-inc.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
madv()'s MADV_FREE indicate pages are 'lazyfree'. They are still
anonymous pages, but they can be freed without pageout. To distinguish
these from normal anonymous pages, we clear their SwapBacked flag.
MADV_FREE pages could be freed without pageout, so they pretty much like
used once file pages. For such pages, we'd like to reclaim them once
there is memory pressure. Also it might be unfair reclaiming MADV_FREE
pages always before used once file pages and we definitively want to
reclaim the pages before other anonymous and file pages.
To speed up MADV_FREE pages reclaim, we put the pages into
LRU_INACTIVE_FILE list. The rationale is LRU_INACTIVE_FILE list is tiny
nowadays and should be full of used once file pages. Reclaiming
MADV_FREE pages will not have much interfere of anonymous and active
file pages. And the inactive file pages and MADV_FREE pages will be
reclaimed according to their age, so we don't reclaim too many MADV_FREE
pages too. Putting the MADV_FREE pages into LRU_INACTIVE_FILE_LIST also
means we can reclaim the pages without swap support. This idea is
suggested by Johannes.
This patch doesn't move MADV_FREE pages to LRU_INACTIVE_FILE list yet to
avoid bisect failure, next patch will do it.
The patch is based on Minchan's original patch.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/2f87063c1e9354677b7618c647abde77b07561e5.1487965799.git.shli@fb.com
Signed-off-by: Shaohua Li <shli@fb.com>
Suggested-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Hillf Danton <hillf.zj@alibaba-inc.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
There are a few places the code assumes anonymous pages should have
SwapBacked flag set. MADV_FREE pages are anonymous pages but we are
going to add them to LRU_INACTIVE_FILE list and clear SwapBacked flag
for them. The assumption doesn't hold any more, so fix them.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/3945232c0df3dd6c4ef001976f35a95f18dcb407.1487965799.git.shli@fb.com
Signed-off-by: Shaohua Li <shli@fb.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Hillf Danton <hillf.zj@alibaba-inc.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Both MADV_DONTNEED and MADV_FREE handled with down_read(mmap_sem).
It's critical to not clear pmd intermittently while handling MADV_FREE
to avoid race with MADV_DONTNEED:
CPU0: CPU1:
madvise_free_huge_pmd()
pmdp_huge_get_and_clear_full()
madvise_dontneed()
zap_pmd_range()
pmd_trans_huge(*pmd) == 0 (without ptl)
// skip the pmd
set_pmd_at();
// pmd is re-established
It results in MADV_DONTNEED skipping the pmd, leaving it not cleared.
It violates MADV_DONTNEED interface and can result is userspace
misbehaviour.
Basically it's the same race as with numa balancing in
change_huge_pmd(), but a bit simpler to mitigate: we don't need to
preserve dirty/young flags here due to MADV_FREE functionality.
[kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com: Urgh... Power is special again]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170303102636.bhd2zhtpds4mt62a@black.fi.intel.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170302151034.27829-4-kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <hillf.zj@alibaba-inc.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In case prot_numa, we are under down_read(mmap_sem). It's critical to
not clear pmd intermittently to avoid race with MADV_DONTNEED which is
also under down_read(mmap_sem):
CPU0: CPU1:
change_huge_pmd(prot_numa=1)
pmdp_huge_get_and_clear_notify()
madvise_dontneed()
zap_pmd_range()
pmd_trans_huge(*pmd) == 0 (without ptl)
// skip the pmd
set_pmd_at();
// pmd is re-established
The race makes MADV_DONTNEED miss the huge pmd and don't clear it
which may break userspace.
Found by code analysis, never saw triggered.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170302151034.27829-3-kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <hillf.zj@alibaba-inc.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Patch series "thp: fix few MADV_DONTNEED races"
For MADV_DONTNEED to work properly with huge pages, it's critical to not
clear pmd intermittently unless you hold down_write(mmap_sem).
Otherwise MADV_DONTNEED can miss the THP which can lead to userspace
breakage.
See example of such race in commit message of patch 2/4.
All these races are found by code inspection. I haven't seen them
triggered. I don't think it's worth to apply them to stable@.
This patch (of 4):
Restructure code in preparation for a fix.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170302151034.27829-2-kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <hillf.zj@alibaba-inc.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Setting thp defrag mode of "defer+madvise" actually sets "defer" in the
kernel due to the name similarity and the out-of-order way the string is
checked in defrag_store().
Check the string in the correct order so that
TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE_DEFRAG_KSWAPD_OR_MADV_FLAG is set appropriately for
"defer+madvise".
Fixes: 21440d7eb9 ("mm, thp: add new defer+madvise defrag option")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/alpine.DEB.2.10.1704051814420.137626@chino.kir.corp.google.com
Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Merge 5-level page table prep from Kirill Shutemov:
"Here's relatively low-risk part of 5-level paging patchset. Merging it
now will make x86 5-level paging enabling in v4.12 easier.
The first patch is actually x86-specific: detect 5-level paging
support. It boils down to single define.
The rest of patchset converts Linux MMU abstraction from 4- to 5-level
paging.
Enabling of new abstraction in most cases requires adding single line
of code in arch-specific code. The rest is taken care by asm-generic/.
Changes to mm/ code are mostly mechanical: add support for new page
table level -- p4d_t -- where we deal with pud_t now.
v2:
- fix build on microblaze (Michal);
- comment for __ARCH_HAS_5LEVEL_HACK in kasan_populate_zero_shadow();
- acks from Michal"
* emailed patches from Kirill A Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>:
mm: introduce __p4d_alloc()
mm: convert generic code to 5-level paging
asm-generic: introduce <asm-generic/pgtable-nop4d.h>
arch, mm: convert all architectures to use 5level-fixup.h
asm-generic: introduce __ARCH_USE_5LEVEL_HACK
asm-generic: introduce 5level-fixup.h
x86/cpufeature: Add 5-level paging detection
We added support for PUD-sized transparent hugepages, however we count
the event "thp split pud" into thp_split_pmd event.
To separate the event count of thp split pud from pmd, add a new event
named thp_split_pud.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1488282380-5076-1-git-send-email-xieyisheng1@huawei.com
Signed-off-by: Yisheng Xie <xieyisheng1@huawei.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Sebastian Siewior <bigeasy@linutronix.de>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Ebru Akagunduz <ebru.akagunduz@gmail.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Hanjun Guo <guohanjun@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Convert all non-architecture-specific code to 5-level paging.
It's mostly mechanical adding handling one more page table level in
places where we deal with pud_t.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We are going to split <linux/sched/numa_balancing.h> out of <linux/sched.h>, which
will have to be picked up from other headers and a couple of .c files.
Create a trivial placeholder <linux/sched/numa_balancing.h> file that just
maps to <linux/sched.h> to make this patch obviously correct and
bisectable.
Include the new header in the files that are going to need it.
Acked-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
We are going to split <linux/sched/coredump.h> out of <linux/sched.h>, which
will have to be picked up from other headers and a couple of .c files.
Create a trivial placeholder <linux/sched/coredump.h> file that just
maps to <linux/sched.h> to make this patch obviously correct and
bisectable.
Include the new header in the files that are going to need it.
Acked-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mike Galbraith <efault@gmx.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
We are using the wrong flag value in task_numa_falt function. This can
result in us doing wrong numa fault statistics update, because we update
num_pages_migrate and numa_fault_locality etc based on the flag argument
passed.
Fixes: bae473a423 ("mm: introduce fault_env")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1487498395-9544-1-git-send-email-aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Hillf Danton <hillf.zj@alibaba-inc.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Patch series "Numabalancing preserve write fix", v2.
This patch series address an issue w.r.t THP migration and autonuma
preserve write feature. migrate_misplaced_transhuge_page() cannot deal
with concurrent modification of the page. It does a page copy without
following the migration pte sequence. IIUC, this was done to keep the
migration simpler and at the time of implemenation we didn't had THP
page cache which would have required a more elaborate migration scheme.
That means thp autonuma migration expect the protnone with saved write
to be done such that both kernel and user cannot update the page
content. This patch series enables archs like ppc64 to do that. We are
good with the hash translation mode with the current code, because we
never create a hardware page table entry for a protnone pte.
This patch (of 2):
Autonuma preserves the write permission across numa fault to avoid
taking a writefault after a numa fault (Commit: b191f9b106 " mm: numa:
preserve PTE write permissions across a NUMA hinting fault").
Architecture can implement protnone in different ways and some may
choose to implement that by clearing Read/ Write/Exec bit of pte.
Setting the write bit on such pte can result in wrong behaviour. Fix
this up by allowing arch to override how to save the write bit on a
protnone pte.
[aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com: don't mark pte saved write in case of dirty_accountable]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1487942884-16517-1-git-send-email-aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com
[aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com: v3]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1487498625-10891-2-git-send-email-aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1487050314-3892-2-git-send-email-aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Michael Neuling <mikey@neuling.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <michaele@au1.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
For consistency, it worth converting all page_check_address() to
page_vma_mapped_walk(), so we could drop the former.
It also makes freeze_page() as we walk though rmap only once.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170129173858.45174-8-kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <hillf.zj@alibaba-inc.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Introduce a new interface to check if a page is mapped into a vma. It
aims to address shortcomings of page_check_address{,_transhuge}.
Existing interface is not able to handle PTE-mapped THPs: it only finds
the first PTE. The rest lefted unnoticed.
page_vma_mapped_walk() iterates over all possible mapping of the page in
the vma.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170129173858.45174-3-kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <hillf.zj@alibaba-inc.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Srikar Dronamraju <srikar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov.dev@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The current transparent hugepage code only supports PMDs. This patch
adds support for transparent use of PUDs with DAX. It does not include
support for anonymous pages. x86 support code also added.
Most of this patch simply parallels the work that was done for huge
PMDs. The only major difference is how the new ->pud_entry method in
mm_walk works. The ->pmd_entry method replaces the ->pte_entry method,
whereas the ->pud_entry method works along with either ->pmd_entry or
->pte_entry. The pagewalk code takes care of locking the PUD before
calling ->pud_walk, so handlers do not need to worry whether the PUD is
stable.
[dave.jiang@intel.com: fix SMP x86 32bit build for native_pud_clear()]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/148719066814.31111.3239231168815337012.stgit@djiang5-desk3.ch.intel.com
[dave.jiang@intel.com: native_pud_clear missing on i386 build]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/148640375195.69754.3315433724330910314.stgit@djiang5-desk3.ch.intel.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/148545059381.17912.8602162635537598445.stgit@djiang5-desk3.ch.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Jiang <dave.jiang@intel.com>
Tested-by: Alexander Kapshuk <alexander.kapshuk@gmail.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Nilesh Choudhury <nilesh.choudhury@oracle.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
There is no thp defrag option that currently allows MADV_HUGEPAGE
regions to do direct compaction and reclaim while all other thp
allocations simply trigger kswapd and kcompactd in the background and
fail immediately.
The "defer" setting simply triggers background reclaim and compaction
for all regions, regardless of MADV_HUGEPAGE, which makes it unusable
for our userspace where MADV_HUGEPAGE is being used to indicate the
application is willing to wait for work for thp memory to be available.
The "madvise" setting will do direct compaction and reclaim for these
MADV_HUGEPAGE regions, but does not trigger kswapd and kcompactd in the
background for anybody else.
For reasonable usage, there needs to be a mesh between the two options.
This patch introduces a fifth mode, "defer+madvise", that will do direct
reclaim and compaction for MADV_HUGEPAGE regions and trigger background
reclaim and compaction for everybody else so that hugepages may be
available in the near future.
A proposal to allow direct reclaim and compaction for MADV_HUGEPAGE
regions as part of the "defer" mode, making it a very powerful setting
and avoids breaking userspace, was offered:
http://marc.info/?t=148236612700003
This additional mode is a compromise.
A second proposal to allow both "defer" and "madvise" to be selected at
the same time was also offered:
http://marc.info/?t=148357345300001.
This is possible, but there was a concern that it might break existing
userspaces the parse the output of the defrag mode, so the fifth option
was introduced instead.
This patch also cleans up the helper function for storing to "enabled"
and "defrag" since the former supports three modes while the latter
supports five and triple_flag_store() was getting unnecessarily messy.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/alpine.DEB.2.10.1701101614330.41805@chino.kir.corp.google.com
Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In commit 19be0eaffa ("mm: remove gup_flags FOLL_WRITE games from
__get_user_pages()"), the mm code was changed from unsetting FOLL_WRITE
after a COW was resolved to setting the (newly introduced) FOLL_COW
instead. Simultaneously, the check in gup.c was updated to still allow
writes with FOLL_FORCE set if FOLL_COW had also been set.
However, a similar check in huge_memory.c was forgotten. As a result,
remote memory writes to ro regions of memory backed by transparent huge
pages cause an infinite loop in the kernel (handle_mm_fault sets
FOLL_COW and returns 0 causing a retry, but follow_trans_huge_pmd bails
out immidiately because `(flags & FOLL_WRITE) && !pmd_write(*pmd)` is
true.
While in this state the process is stil SIGKILLable, but little else
works (e.g. no ptrace attach, no other signals). This is easily
reproduced with the following code (assuming thp are set to always):
#include <assert.h>
#include <fcntl.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#include <sys/stat.h>
#include <sys/types.h>
#include <sys/wait.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#define TEST_SIZE 5 * 1024 * 1024
int main(void) {
int status;
pid_t child;
int fd = open("/proc/self/mem", O_RDWR);
void *addr = mmap(NULL, TEST_SIZE, PROT_READ,
MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_PRIVATE, 0, 0);
assert(addr != MAP_FAILED);
pid_t parent_pid = getpid();
if ((child = fork()) == 0) {
void *addr2 = mmap(NULL, TEST_SIZE, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_PRIVATE, 0, 0);
assert(addr2 != MAP_FAILED);
memset(addr2, 'a', TEST_SIZE);
pwrite(fd, addr2, TEST_SIZE, (uintptr_t)addr);
return 0;
}
assert(child == waitpid(child, &status, 0));
assert(WIFEXITED(status) && WEXITSTATUS(status) == 0);
return 0;
}
Fix this by updating follow_trans_huge_pmd in huge_memory.c analogously
to the update in gup.c in the original commit. The same pattern exists
in follow_devmap_pmd. However, we should not be able to reach that
check with FOLL_COW set, so add WARN_ONCE to make sure we notice if we
ever do.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170106015025.GA38411@juliacomputing.com
Signed-off-by: Keno Fischer <keno@juliacomputing.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: Nicholas Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Willy Tarreau <w@1wt.eu>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Andreas reported [1] made a test in jemalloc hang in THP mode in arm64:
http://lkml.kernel.org/r/mvmmvfy37g1.fsf@hawking.suse.de
The problem is currently page fault handler doesn't supports dirty bit
emulation of pmd for non-HW dirty-bit architecture so that application
stucks until VM marked the pmd dirty.
How the emulation work depends on the architecture. In case of arm64,
when it set up pte firstly, it sets pte PTE_RDONLY to get a chance to
mark the pte dirty via triggering page fault when store access happens.
Once the page fault occurs, VM marks the pmd dirty and arch code for
setting pmd will clear PTE_RDONLY for application to proceed.
IOW, if VM doesn't mark the pmd dirty, application hangs forever by
repeated fault(i.e., store op but the pmd is PTE_RDONLY).
This patch enables pmd dirty-bit emulation for those architectures.
[1] b8d3c4c300, mm/huge_memory.c: don't split THP page when MADV_FREE syscall is called
Fixes: b8d3c4c300 ("mm/huge_memory.c: don't split THP page when MADV_FREE syscall is called")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1482506098-6149-1-git-send-email-minchan@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Reported-by: Andreas Schwab <schwab@suse.de>
Tested-by: Andreas Schwab <schwab@suse.de>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Jason Evans <je@fb.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> [4.5+]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The flag was introduced by commit 78afd5612d ("mm: add
__GFP_OTHER_NODE flag") to allow proper accounting of remote node
allocations done by kernel daemons on behalf of a process - e.g.
khugepaged.
After "mm: fix remote numa hits statistics" we do not need and actually
use the flag so we can safely remove it because all allocations which
are satisfied from their "home" node are accounted properly.
[mhocko@suse.com: fix build]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170106122225.GK5556@dhcp22.suse.cz
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170102153057.9451-3-mhocko@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Taku Izumi <izumi.taku@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Currently we have two different structures for passing fault information
around - struct vm_fault and struct fault_env. DAX will need more
information in struct vm_fault to handle its faults so the content of
that structure would become event closer to fault_env. Furthermore it
would need to generate struct fault_env to be able to call some of the
generic functions. So at this point I don't think there's much use in
keeping these two structures separate. Just embed into struct vm_fault
all that is needed to use it for both purposes.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1479460644-25076-2-git-send-email-jack@suse.cz
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Test programs want to know the size of a transparent hugepage. While it
is commonly the same as the size of a hugetlbfs page (shown as
Hugepagesize in /proc/meminfo), that is not always so: powerpc
implements transparent hugepages in a different way from hugetlbfs
pages, so it's coincidence when their sizes are the same; and x86 and
others can support more than one hugetlbfs page size.
Add /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/hpage_pmd_size to show the THP
size in bytes - it's the same for Anonymous and Shmem hugepages. Call
it hpage_pmd_size (after HPAGE_PMD_SIZE) rather than hpage_size, in case
some transparent support for pud and pgd pages is added later.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/alpine.LSU.2.11.1612052200290.13021@eggly.anvils
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: "Aneesh Kumar K.V" <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Add arch specific callback in the generic THP page cache code that will
deposit and withdarw preallocated page table. Archs like ppc64 use this
preallocated table to store the hash pte slot information.
Testing:
kernel build of the patch series on tmpfs mounted with option huge=always
The related thp stat:
thp_fault_alloc 72939
thp_fault_fallback 60547
thp_collapse_alloc 603
thp_collapse_alloc_failed 0
thp_file_alloc 253763
thp_file_mapped 4251
thp_split_page 51518
thp_split_page_failed 1
thp_deferred_split_page 73566
thp_split_pmd 665
thp_zero_page_alloc 3
thp_zero_page_alloc_failed 0
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: remove unneeded parentheses, per Kirill]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20161113150025.17942-2-aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Michael Neuling <mikey@neuling.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Independent of whether the vma is for anonymous memory, some arches like
ppc64 would like to override pmd_move_must_withdraw().
One option is to encapsulate the vma_is_anonymous() check for general
architectures inside pmd_move_must_withdraw() so that is always called
and architectures that need unconditional overriding can override this
function. ppc64 needs to override the function when the MMU is
configured to use hash PTE's.
[bsingharora@gmail.com: reworked changelog]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20161113150025.17942-1-aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au> (powerpc)
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Michael Neuling <mikey@neuling.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Balbir Singh <bsingharora@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
With commit e77b0852b5 ("mm/mmu_gather: track page size with mmu
gather and force flush if page size change") we added the ability to
force a tlb flush when the page size change in a mmu_gather loop. We
did that by checking for a page size change every time we added a page
to mmu_gather for lazy flush/remove. We can improve that by moving the
page size change check early and not doing it every time we add a page.
This also helps us to do tlb flush when invalidating a range covering
dax mapping. Wrt dax mapping we don't have a backing struct page and
hence we don't call tlb_remove_page, which earlier forced the tlb flush
on page size change. Moving the page size change check earlier means we
will do the same even for dax mapping.
We also avoid doing this check on architecture other than powerpc.
In a later patch we will remove page size check from tlb_remove_page().
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20161026084839.27299-5-aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We are removing a pmd hugepage here. Use the correct page size.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20161026084839.27299-2-aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pull mm/PAT cleanup from Ingo Molnar:
"A single cleanup for a generic interface that was originally
introduced for PAT"
* 'mm-pat-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
x86/pat, mm: Make track_pfn_insert() return void
Linus found there still is a race in mremap after commit 5d1904204c
("mremap: fix race between mremap() and page cleanning").
As described by Linus:
"the issue is that another thread might make the pte be dirty (in the
hardware walker, so no locking of ours will make any difference)
*after* we checked whether it was dirty, but *before* we removed it
from the page tables"
Fix it by moving the check after we removed it from the page table.
Suggested-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Aaron Lu <aaron.lu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Prior to 3.15, there was a race between zap_pte_range() and
page_mkclean() where writes to a page could be lost. Dave Hansen
discovered by inspection that there is a similar race between
move_ptes() and page_mkclean().
We've been able to reproduce the issue by enlarging the race window with
a msleep(), but have not been able to hit it without modifying the code.
So, we think it's a real issue, but is difficult or impossible to hit in
practice.
The zap_pte_range() issue is fixed by commit 1cf35d47712d("mm: split
'tlb_flush_mmu()' into tlb flushing and memory freeing parts"). And
this patch is to fix the race between page_mkclean() and mremap().
Here is one possible way to hit the race: suppose a process mmapped a
file with READ | WRITE and SHARED, it has two threads and they are bound
to 2 different CPUs, e.g. CPU1 and CPU2. mmap returned X, then thread
1 did a write to addr X so that CPU1 now has a writable TLB for addr X
on it. Thread 2 starts mremaping from addr X to Y while thread 1
cleaned the page and then did another write to the old addr X again.
The 2nd write from thread 1 could succeed but the value will get lost.
thread 1 thread 2
(bound to CPU1) (bound to CPU2)
1: write 1 to addr X to get a
writeable TLB on this CPU
2: mremap starts
3: move_ptes emptied PTE for addr X
and setup new PTE for addr Y and
then dropped PTL for X and Y
4: page laundering for N by doing
fadvise FADV_DONTNEED. When done,
pageframe N is deemed clean.
5: *write 2 to addr X
6: tlb flush for addr X
7: munmap (Y, pagesize) to make the
page unmapped
8: fadvise with FADV_DONTNEED again
to kick the page off the pagecache
9: pread the page from file to verify
the value. If 1 is there, it means
we have lost the written 2.
*the write may or may not cause segmentation fault, it depends on
if the TLB is still on the CPU.
Please note that this is only one specific way of how the race could
occur, it didn't mean that the race could only occur in exact the above
config, e.g. more than 2 threads could be involved and fadvise() could
be done in another thread, etc.
For anonymous pages, they could race between mremap() and page reclaim:
THP: a huge PMD is moved by mremap to a new huge PMD, then the new huge
PMD gets unmapped/splitted/pagedout before the flush tlb happened for
the old huge PMD in move_page_tables() and we could still write data to
it. The normal anonymous page has similar situation.
To fix this, check for any dirty PTE in move_ptes()/move_huge_pmd() and
if any, did the flush before dropping the PTL. If we did the flush for
every move_ptes()/move_huge_pmd() call then we do not need to do the
flush in move_pages_tables() for the whole range. But if we didn't, we
still need to do the whole range flush.
Alternatively, we can track which part of the range is flushed in
move_ptes()/move_huge_pmd() and which didn't to avoid flushing the whole
range in move_page_tables(). But that would require multiple tlb
flushes for the different sub-ranges and should be less efficient than
the single whole range flush.
KBuild test on my Sandybridge desktop doesn't show any noticeable change.
v4.9-rc4:
real 5m14.048s
user 32m19.800s
sys 4m50.320s
With this commit:
real 5m13.888s
user 32m19.330s
sys 4m51.200s
Reported-by: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Aaron Lu <aaron.lu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
vma->vm_page_prot is read lockless from the rmap_walk, it may be updated
concurrently and this prevents the risk of reading intermediate values.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1474660305-19222-1-git-send-email-aarcange@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Jan Vorlicek <janvorli@microsoft.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The global zero page is used to satisfy an anonymous read fault. If
THP(Transparent HugePage) is enabled then the global huge zero page is
used. The global huge zero page uses an atomic counter for reference
counting and is allocated/freed dynamically according to its counter
value.
CPU time spent on that counter will greatly increase if there are a lot
of processes doing anonymous read faults. This patch proposes a way to
reduce the access to the global counter so that the CPU load can be
reduced accordingly.
To do this, a new flag of the mm_struct is introduced:
MMF_USED_HUGE_ZERO_PAGE. With this flag, the process only need to touch
the global counter in two cases:
1 The first time it uses the global huge zero page;
2 The time when mm_user of its mm_struct reaches zero.
Note that right now, the huge zero page is eligible to be freed as soon
as its last use goes away. With this patch, the page will not be
eligible to be freed until the exit of the last process from which it
was ever used.
And with the use of mm_user, the kthread is not eligible to use huge
zero page either. Since no kthread is using huge zero page today, there
is no difference after applying this patch. But if that is not desired,
I can change it to when mm_count reaches zero.
Case used for test on Haswell EP:
usemem -n 72 --readonly -j 0x200000 100G
Which spawns 72 processes and each will mmap 100G anonymous space and
then do read only access to that space sequentially with a step of 2MB.
CPU cycles from perf report for base commit:
54.03% usemem [kernel.kallsyms] [k] get_huge_zero_page
CPU cycles from perf report for this commit:
0.11% usemem [kernel.kallsyms] [k] mm_get_huge_zero_page
Performance(throughput) of the workload for base commit: 1784430792
Performance(throughput) of the workload for this commit: 4726928591
164% increase.
Runtime of the workload for base commit: 707592 us
Runtime of the workload for this commit: 303970 us
50% drop.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/fe51a88f-446a-4622-1363-ad1282d71385@intel.com
Signed-off-by: Aaron Lu <aaron.lu@intel.com>
Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Huang Ying <ying.huang@intel.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Ebru Akagunduz <ebru.akagunduz@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When CONFIG_FS_DAX_PMD is set, DAX supports mmap() using pmd page size.
This feature relies on both mmap virtual address and FS block (i.e.
physical address) to be aligned by the pmd page size. Users can use
mkfs options to specify FS to align block allocations. However,
aligning mmap address requires code changes to existing applications for
providing a pmd-aligned address to mmap().
For instance, fio with "ioengine=mmap" performs I/Os with mmap() [1].
It calls mmap() with a NULL address, which needs to be changed to
provide a pmd-aligned address for testing with DAX pmd mappings.
Changing all applications that call mmap() with NULL is undesirable.
Add thp_get_unmapped_area(), which can be called by filesystem's
get_unmapped_area to align an mmap address by the pmd size for a DAX
file. It calls the default handler, mm->get_unmapped_area(), to find a
range and then aligns it for a DAX file.
The patch is based on Matthew Wilcox's change that allows adding support
of the pud page size easily.
[1]: https://github.com/axboe/fio/blob/master/engines/mmap.c
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1472497881-9323-2-git-send-email-toshi.kani@hpe.com
Signed-off-by: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hpe.com>
Reviewed-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
Cc: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Andreas Dilger <adilger.kernel@dilger.ca>
Cc: Mike Kravetz <mike.kravetz@oracle.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The NUMA balancing logic uses an arch-specific PROT_NONE page table flag
defined by pte_protnone() or pmd_protnone() to mark PTEs or huge page
PMDs respectively as requiring balancing upon a subsequent page fault.
User-defined PROT_NONE memory regions which also have this flag set will
not normally invoke the NUMA balancing code as do_page_fault() will send
a segfault to the process before handle_mm_fault() is even called.
However if access_remote_vm() is invoked to access a PROT_NONE region of
memory, handle_mm_fault() is called via faultin_page() and
__get_user_pages() without any access checks being performed, meaning
the NUMA balancing logic is incorrectly invoked on a non-NUMA memory
region.
A simple means of triggering this problem is to access PROT_NONE mmap'd
memory using /proc/self/mem which reliably results in the NUMA handling
functions being invoked when CONFIG_NUMA_BALANCING is set.
This issue was reported in bugzilla (issue 99101) which includes some
simple repro code.
There are BUG_ON() checks in do_numa_page() and do_huge_pmd_numa_page()
added at commit c0e7cad to avoid accidentally provoking strange
behaviour by attempting to apply NUMA balancing to pages that are in
fact PROT_NONE. The BUG_ON()'s are consistently triggered by the repro.
This patch moves the PROT_NONE check into mm/memory.c rather than
invoking BUG_ON() as faulting in these pages via faultin_page() is a
valid reason for reaching the NUMA check with the PROT_NONE page table
flag set and is therefore not always a bug.
Link: https://bugzilla.kernel.org/show_bug.cgi?id=99101
Reported-by: Trevor Saunders <tbsaunde@tbsaunde.org>
Signed-off-by: Lorenzo Stoakes <lstoakes@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit:
4d94246699 ("mm: convert p[te|md]_mknonnuma and remaining page table manipulations")
changed NUMA balancing from _PAGE_NUMA to using PROT_NONE, and was quickly
found to introduce a regression with NUMA grouping.
It was followed up by these commits:
53da3bc2ba ("mm: fix up numa read-only thread grouping logic")
bea66fbd11 ("mm: numa: group related processes based on VMA flags instead of page table flags")
b191f9b106 ("mm: numa: preserve PTE write permissions across a NUMA hinting fault")
The first of those two commits try alternate approaches to NUMA
grouping, which apparently do not work as well as looking at the PTE
write permissions.
The latter patch preserves the PTE write permissions across a NUMA
protection fault. However, it forgets to revert the condition for
whether or not to group tasks together back to what it was before
v3.19, even though the information is now preserved in the page tables
once again.
This patch brings the NUMA grouping heuristic back to what it was
before commit 4d94246699, which the changelogs of subsequent
commits suggest worked best.
We have all the information again. We should probably use it.
Signed-off-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: aarcange@redhat.com
Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
Cc: mgorman@suse.de
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160908213053.07c992a9@annuminas.surriel.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Attempting to dump /proc/<pid>/smaps for a process with pmd dax mappings
currently results in the following VM_BUG_ONs:
kernel BUG at mm/huge_memory.c:1105!
task: ffff88045f16b140 task.stack: ffff88045be14000
RIP: 0010:[<ffffffff81268f9b>] [<ffffffff81268f9b>] follow_trans_huge_pmd+0x2cb/0x340
[..]
Call Trace:
[<ffffffff81306030>] smaps_pte_range+0xa0/0x4b0
[<ffffffff814c2755>] ? vsnprintf+0x255/0x4c0
[<ffffffff8123c46e>] __walk_page_range+0x1fe/0x4d0
[<ffffffff8123c8a2>] walk_page_vma+0x62/0x80
[<ffffffff81307656>] show_smap+0xa6/0x2b0
kernel BUG at fs/proc/task_mmu.c:585!
RIP: 0010:[<ffffffff81306469>] [<ffffffff81306469>] smaps_pte_range+0x499/0x4b0
Call Trace:
[<ffffffff814c2795>] ? vsnprintf+0x255/0x4c0
[<ffffffff8123c46e>] __walk_page_range+0x1fe/0x4d0
[<ffffffff8123c8a2>] walk_page_vma+0x62/0x80
[<ffffffff81307696>] show_smap+0xa6/0x2b0
These locations are sanity checking page flags that must be set for an
anonymous transparent huge page, but are not set for the zone_device
pages associated with dax mappings.
Cc: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
While adding proper userfaultfd_wp support with bits in pagetable and
swap entry to avoid false positives WP userfaults through swap/fork/
KSM/etc, I've been adding a framework that mostly mirrors soft dirty.
So I noticed in one place I had to add uffd_wp support to the pagetables
that wasn't covered by soft_dirty and I think it should have.
Example: in the THP migration code migrate_misplaced_transhuge_page()
pmd_mkdirty is called unconditionally after mk_huge_pmd.
entry = mk_huge_pmd(new_page, vma->vm_page_prot);
entry = maybe_pmd_mkwrite(pmd_mkdirty(entry), vma);
That sets soft dirty too (it's a false positive for soft dirty, the soft
dirty bit could be more finegrained and transfer the bit like uffd_wp
will do.. pmd/pte_uffd_wp() enforces the invariant that when it's set
pmd/pte_write is not set).
However in the THP split there's no unconditional pmd_mkdirty after
mk_huge_pmd and pte_swp_mksoft_dirty isn't called after the migration
entry is created. The code sets the dirty bit in the struct page
instead of setting it in the pagetable (which is fully equivalent as far
as the real dirty bit is concerned, as the whole point of pagetable bits
is to be eventually flushed out of to the page, but that is not
equivalent for the soft-dirty bit that gets lost in translation).
This was found by code review only and totally untested as I'm working
to actually replace soft dirty and I don't have time to test potential
soft dirty bugfixes as well :).
Transfer the soft_dirty from pmd to pte during THP splits.
This fix avoids losing the soft_dirty bit and avoids userland memory
corruption in the checkpoint.
Fixes: eef1b3ba05 ("thp: implement split_huge_pmd()")
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1471610515-30229-2-git-send-email-aarcange@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
After the previous patch, we can distinguish costly allocations that
should be really lightweight, such as THP page faults, with
__GFP_NORETRY. This means we don't need to recognize khugepaged
allocations via PF_KTHREAD anymore. We can also change THP page faults
in areas where madvise(MADV_HUGEPAGE) was used to try as hard as
khugepaged, as the process has indicated that it benefits from THP's and
is willing to pay some initial latency costs.
We can also make the flags handling less cryptic by distinguishing
GFP_TRANSHUGE_LIGHT (no reclaim at all, default mode in page fault) from
GFP_TRANSHUGE (only direct reclaim, khugepaged default). Adding
__GFP_NORETRY or __GFP_KSWAPD_RECLAIM is done where needed.
The patch effectively changes the current GFP_TRANSHUGE users as
follows:
* get_huge_zero_page() - the zero page lifetime should be relatively
long and it's shared by multiple users, so it's worth spending some
effort on it. We use GFP_TRANSHUGE, and __GFP_NORETRY is not added.
This also restores direct reclaim to this allocation, which was
unintentionally removed by commit e4a49efe4e7e ("mm: thp: set THP defrag
by default to madvise and add a stall-free defrag option")
* alloc_hugepage_khugepaged_gfpmask() - this is khugepaged, so latency
is not an issue. So if khugepaged "defrag" is enabled (the default), do
reclaim via GFP_TRANSHUGE without __GFP_NORETRY. We can remove the
PF_KTHREAD check from page alloc.
As a side-effect, khugepaged will now no longer check if the initial
compaction was deferred or contended. This is OK, as khugepaged sleep
times between collapsion attempts are long enough to prevent noticeable
disruption, so we should allow it to spend some effort.
* migrate_misplaced_transhuge_page() - already was masking out
__GFP_RECLAIM, so just convert to GFP_TRANSHUGE_LIGHT which is
equivalent.
* alloc_hugepage_direct_gfpmask() - vma's with VM_HUGEPAGE (via madvise)
are now allocating without __GFP_NORETRY. Other vma's keep using
__GFP_NORETRY if direct reclaim/compaction is at all allowed (by default
it's allowed only for madvised vma's). The rest is conversion to
GFP_TRANSHUGE(_LIGHT).
[mhocko@suse.com: suggested GFP_TRANSHUGE_LIGHT]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160721073614.24395-7-vbabka@suse.cz
Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The definition of return value of madvise_free_huge_pmd is not clear
before. According to the suggestion of Minchan Kim, change the type of
return value to bool and return true if we do MADV_FREE successfully on
entire pmd page, otherwise, return false. Comments are added too.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1467135452-16688-2-git-send-email-ying.huang@intel.com
Signed-off-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com>
Acked-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Ebru Akagunduz <ebru.akagunduz@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
There are now a number of accounting oddities such as mapped file pages
being accounted for on the node while the total number of file pages are
accounted on the zone. This can be coped with to some extent but it's
confusing so this patch moves the relevant file-based accounted. Due to
throttling logic in the page allocator for reliable OOM detection, it is
still necessary to track dirty and writeback pages on a per-zone basis.
[mgorman@techsingularity.net: fix NR_ZONE_WRITE_PENDING accounting]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1468404004-5085-5-git-send-email-mgorman@techsingularity.net
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1467970510-21195-20-git-send-email-mgorman@techsingularity.net
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <hillf.zj@alibaba-inc.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This moves the LRU lists from the zone to the node and related data such
as counters, tracing, congestion tracking and writeback tracking.
Unfortunately, due to reclaim and compaction retry logic, it is
necessary to account for the number of LRU pages on both zone and node
logic. Most reclaim logic is based on the node counters but the retry
logic uses the zone counters which do not distinguish inactive and
active sizes. It would be possible to leave the LRU counters on a
per-zone basis but it's a heavier calculation across multiple cache
lines that is much more frequent than the retry checks.
Other than the LRU counters, this is mostly a mechanical patch but note
that it introduces a number of anomalies. For example, the scans are
per-zone but using per-node counters. We also mark a node as congested
when a zone is congested. This causes weird problems that are fixed
later but is easier to review.
In the event that there is excessive overhead on 32-bit systems due to
the nodes being on LRU then there are two potential solutions
1. Long-term isolation of highmem pages when reclaim is lowmem
When pages are skipped, they are immediately added back onto the LRU
list. If lowmem reclaim persisted for long periods of time, the same
highmem pages get continually scanned. The idea would be that lowmem
keeps those pages on a separate list until a reclaim for highmem pages
arrives that splices the highmem pages back onto the LRU. It potentially
could be implemented similar to the UNEVICTABLE list.
That would reduce the skip rate with the potential corner case is that
highmem pages have to be scanned and reclaimed to free lowmem slab pages.
2. Linear scan lowmem pages if the initial LRU shrink fails
This will break LRU ordering but may be preferable and faster during
memory pressure than skipping LRU pages.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1467970510-21195-4-git-send-email-mgorman@techsingularity.net
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Hillf Danton <hillf.zj@alibaba-inc.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Node-based reclaim requires node-based LRUs and locking. This is a
preparation patch that just moves the lru_lock to the node so later
patches are easier to review. It is a mechanical change but note this
patch makes contention worse because the LRU lock is hotter and direct
reclaim and kswapd can contend on the same lock even when reclaiming
from different zones.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1467970510-21195-3-git-send-email-mgorman@techsingularity.net
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Reviewed-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Hillf Danton <hillf.zj@alibaba-inc.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@surriel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
To make the comments consistent with the already changed code.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1466200004-6196-1-git-send-email-ying.huang@intel.com
Signed-off-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
For file mappings, we don't deposit page tables on THP allocation
because it's not strictly required to implement split_huge_pmd(): we can
just clear pmd and let following page faults to reconstruct the page
table.
But Power makes use of deposited page table to address MMU quirk.
Let's hide THP page cache, including huge tmpfs, under separate config
option, so it can be forbidden on Power.
We can revert the patch later once solution for Power found.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1466021202-61880-36-git-send-email-kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
khugepaged implementation grew to the point when it deserve separate
file in source.
Let's move it to mm/khugepaged.c.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1466021202-61880-32-git-send-email-kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Let's wire up existing madvise() hugepage hints for file mappings.
MADV_HUGEPAGE advise shmem to allocate huge page on page fault in the
VMA. It only has effect if the filesystem is mounted with huge=advise
or huge=within_size.
MADV_NOHUGEPAGE prevents hugepage from being allocated on page fault in
the VMA. It doesn't prevent a huge page from being allocated by other
means, i.e. page fault into different mapping or write(2) into file.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1466021202-61880-31-git-send-email-kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Here's basic implementation of huge pages support for shmem/tmpfs.
It's all pretty streight-forward:
- shmem_getpage() allcoates huge page if it can and try to inserd into
radix tree with shmem_add_to_page_cache();
- shmem_add_to_page_cache() puts the page onto radix-tree if there's
space for it;
- shmem_undo_range() removes huge pages, if it fully within range.
Partial truncate of huge pages zero out this part of THP.
This have visible effect on fallocate(FALLOC_FL_PUNCH_HOLE)
behaviour. As we don't really create hole in this case,
lseek(SEEK_HOLE) may have inconsistent results depending what
pages happened to be allocated.
- no need to change shmem_fault: core-mm will map an compound page as
huge if VMA is suitable;
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1466021202-61880-30-git-send-email-kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This patch adds new mount option "huge=". It can have following values:
- "always":
Attempt to allocate huge pages every time we need a new page;
- "never":
Do not allocate huge pages;
- "within_size":
Only allocate huge page if it will be fully within i_size.
Also respect fadvise()/madvise() hints;
- "advise:
Only allocate huge pages if requested with fadvise()/madvise();
Default is "never" for now.
"mount -o remount,huge= /mountpoint" works fine after mount: remounting
huge=never will not attempt to break up huge pages at all, just stop
more from being allocated.
No new config option: put this under CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE, which
is the appropriate option to protect those who don't want the new bloat,
and with which we shall share some pmd code.
Prohibit the option when !CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE, just as mpol is
invalid without CONFIG_NUMA (was hidden in mpol_parse_str(): make it
explicit).
Allow enabling THP only if the machine has_transparent_hugepage().
But what about Shmem with no user-visible mount? SysV SHM, memfds,
shared anonymous mmaps (of /dev/zero or MAP_ANONYMOUS), GPU drivers' DRM
objects, Ashmem. Though unlikely to suit all usages, provide sysfs knob
/sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/shmem_enabled to experiment with
huge on those.
And allow shmem_enabled two further values:
- "deny":
For use in emergencies, to force the huge option off from
all mounts;
- "force":
Force the huge option on for all - very useful for testing;
Based on patch by Hugh Dickins.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1466021202-61880-28-git-send-email-kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Let's add ShmemHugePages and ShmemPmdMapped fields into meminfo and
smaps. It indicates how many times we allocate and map shmem THP.
NR_ANON_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGES is renamed to NR_ANON_THPS.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1466021202-61880-27-git-send-email-kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
As with anon THP, we only mlock file huge pages if we can prove that the
page is not mapped with PTE. This way we can avoid mlock leak into
non-mlocked vma on split.
We rely on PageDoubleMap() under lock_page() to check if the the page
may be PTE mapped. PG_double_map is set by page_add_file_rmap() when
the page mapped with PTEs.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1466021202-61880-21-git-send-email-kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Basic scheme is the same as for anon THP.
Main differences:
- File pages are on radix-tree, so we have head->_count offset by
HPAGE_PMD_NR. The count got distributed to small pages during split.
- mapping->tree_lock prevents non-lockless access to pages under split
over radix-tree;
- Lockless access is prevented by setting the head->_count to 0 during
split;
- After split, some pages can be beyond i_size. We drop them from
radix-tree.
- We don't setup migration entries. Just unmap pages. It helps
handling cases when i_size is in the middle of the page: no need
handle unmap pages beyond i_size manually.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1466021202-61880-20-git-send-email-kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
change_huge_pmd() has assert which is not relvant for file page. For
shared mapping it's perfectly fine to have page table entry writable,
without explicit mkwrite.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1466021202-61880-18-git-send-email-kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
copy_page_range() has a check for "Don't copy ptes where a page fault
will fill them correctly." It works on VMA level. We still copy all
page table entries from private mappings, even if they map page cache.
We can simplify copy_huge_pmd() a bit by skipping file PMDs.
We don't map file private pages with PMDs, so they only can map page
cache. It's safe to skip them as they can be re-faulted later.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1466021202-61880-17-git-send-email-kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Splitting THP PMD is simple: just unmap it as in DAX case. This way we
can avoid memory overhead on page table allocation to deposit.
It's probably a good idea to try to allocation page table with
GFP_ATOMIC in __split_huge_pmd_locked() to avoid refaulting the area,
but clearing pmd should be good enough for now.
Unlike DAX, we also remove the page from rmap and drop reference.
pmd_young() is transfered to PageReferenced().
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1466021202-61880-15-git-send-email-kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
split_huge_pmd() for file mappings (and DAX too) is implemented by just
clearing pmd entry as we can re-fill this area from page cache on pte
level later.
This means we don't need deposit page tables when file THP is mapped.
Therefore we shouldn't try to withdraw a page table on zap_huge_pmd()
file THP PMD.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1466021202-61880-14-git-send-email-kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
With postponed page table allocation we have chance to setup huge pages.
do_set_pte() calls do_set_pmd() if following criteria met:
- page is compound;
- pmd entry in pmd_none();
- vma has suitable size and alignment;
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1466021202-61880-12-git-send-email-kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Naive approach: on mapping/unmapping the page as compound we update
->_mapcount on each 4k page. That's not efficient, but it's not obvious
how we can optimize this. We can look into optimization later.
PG_double_map optimization doesn't work for file pages since lifecycle
of file pages is different comparing to anon pages: file page can be
mapped again at any time.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1466021202-61880-11-git-send-email-kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The idea borrowed from Peter's patch from patchset on speculative page
faults[1]:
Instead of passing around the endless list of function arguments,
replace the lot with a single structure so we can change context without
endless function signature changes.
The changes are mostly mechanical with exception of faultaround code:
filemap_map_pages() got reworked a bit.
This patch is preparation for the next one.
[1] http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20141020222841.302891540@infradead.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1466021202-61880-9-git-send-email-kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Currently khugepaged makes swapin readahead under down_write. This
patch supplies to make swapin readahead under down_read instead of
down_write.
The patch was tested with a test program that allocates 800MB of memory,
writes to it, and then sleeps. The system was forced to swap out all.
Afterwards, the test program touches the area by writing, it skips a
page in each 20 pages of the area.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: update comment to match new code]
[kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com: passing 'vma' to hugepage_vma_revlidate() is useless]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160530095058.GA53044@black.fi.intel.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1466021202-61880-3-git-send-email-kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1464335964-6510-4-git-send-email-ebru.akagunduz@gmail.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1466021202-61880-2-git-send-email-kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Ebru Akagunduz <ebru.akagunduz@gmail.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This patch makes swapin readahead to improve thp collapse rate. When
khugepaged scanned pages, there can be a few of the pages in swap area.
With the patch THP can collapse 4kB pages into a THP when there are up
to max_ptes_swap swap ptes in a 2MB range.
The patch was tested with a test program that allocates 400B of memory,
writes to it, and then sleeps. I force the system to swap out all.
Afterwards, the test program touches the area by writing, it skips a
page in each 20 pages of the area.
Without the patch, system did not swap in readahead. THP rate was %65
of the program of the memory, it did not change over time.
With this patch, after 10 minutes of waiting khugepaged had collapsed
%99 of the program's memory.
[kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com: trivial cleanup of exit path of the function]
[kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com: __collapse_huge_page_swapin(): drop unused 'pte' parameter]
[kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com: do not hold anon_vma lock during swap in]
Signed-off-by: Ebru Akagunduz <ebru.akagunduz@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Xie XiuQi <xiexiuqi@huawei.com>
Cc: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Introduce a new sysfs integer knob
/sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/khugepaged/max_ptes_swap which makes
optimistic check for swapin readahead to increase thp collapse rate.
Before getting swapped out pages to memory, checks them and allows up to a
certain number. It also prints out using tracepoints amount of unmapped
ptes.
[vdavydov@parallels.com: fix scan not aborted on SCAN_EXCEED_SWAP_PTE]
[sfr@canb.auug.org.au: build fix]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160616154503.65806e12@canb.auug.org.au
Signed-off-by: Ebru Akagunduz <ebru.akagunduz@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Xie XiuQi <xiexiuqi@huawei.com>
Cc: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This allows an arch which needs to do special handing with respect to
different page size when flushing tlb to implement the same in mmu
gather.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1465049193-22197-3-git-send-email-aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan.kim@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
madvise_free_huge_pmd should return 0 if the fallback PTE operations are
required. In madvise_free_huge_pmd, if part pages of THP are discarded,
the THP will be split and fallback PTE operations should be used if
splitting succeeds. But the original code will make fallback PTE
operations skipped, after splitting succeeds. Fix that via make
madvise_free_huge_pmd return 0 after splitting successfully, so that the
fallback PTE operations will be done.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1467135452-16688-1-git-send-email-ying.huang@intel.com
Signed-off-by: "Huang, Ying" <ying.huang@intel.com>
Acked-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Ebru Akagunduz <ebru.akagunduz@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
1/ Device DAX for persistent memory:
Device DAX is the device-centric analogue of Filesystem DAX
(CONFIG_FS_DAX). It allows memory ranges to be allocated and mapped
without need of an intervening file system. Device DAX is strict,
precise and predictable. Specifically this interface:
a) Guarantees fault granularity with respect to a given page size
(pte, pmd, or pud) set at configuration time.
b) Enforces deterministic behavior by being strict about what fault
scenarios are supported.
Persistent memory is the first target, but the mechanism is also
targeted for exclusive allocations of performance/feature differentiated
memory ranges.
2/ Support for the HPE DSM (device specific method) command formats.
This enables management of these first generation devices until a
unified DSM specification materializes.
3/ Further ACPI 6.1 compliance with support for the common dimm
identifier format.
4/ Various fixes and cleanups across the subsystem.
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Merge tag 'libnvdimm-for-4.7' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/nvdimm/nvdimm
Pull libnvdimm updates from Dan Williams:
"The bulk of this update was stabilized before the merge window and
appeared in -next. The "device dax" implementation was revised this
week in response to review feedback, and to address failures detected
by the recently expanded ndctl unit test suite.
Not included in this pull request are two dax topic branches (dax
error handling, and dax radix-tree locking). These topics were
deferred to get a few more days of -next integration testing, and to
coordinate a branch baseline with Ted and the ext4 tree. Vishal and
Ross will send the error handling and locking topics respectively in
the next few days.
This branch has received a positive build result from the kbuild robot
across 226 configs.
Summary:
- Device DAX for persistent memory: Device DAX is the device-centric
analogue of Filesystem DAX (CONFIG_FS_DAX). It allows memory
ranges to be allocated and mapped without need of an intervening
file system. Device DAX is strict, precise and predictable.
Specifically this interface:
a) Guarantees fault granularity with respect to a given page size
(pte, pmd, or pud) set at configuration time.
b) Enforces deterministic behavior by being strict about what
fault scenarios are supported.
Persistent memory is the first target, but the mechanism is also
targeted for exclusive allocations of performance/feature
differentiated memory ranges.
- Support for the HPE DSM (device specific method) command formats.
This enables management of these first generation devices until a
unified DSM specification materializes.
- Further ACPI 6.1 compliance with support for the common dimm
identifier format.
- Various fixes and cleanups across the subsystem"
* tag 'libnvdimm-for-4.7' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/nvdimm/nvdimm: (40 commits)
libnvdimm, dax: fix deletion
libnvdimm, dax: fix alignment validation
libnvdimm, dax: autodetect support
libnvdimm: release ida resources
Revert "block: enable dax for raw block devices"
/dev/dax, core: file operations and dax-mmap
/dev/dax, pmem: direct access to persistent memory
libnvdimm: stop requiring a driver ->remove() method
libnvdimm, dax: record the specified alignment of a dax-device instance
libnvdimm, dax: reserve space to store labels for device-dax
libnvdimm, dax: introduce device-dax infrastructure
nfit: add sysfs dimm 'family' and 'dsm_mask' attributes
tools/testing/nvdimm: ND_CMD_CALL support
nfit: disable vendor specific commands
nfit: export subsystem ids as attributes
nfit: fix format interface code byte order per ACPI6.1
nfit, libnvdimm: limited/whitelisted dimm command marshaling mechanism
nfit, libnvdimm: clarify "commands" vs "_DSMs"
libnvdimm: increase max envelope size for ioctl
acpi/nfit: Add sysfs "id" for NVDIMM ID
...
The "Device DAX" core enables dax mappings of performance / feature
differentiated memory. An open mapping or file handle keeps the backing
struct device live, but new mappings are only possible while the device
is enabled. Faults are handled under rcu_read_lock to synchronize
with the enabled state of the device.
Similar to the filesystem-dax case the backing memory may optionally
have struct page entries. However, unlike fs-dax there is no support
for private mappings, or mappings that are not backed by media (see
use of zero-page in fs-dax).
Mappings are always guaranteed to match the alignment of the dax_region.
If the dax_region is configured to have a 2MB alignment, all mappings
are guaranteed to be backed by a pmd entry. Contrast this determinism
with the fs-dax case where pmd mappings are opportunistic. If userspace
attempts to force a misaligned mapping, the driver will fail the mmap
attempt. See dax_dev_check_vma() for other scenarios that are rejected,
like MAP_PRIVATE mappings.
Cc: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.de>
Cc: Jeff Moyer <jmoyer@redhat.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Johannes Thumshirn <jthumshirn@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
If a large value is written to scan_sleep_millisecs, for example, that
period must lapse before khugepaged will wake up for periodic
collapsing.
If this value is tuned to 1 day, for example, and then re-tuned to its
default 10s, khugepaged will still wait for a day before scanning again.
This patch causes khugepaged to wakeup immediately when the value is
changed and then sleep until that value is rewritten or the new value
lapses.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/alpine.DEB.2.10.1605181453200.4786@chino.kir.corp.google.com
Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Comment is partly wrong, this improves it by including the case of
split_huge_pmd_address() called by try_to_unmap_one if TTU_SPLIT_HUGE_PMD
is set.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1462547040-1737-4-git-send-email-aarcange@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The implementation of mk_huge_pmd looks verbose, it could be just
simplified to one line code.
Signed-off-by: Yang Shi <yang.shi@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Remove move_huge_pmd()'s redundant new_vma arg: all it was used for was
a VM_NOHUGEPAGE check on new_vma flags, but the new_vma is cloned from
the old vma, so a trans_huge_pmd in the new_vma will be as acceptable as
it was in the old vma, alignment and size permitting.
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Andres Lagar-Cavilla <andreslc@google.com>
Cc: Yang Shi <yang.shi@linaro.org>
Cc: Ning Qu <quning@gmail.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Andres Lagar-Cavilla <andreslc@google.com>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Many developers already know that field for reference count of the
struct page is _count and atomic type. They would try to handle it
directly and this could break the purpose of page reference count
tracepoint. To prevent direct _count modification, this patch rename it
to _refcount and add warning message on the code. After that, developer
who need to handle reference count will find that field should not be
accessed directly.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix comments, per Vlastimil]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: Documentation/vm/transhuge.txt too]
[sfr@canb.auug.org.au: sync ethernet driver changes]
Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Berg <johannes@sipsolutions.net>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Sunil Goutham <sgoutham@cavium.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@mellanox.com>
Cc: Manish Chopra <manish.chopra@qlogic.com>
Cc: Yuval Mintz <yuval.mintz@qlogic.com>
Cc: Tariq Toukan <tariqt@mellanox.com>
Cc: Saeed Mahameed <saeedm@mellanox.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This will provide fully accuracy to the mapcount calculation in the
write protect faults, so page pinning will not get broken by false
positive copy-on-writes.
total_mapcount() isn't the right calculation needed in
reuse_swap_page(), so this introduces a page_trans_huge_mapcount()
that is effectively the full accurate return value for page_mapcount()
if dealing with Transparent Hugepages, however we only use the
page_trans_huge_mapcount() during COW faults where it strictly needed,
due to its higher runtime cost.
This also provide at practical zero cost the total_mapcount
information which is needed to know if we can still relocate the page
anon_vma to the local vma. If page_trans_huge_mapcount() returns 1 we
can reuse the page no matter if it's a pte or a pmd_trans_huge
triggering the fault, but we can only relocate the page anon_vma to
the local vma->anon_vma if we're sure it's only this "vma" mapping the
whole THP physical range.
Kirill A. Shutemov discovered the problem with moving the page
anon_vma to the local vma->anon_vma in a previous version of this
patch and another problem in the way page_move_anon_rmap() was called.
Andrew Morton discovered that CONFIG_SWAP=n wouldn't build in a
previous version, because reuse_swap_page must be a macro to call
page_trans_huge_mapcount from swap.h, so this uses a macro again
instead of an inline function. With this change at least it's a less
dangerous usage than it was before, because "page" is used only once
now, while with the previous code reuse_swap_page(page++) would have
called page_mapcount on page+1 and it would have increased page twice
instead of just once.
Dean Luick noticed an uninitialized variable that could result in a
rmap inefficiency for the non-THP case in a previous version.
Mike Marciniszyn said:
: Our RDMA tests are seeing an issue with memory locking that bisects to
: commit 61f5d698cc ("mm: re-enable THP")
:
: The test program registers two rather large MRs (512M) and RDMA
: writes data to a passive peer using the first and RDMA reads it back
: into the second MR and compares that data. The sizes are chosen randomly
: between 0 and 1024 bytes.
:
: The test will get through a few (<= 4 iterations) and then gets a
: compare error.
:
: Tracing indicates the kernel logical addresses associated with the individual
: pages at registration ARE correct , the data in the "RDMA read response only"
: packets ARE correct.
:
: The "corruption" occurs when the packet crosse two pages that are not physically
: contiguous. The second page reads back as zero in the program.
:
: It looks like the user VA at the point of the compare error no longer points to
: the same physical address as was registered.
:
: This patch totally resolves the issue!
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1462547040-1737-2-git-send-email-aarcange@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Reviewed-by: Dean Luick <dean.luick@intel.com>
Tested-by: Alex Williamson <alex.williamson@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Mike Marciniszyn <mike.marciniszyn@intel.com>
Tested-by: Josh Collier <josh.d.collier@intel.com>
Cc: Marc Haber <mh+linux-kernel@zugschlus.de>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> [4.5]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
split_huge_pages doesn't support get method at all, so the read
permission sounds confusing, change the permission to write only.
And, add "\n" to the output of set method to make it more readable.
Signed-off-by: Yang Shi <yang.shi@linaro.org>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Khugepaged detects own VMAs by checking vm_file and vm_ops but this way
it cannot distinguish private /dev/zero mappings from other special
mappings like /dev/hpet which has no vm_ops and popultes PTEs in mmap.
This fixes false-positive VM_BUG_ON and prevents installing THP where
they are not expected.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/CACT4Y+ZmuZMV5CjSFOeXviwQdABAgT7T+StKfTqan9YDtgEi5g@mail.gmail.com
Fixes: 78f11a2557 ("mm: thp: fix /dev/zero MAP_PRIVATE and vm_flags cleanups")
Signed-off-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Reported-by: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: stable <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Andrea has found[1] a race condition on MMU-gather based TLB flush vs
split_huge_page() or shrinker which frees huge zero under us (patch 1/2
and 2/2 respectively).
With new THP refcounting, we don't need patch 1/2: mmu_gather keeps the
page pinned until flush is complete and the pin prevents the page from
being split under us.
We still need patch 2/2. This is simplified version of Andrea's patch.
We don't need fancy encoding.
[1] http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1447938052-22165-1-git-send-email-aarcange@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Reported-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: "Aneesh Kumar K.V" <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
!PageLRU should lead to SCAN_PAGE_LRU, not SCAN_SCAN_ABORT result.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Ebru Akagunduz <ebru.akagunduz@gmail.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Highlights:
- Restructure Linux PTE on Book3S/64 to Radix format from Paul Mackerras
- Book3s 64 MMU cleanup in preparation for Radix MMU from Aneesh Kumar K.V
- Add POWER9 cputable entry from Michael Neuling
- FPU/Altivec/VSX save/restore optimisations from Cyril Bur
- Add support for new ftrace ABI on ppc64le from Torsten Duwe
Various cleanups & minor fixes from:
- Adam Buchbinder, Andrew Donnellan, Balbir Singh, Christophe Leroy, Cyril
Bur, Luis Henriques, Madhavan Srinivasan, Pan Xinhui, Russell Currey,
Sukadev Bhattiprolu, Suraj Jitindar Singh.
General:
- atomics: Allow architectures to define their own __atomic_op_* helpers from
Boqun Feng
- Implement atomic{, 64}_*_return_* variants and acquire/release/relaxed
variants for (cmp)xchg from Boqun Feng
- Add powernv_defconfig from Jeremy Kerr
- Fix BUG_ON() reporting in real mode from Balbir Singh
- Add xmon command to dump OPAL msglog from Andrew Donnellan
- Add xmon command to dump process/task similar to ps(1) from Douglas Miller
- Clean up memory hotplug failure paths from David Gibson
pci/eeh:
- Redesign SR-IOV on PowerNV to give absolute isolation between VFs from Wei
Yang.
- EEH Support for SRIOV VFs from Wei Yang and Gavin Shan.
- PCI/IOV: Rename and export virtfn_{add, remove} from Wei Yang
- PCI: Add pcibios_bus_add_device() weak function from Wei Yang
- MAINTAINERS: Update EEH details and maintainership from Russell Currey
cxl:
- Support added to the CXL driver for running on both bare-metal and
hypervisor systems, from Christophe Lombard and Frederic Barrat.
- Ignore probes for virtual afu pci devices from Vaibhav Jain
perf:
- Export Power8 generic and cache events to sysfs from Sukadev Bhattiprolu
- hv-24x7: Fix usage with chip events, display change in counter values,
display domain indices in sysfs, eliminate domain suffix in event names,
from Sukadev Bhattiprolu
Freescale:
- Updates from Scott: "Highlights include 8xx optimizations, 32-bit checksum
optimizations, 86xx consolidation, e5500/e6500 cpu hotplug, more fman and
other dt bits, and minor fixes/cleanup."
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Merge tag 'powerpc-4.6-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/powerpc/linux
Pull powerpc updates from Michael Ellerman:
"This was delayed a day or two by some build-breakage on old toolchains
which we've now fixed.
There's two PCI commits both acked by Bjorn.
There's one commit to mm/hugepage.c which is (co)authored by Kirill.
Highlights:
- Restructure Linux PTE on Book3S/64 to Radix format from Paul
Mackerras
- Book3s 64 MMU cleanup in preparation for Radix MMU from Aneesh
Kumar K.V
- Add POWER9 cputable entry from Michael Neuling
- FPU/Altivec/VSX save/restore optimisations from Cyril Bur
- Add support for new ftrace ABI on ppc64le from Torsten Duwe
Various cleanups & minor fixes from:
- Adam Buchbinder, Andrew Donnellan, Balbir Singh, Christophe Leroy,
Cyril Bur, Luis Henriques, Madhavan Srinivasan, Pan Xinhui, Russell
Currey, Sukadev Bhattiprolu, Suraj Jitindar Singh.
General:
- atomics: Allow architectures to define their own __atomic_op_*
helpers from Boqun Feng
- Implement atomic{, 64}_*_return_* variants and acquire/release/
relaxed variants for (cmp)xchg from Boqun Feng
- Add powernv_defconfig from Jeremy Kerr
- Fix BUG_ON() reporting in real mode from Balbir Singh
- Add xmon command to dump OPAL msglog from Andrew Donnellan
- Add xmon command to dump process/task similar to ps(1) from Douglas
Miller
- Clean up memory hotplug failure paths from David Gibson
pci/eeh:
- Redesign SR-IOV on PowerNV to give absolute isolation between VFs
from Wei Yang.
- EEH Support for SRIOV VFs from Wei Yang and Gavin Shan.
- PCI/IOV: Rename and export virtfn_{add, remove} from Wei Yang
- PCI: Add pcibios_bus_add_device() weak function from Wei Yang
- MAINTAINERS: Update EEH details and maintainership from Russell
Currey
cxl:
- Support added to the CXL driver for running on both bare-metal and
hypervisor systems, from Christophe Lombard and Frederic Barrat.
- Ignore probes for virtual afu pci devices from Vaibhav Jain
perf:
- Export Power8 generic and cache events to sysfs from Sukadev
Bhattiprolu
- hv-24x7: Fix usage with chip events, display change in counter
values, display domain indices in sysfs, eliminate domain suffix in
event names, from Sukadev Bhattiprolu
Freescale:
- Updates from Scott: "Highlights include 8xx optimizations, 32-bit
checksum optimizations, 86xx consolidation, e5500/e6500 cpu
hotplug, more fman and other dt bits, and minor fixes/cleanup"
* tag 'powerpc-4.6-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/powerpc/linux: (179 commits)
powerpc: Fix unrecoverable SLB miss during restore_math()
powerpc/8xx: Fix do_mtspr_cpu6() build on older compilers
powerpc/rcpm: Fix build break when SMP=n
powerpc/book3e-64: Use hardcoded mttmr opcode
powerpc/fsl/dts: Add "jedec,spi-nor" flash compatible
powerpc/T104xRDB: add tdm riser card node to device tree
powerpc32: PAGE_EXEC required for inittext
powerpc/mpc85xx: Add pcsphy nodes to FManV3 device tree
powerpc/mpc85xx: Add MDIO bus muxing support to the board device tree(s)
powerpc/86xx: Introduce and use common dtsi
powerpc/86xx: Update device tree
powerpc/86xx: Move dts files to fsl directory
powerpc/86xx: Switch to kconfig fragments approach
powerpc/86xx: Update defconfigs
powerpc/86xx: Consolidate common platform code
powerpc32: Remove one insn in mulhdu
powerpc32: small optimisation in flush_icache_range()
powerpc: Simplify test in __dma_sync()
powerpc32: move xxxxx_dcache_range() functions inline
powerpc32: Remove clear_pages() and define clear_page() inline
...
split_huge_pmd() tries to munlock page with munlock_vma_page(). That
requires the page to locked.
If the is locked by caller, we would get a deadlock:
Unable to find swap-space signature
INFO: task trinity-c85:1907 blocked for more than 120 seconds.
Not tainted 4.4.0-00032-gf19d0bdced41-dirty #1606
"echo 0 > /proc/sys/kernel/hung_task_timeout_secs" disables this message.
trinity-c85 D ffff88084d997608 0 1907 309 0x00000000
Call Trace:
schedule+0x9f/0x1c0
schedule_timeout+0x48e/0x600
io_schedule_timeout+0x1c3/0x390
bit_wait_io+0x29/0xd0
__wait_on_bit_lock+0x94/0x140
__lock_page+0x1d4/0x280
__split_huge_pmd+0x5a8/0x10f0
split_huge_pmd_address+0x1d9/0x230
try_to_unmap_one+0x540/0xc70
rmap_walk_anon+0x284/0x810
rmap_walk_locked+0x11e/0x190
try_to_unmap+0x1b1/0x4b0
split_huge_page_to_list+0x49d/0x18a0
follow_page_mask+0xa36/0xea0
SyS_move_pages+0xaf3/0x1570
entry_SYSCALL_64_fastpath+0x12/0x6b
2 locks held by trinity-c85/1907:
#0: (&mm->mmap_sem){++++++}, at: SyS_move_pages+0x933/0x1570
#1: (&anon_vma->rwsem){++++..}, at: split_huge_page_to_list+0x402/0x18a0
I don't think the deadlock is triggerable without split_huge_page()
simplifilcation patchset.
But munlock_vma_page() here is wrong: we want to munlock the page
unconditionally, no need in rmap lookup, that munlock_vma_page() does.
Let's use clear_page_mlock() instead. It can be called under ptl.
Fixes: e90309c9f7 ("thp: allow mlocked THP again")
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
freeze_page() and unfreeze_page() helpers evolved in rather complex
beasts. It would be nice to cut complexity of this code.
This patch rewrites freeze_page() using standard try_to_unmap().
unfreeze_page() is rewritten with remove_migration_ptes().
The result is much simpler.
But the new variant is somewhat slower for PTE-mapped THPs. Current
helpers iterates over VMAs the compound page is mapped to, and then over
ptes within this VMA. New helpers iterates over small page, then over
VMA the small page mapped to, and only then find relevant pte.
We have short cut for PMD-mapped THP: we directly install migration
entries on PMD split.
I don't think the slowdown is critical, considering how much simpler
result is and that split_huge_page() is quite rare nowadays. It only
happens due memory pressure or migration.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Add support for two ttu_flags:
- TTU_SPLIT_HUGE_PMD would split PMD if it's there, before trying to
unmap page;
- TTU_RMAP_LOCKED indicates that caller holds relevant rmap lock;
Also, change rwc->done to !page_mapcount() instead of !page_mapped().
try_to_unmap() works on pte level, so we are really interested in the
mappedness of this small page rather than of the compound page it's a
part of.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Kernel style prefers a single string over split strings when the string is
'user-visible'.
Miscellanea:
- Add a missing newline
- Realign arguments
Signed-off-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Acked-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org> [percpu]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The success of CMA allocation largely depends on the success of
migration and key factor of it is page reference count. Until now, page
reference is manipulated by direct calling atomic functions so we cannot
follow up who and where manipulate it. Then, it is hard to find actual
reason of CMA allocation failure. CMA allocation should be guaranteed
to succeed so finding offending place is really important.
In this patch, call sites where page reference is manipulated are
converted to introduced wrapper function. This is preparation step to
add tracepoint to each page reference manipulation function. With this
facility, we can easily find reason of CMA allocation failure. There is
no functional change in this patch.
In addition, this patch also converts reference read sites. It will
help a second step that renames page._count to something else and
prevents later attempt to direct access to it (Suggested by Andrew).
Signed-off-by: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Acked-by: Michal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky.work@gmail.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
THP defrag is enabled by default to direct reclaim/compact but not wake
kswapd in the event of a THP allocation failure. The problem is that
THP allocation requests potentially enter reclaim/compaction. This
potentially incurs a severe stall that is not guaranteed to be offset by
reduced TLB misses. While there has been considerable effort to reduce
the impact of reclaim/compaction, it is still a high cost and workloads
that should fit in memory fail to do so. Specifically, a simple
anon/file streaming workload will enter direct reclaim on NUMA at least
even though the working set size is 80% of RAM. It's been years and
it's time to throw in the towel.
First, this patch defines THP defrag as follows;
madvise: A failed allocation will direct reclaim/compact if the application requests it
never: Neither reclaim/compact nor wake kswapd
defer: A failed allocation will wake kswapd/kcompactd
always: A failed allocation will direct reclaim/compact (historical behaviour)
khugepaged defrag will enter direct/reclaim but not wake kswapd.
Next it sets the default defrag option to be "madvise" to only enter
direct reclaim/compaction for applications that specifically requested
it.
Lastly, it removes a check from the page allocator slowpath that is
related to __GFP_THISNODE to allow "defer" to work. The callers that
really cares are slub/slab and they are updated accordingly. The slab
one may be surprising because it also corrects a comment as kswapd was
never woken up by that path.
This means that a THP fault will no longer stall for most applications
by default and the ideal for most users that get THP if they are
immediately available. There are still options for users that prefer a
stall at startup of a new application by either restoring historical
behaviour with "always" or pick a half-way point with "defer" where
kswapd does some of the work in the background and wakes kcompactd if
necessary. THP defrag for khugepaged remains enabled and will enter
direct/reclaim but no wakeup kswapd or kcompactd.
After this patch a THP allocation failure will quickly fallback and rely
on khugepaged to recover the situation at some time in the future. In
some cases, this will reduce THP usage but the benefit of THP is hard to
measure and not a universal win where as a stall to reclaim/compaction
is definitely measurable and can be painful.
The first test for this is using "usemem" to read a large file and write
a large anonymous mapping (to avoid the zero page) multiple times. The
total size of the mappings is 80% of RAM and the benchmark simply
measures how long it takes to complete. It uses multiple threads to see
if that is a factor. On UMA, the performance is almost identical so is
not reported but on NUMA, we see this
usemem
4.4.0 4.4.0
kcompactd-v1r1 nodefrag-v1r3
Amean System-1 102.86 ( 0.00%) 46.81 ( 54.50%)
Amean System-4 37.85 ( 0.00%) 34.02 ( 10.12%)
Amean System-7 48.12 ( 0.00%) 46.89 ( 2.56%)
Amean System-12 51.98 ( 0.00%) 56.96 ( -9.57%)
Amean System-21 80.16 ( 0.00%) 79.05 ( 1.39%)
Amean System-30 110.71 ( 0.00%) 107.17 ( 3.20%)
Amean System-48 127.98 ( 0.00%) 124.83 ( 2.46%)
Amean Elapsd-1 185.84 ( 0.00%) 105.51 ( 43.23%)
Amean Elapsd-4 26.19 ( 0.00%) 25.58 ( 2.33%)
Amean Elapsd-7 21.65 ( 0.00%) 21.62 ( 0.16%)
Amean Elapsd-12 18.58 ( 0.00%) 17.94 ( 3.43%)
Amean Elapsd-21 17.53 ( 0.00%) 16.60 ( 5.33%)
Amean Elapsd-30 17.45 ( 0.00%) 17.13 ( 1.84%)
Amean Elapsd-48 15.40 ( 0.00%) 15.27 ( 0.82%)
For a single thread, the benchmark completes 43.23% faster with this
patch applied with smaller benefits as the thread increases. Similar,
notice the large reduction in most cases in system CPU usage. The
overall CPU time is
4.4.0 4.4.0
kcompactd-v1r1 nodefrag-v1r3
User 10357.65 10438.33
System 3988.88 3543.94
Elapsed 2203.01 1634.41
Which is substantial. Now, the reclaim figures
4.4.0 4.4.0
kcompactd-v1r1nodefrag-v1r3
Minor Faults 128458477 278352931
Major Faults 2174976 225
Swap Ins 16904701 0
Swap Outs 17359627 0
Allocation stalls 43611 0
DMA allocs 0 0
DMA32 allocs 19832646 19448017
Normal allocs 614488453 580941839
Movable allocs 0 0
Direct pages scanned 24163800 0
Kswapd pages scanned 0 0
Kswapd pages reclaimed 0 0
Direct pages reclaimed 20691346 0
Compaction stalls 42263 0
Compaction success 938 0
Compaction failures 41325 0
This patch eliminates almost all swapping and direct reclaim activity.
There is still overhead but it's from NUMA balancing which does not
identify that it's pointless trying to do anything with this workload.
I also tried the thpscale benchmark which forces a corner case where
compaction can be used heavily and measures the latency of whether base
or huge pages were used
thpscale Fault Latencies
4.4.0 4.4.0
kcompactd-v1r1 nodefrag-v1r3
Amean fault-base-1 5288.84 ( 0.00%) 2817.12 ( 46.73%)
Amean fault-base-3 6365.53 ( 0.00%) 3499.11 ( 45.03%)
Amean fault-base-5 6526.19 ( 0.00%) 4363.06 ( 33.15%)
Amean fault-base-7 7142.25 ( 0.00%) 4858.08 ( 31.98%)
Amean fault-base-12 13827.64 ( 0.00%) 10292.11 ( 25.57%)
Amean fault-base-18 18235.07 ( 0.00%) 13788.84 ( 24.38%)
Amean fault-base-24 21597.80 ( 0.00%) 24388.03 (-12.92%)
Amean fault-base-30 26754.15 ( 0.00%) 19700.55 ( 26.36%)
Amean fault-base-32 26784.94 ( 0.00%) 19513.57 ( 27.15%)
Amean fault-huge-1 4223.96 ( 0.00%) 2178.57 ( 48.42%)
Amean fault-huge-3 2194.77 ( 0.00%) 2149.74 ( 2.05%)
Amean fault-huge-5 2569.60 ( 0.00%) 2346.95 ( 8.66%)
Amean fault-huge-7 3612.69 ( 0.00%) 2997.70 ( 17.02%)
Amean fault-huge-12 3301.75 ( 0.00%) 6727.02 (-103.74%)
Amean fault-huge-18 6696.47 ( 0.00%) 6685.72 ( 0.16%)
Amean fault-huge-24 8000.72 ( 0.00%) 9311.43 (-16.38%)
Amean fault-huge-30 13305.55 ( 0.00%) 9750.45 ( 26.72%)
Amean fault-huge-32 9981.71 ( 0.00%) 10316.06 ( -3.35%)
The average time to fault pages is substantially reduced in the majority
of caseds but with the obvious caveat that fewer THPs are actually used
in this adverse workload
4.4.0 4.4.0
kcompactd-v1r1 nodefrag-v1r3
Percentage huge-1 0.71 ( 0.00%) 14.04 (1865.22%)
Percentage huge-3 10.77 ( 0.00%) 33.05 (206.85%)
Percentage huge-5 60.39 ( 0.00%) 38.51 (-36.23%)
Percentage huge-7 45.97 ( 0.00%) 34.57 (-24.79%)
Percentage huge-12 68.12 ( 0.00%) 40.07 (-41.17%)
Percentage huge-18 64.93 ( 0.00%) 47.82 (-26.35%)
Percentage huge-24 62.69 ( 0.00%) 44.23 (-29.44%)
Percentage huge-30 43.49 ( 0.00%) 55.38 ( 27.34%)
Percentage huge-32 50.72 ( 0.00%) 51.90 ( 2.35%)
4.4.0 4.4.0
kcompactd-v1r1nodefrag-v1r3
Minor Faults 37429143 47564000
Major Faults 1916 1558
Swap Ins 1466 1079
Swap Outs 2936863 149626
Allocation stalls 62510 3
DMA allocs 0 0
DMA32 allocs 6566458 6401314
Normal allocs 216361697 216538171
Movable allocs 0 0
Direct pages scanned 25977580 17998
Kswapd pages scanned 0 3638931
Kswapd pages reclaimed 0 207236
Direct pages reclaimed 8833714 88
Compaction stalls 103349 5
Compaction success 270 4
Compaction failures 103079 1
Note again that while this does swap as it's an aggressive workload, the
direct relcim activity and allocation stalls is substantially reduced.
There is some kswapd activity but ftrace showed that the kswapd activity
was due to normal wakeups from 4K pages being allocated.
Compaction-related stalls and activity are almost eliminated.
I also tried the stutter benchmark. For this, I do not have figures for
NUMA but it's something that does impact UMA so I'll report what is
available
stutter
4.4.0 4.4.0
kcompactd-v1r1 nodefrag-v1r3
Min mmap 7.3571 ( 0.00%) 7.3438 ( 0.18%)
1st-qrtle mmap 7.5278 ( 0.00%) 17.9200 (-138.05%)
2nd-qrtle mmap 7.6818 ( 0.00%) 21.6055 (-181.25%)
3rd-qrtle mmap 11.0889 ( 0.00%) 21.8881 (-97.39%)
Max-90% mmap 27.8978 ( 0.00%) 22.1632 ( 20.56%)
Max-93% mmap 28.3202 ( 0.00%) 22.3044 ( 21.24%)
Max-95% mmap 28.5600 ( 0.00%) 22.4580 ( 21.37%)
Max-99% mmap 29.6032 ( 0.00%) 25.5216 ( 13.79%)
Max mmap 4109.7289 ( 0.00%) 4813.9832 (-17.14%)
Mean mmap 12.4474 ( 0.00%) 19.3027 (-55.07%)
This benchmark is trying to fault an anonymous mapping while there is a
heavy IO load -- a scenario that desktop users used to complain about
frequently. This shows a mix because the ideal case of mapping with THP
is not hit as often. However, note that 99% of the mappings complete
13.79% faster. The CPU usage here is particularly interesting
4.4.0 4.4.0
kcompactd-v1r1nodefrag-v1r3
User 67.50 0.99
System 1327.88 91.30
Elapsed 2079.00 2128.98
And once again we look at the reclaim figures
4.4.0 4.4.0
kcompactd-v1r1nodefrag-v1r3
Minor Faults 335241922 1314582827
Major Faults 715 819
Swap Ins 0 0
Swap Outs 0 0
Allocation stalls 532723 0
DMA allocs 0 0
DMA32 allocs 1822364341 1177950222
Normal allocs 1815640808 1517844854
Movable allocs 0 0
Direct pages scanned 21892772 0
Kswapd pages scanned 20015890 41879484
Kswapd pages reclaimed 19961986 41822072
Direct pages reclaimed 21892741 0
Compaction stalls 1065755 0
Compaction success 514 0
Compaction failures 1065241 0
Allocation stalls and all direct reclaim activity is eliminated as well
as compaction-related stalls.
THP gives impressive gains in some cases but only if they are quickly
available. We're not going to reach the point where they are completely
free so lets take the costs out of the fast paths finally and defer the
cost to kswapd, kcompactd and khugepaged where it belongs.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Count how many times we put a THP in split queue. Currently, it happens
on partial unmap of a THP.
Rapidly growing value can indicate that an application behaves
unfriendly wrt THP: often fault in huge page and then unmap part of it.
This leads to unnecessary memory fragmentation and the application may
require tuning.
The event also can help with debugging kernel [mis-]behaviour.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
After one of bugfixes to freeze_page(), we don't have freezed pages in
rmap, therefore mapcount of all subpages of freezed THP is zero. And we
have assert for that.
Let's drop code which deal with non-zero mapcount of subpages.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
With next generation power processor, we are having a new mmu model
[1] that require us to maintain a different linux page table format.
Inorder to support both current and future ppc64 systems with a single
kernel we need to make sure kernel can select between different page
table format at runtime. With the new MMU (radix MMU) added, we will
have two different pmd hugepage size 16MB for hash model and 2MB for
Radix model. Hence make HPAGE_PMD related values as a variable.
Actual conversion of HPAGE_PMD to a variable for ppc64 happens in a
followup patch.
[1] http://ibm.biz/power-isa3 (Needs registration).
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
- eeh: Fix partial hotplug criterion from Gavin Shan
- mm: Clear the invalid slot information correctly from Aneesh Kumar K.V
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Merge tag 'powerpc-4.5-4' into next
Pull in our current fixes from 4.5, in particular the "Fix Multi hit
ERAT" bug is causing folks some grief when testing next.
Sebastian Ott and Gerald Schaefer reported random crashes on s390.
It was bisected to my THP refcounting patchset.
The problem is that pmdp_invalidated() called with wrong virtual
address. It got offset up by HPAGE_PMD_SIZE by loop over ptes.
The solution is to introduce new variable to be used in loop and don't
touch 'haddr'.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Reported-and-tested-by: Gerald Schaefer <gerald.schaefer@de.ibm.com>
Reported-and-tested-by Sebastian Ott <sebott@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
- Fix build error on 32-bit with checkpoint restart from Aneesh Kumar
- Fix dedotify for binutils >= 2.26 from Andreas Schwab
- Don't trace hcalls on offline CPUs from Denis Kirjanov
- eeh: Fix stale cached primary bus from Gavin Shan
- eeh: Fix stale PE primary bus from Gavin Shan
- mm: Fix Multi hit ERAT cause by recent THP update from Aneesh Kumar K.V
- ioda: Set "read" permission when "write" is set from Alexey Kardashevskiy
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Merge tag 'powerpc-4.5-3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/powerpc/linux
Pull powerpc fixes from Michael Ellerman:
- Fix build error on 32-bit with checkpoint restart from Aneesh Kumar
- Fix dedotify for binutils >= 2.26 from Andreas Schwab
- Don't trace hcalls on offline CPUs from Denis Kirjanov
- eeh: Fix stale cached primary bus from Gavin Shan
- eeh: Fix stale PE primary bus from Gavin Shan
- mm: Fix Multi hit ERAT cause by recent THP update from Aneesh Kumar K.V
- ioda: Set "read" permission when "write" is set from Alexey Kardashevskiy
* tag 'powerpc-4.5-3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/powerpc/linux:
powerpc/ioda: Set "read" permission when "write" is set
powerpc/mm: Fix Multi hit ERAT cause by recent THP update
powerpc/powernv: Fix stale PE primary bus
powerpc/eeh: Fix stale cached primary bus
powerpc/pseries: Don't trace hcalls on offline CPUs
powerpc: Fix dedotify for binutils >= 2.26
powerpc/book3s_32: Fix build error with checkpoint restart
DAX doesn't deposit pgtables when it maps huge pages: nothing to
withdraw. It can lead to crash.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
With ppc64 we use the deposited pgtable_t to store the hash pte slot
information. We should not withdraw the deposited pgtable_t without
marking the pmd none. This ensure that low level hash fault handling
will skip this huge pte and we will handle them at upper levels.
Recent change to pmd splitting changed the above in order to handle the
race between pmd split and exit_mmap. The race is explained below.
Consider following race:
CPU0 CPU1
shrink_page_list()
add_to_swap()
split_huge_page_to_list()
__split_huge_pmd_locked()
pmdp_huge_clear_flush_notify()
// pmd_none() == true
exit_mmap()
unmap_vmas()
zap_pmd_range()
// no action on pmd since pmd_none() == true
pmd_populate()
As result the THP will not be freed. The leak is detected by check_mm():
BUG: Bad rss-counter state mm:ffff880058d2e580 idx:1 val:512
The above required us to not mark pmd none during a pmd split.
The fix for ppc is to clear the huge pte of _PAGE_USER, so that low
level fault handling code skip this pte. At higher level we do take ptl
lock. That should serialze us against the pmd split. Once the lock is
acquired we do check the pmd again using pmd_same. That should always
return false for us and hence we should retry the access. We do the
pmd_same check in all case after taking plt with
THP (do_huge_pmd_wp_page, do_huge_pmd_numa_page and
huge_pmd_set_accessed)
Also make sure we wait for irq disable section in other cpus to finish
before flipping a huge pte entry with a regular pmd entry. Code paths
like find_linux_pte_or_hugepte depend on irq disable to get
a stable pte_t pointer. A parallel thp split need to make sure we
don't convert a pmd pte to a regular pmd entry without waiting for the
irq disable section to finish.
Fixes: eef1b3ba05 ("thp: implement split_huge_pmd()")
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
We need to iterate over split_queue, not local empty list to get
anything split from the shrinker.
Fixes: e3ae19535c ("thp: limit number of object to scan on deferred_split_scan()")
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We allocate a pgtable but do not attach it to anything if the PMD is in
a DAX VMA, causing it to leak.
We certainly try to not free pgtables associated with the huge zero page
if the zero page is in a DAX VMA, so I think this is the right solution.
This needs to be properly audited.
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <matthew.r.wilcox@intel.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
If we have a lot of pages in queue to be split, deferred_split_scan()
can spend unreasonable amount of time under spinlock with disabled
interrupts.
Let's cap number of pages to split on scan by sc->nr_to_scan.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Reported-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: "Aneesh Kumar K.V" <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
I've got meaning of shrinker::count_objects() wrong: it should return
number of potentially freeable objects, which is not necessary correlate
with freeable memory.
Returning 256 per THP in queue is not reasonable:
shrinker::scan_objects() never called with nr_to_scan > 128 in my setup.
Let's return 1 per THP and correct scan_object accordingly.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: "Aneesh Kumar K.V" <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
After THP refcounting rework we have only two possible return values
from pmd_trans_huge_lock(): success and failure. Return-by-pointer for
ptl doesn't make much sense in this case.
Let's convert pmd_trans_huge_lock() to return ptl on success and NULL on
failure.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Suggested-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
A newly added tracepoint in the hugepage code uses a variable in the
error handling that is not initialized at that point:
include/trace/events/huge_memory.h:81:230: error: 'isolated' may be used uninitialized in this function [-Werror=maybe-uninitialized]
The result is relatively harmless, as the trace data will in rare
cases contain incorrect data.
This works around the problem by adding an explicit initialization.
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Fixes: 7d2eba0557 ("mm: add tracepoint for scanning pages")
Reviewed-by: Ebru Akagunduz <ebru.akagunduz@gmail.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill@shutemov.name>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit b8d3c4c300 ("mm/huge_memory.c: don't split THP page when
MADV_FREE syscall is called") introduced this new function, but got the
error handling for when pmd_trans_huge_lock() fails wrong. In the
failure case, the lock has not been taken, and we should not unlock on
the way out.
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
A dax mapping establishes a pte with _PAGE_DEVMAP set when the driver
has established a devm_memremap_pages() mapping, i.e. when the pfn_t
return from ->direct_access() has PFN_DEV and PFN_MAP set. Later, when
encountering _PAGE_DEVMAP during a page table walk we lookup and pin a
struct dev_pagemap instance to keep the result of pfn_to_page() valid
until put_page().
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Tested-by: Logan Gunthorpe <logang@deltatee.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave@sr71.net>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
A dax-huge-page mapping while it uses some thp helpers is ultimately not
a transparent huge page. The distinction is especially important in the
get_user_pages() path. pmd_devmap() is used to distinguish dax-pmds
from pmd_huge() and pmd_trans_huge() which have slightly different
semantics.
Explicitly mark the pmd_trans_huge() helpers that dax needs by adding
pmd_devmap() checks.
[kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com: fix regression in handling mlocked pages in __split_huge_pmd()]
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave@sr71.net>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Similar to the conversion of vm_insert_mixed() use pfn_t in the
vmf_insert_pfn_pmd() to tag the resulting pte with _PAGE_DEVICE when the
pfn is backed by a devm_memremap_pages() mapping.
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave@sr71.net>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Prior to this change DAX PMD mappings that were made read-only were
never able to be made writable again. This is because the code in
insert_pfn_pmd() that calls pmd_mkdirty() and pmd_mkwrite() would skip
these calls if the PMD already existed in the page table.
Instead, if we are doing a write always mark the PMD entry as dirty and
writeable. Without this code we can get into a condition where we mark
the PMD as read-only, and then on a subsequent write fault we get into
an infinite loop of PMD faults where we try unsuccessfully to make the
PMD writeable.
Signed-off-by: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Reported-by: Jeff Moyer <jmoyer@redhat.com>
Reported-by: Toshi Kani <toshi.kani@hpe.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Sasha Levin has reported KASAN out-of-bounds bug[1]. It points to "if
(!is_swap_pte(pte[i]))" in unfreeze_page_vma() as a problematic access.
The cause is that split_huge_page() doesn't handle THP correctly if it's
not allingned to PMD boundary. It can happen after mremap().
Test-case (not always triggers the bug):
#define _GNU_SOURCE
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <sys/mman.h>
#define MB (1024UL*1024)
#define SIZE (2*MB)
#define BASE ((void *)0x400000000000)
int main()
{
char *p;
p = mmap(BASE, SIZE, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE,
MAP_FIXED | MAP_PRIVATE | MAP_ANONYMOUS | MAP_POPULATE,
-1, 0);
if (p == MAP_FAILED)
perror("mmap"), exit(1);
p = mremap(BASE, SIZE, SIZE, MREMAP_FIXED | MREMAP_MAYMOVE,
BASE + SIZE + 8192);
if (p == MAP_FAILED)
perror("mremap"), exit(1);
system("echo 1 > /sys/kernel/debug/split_huge_pages");
return 0;
}
The patch fixes freeze and unfreeze paths to handle page table boundary
crossing.
It also makes mapcount vs count check in split_huge_page_to_list()
stricter:
- after freeze we don't expect any subpage mapped as we remove them
from rmap when setting up migration entries;
- count must be 1, meaning only caller has reference to the page;
[1] https://gist.github.com/sashalevin/c67fbea55e7c0576972a
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Reported-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We don't need to split THP page when MADV_FREE syscall is called if
[start, len] is aligned with THP size. The split could be done when VM
decide to free it in reclaim path if memory pressure is heavy. With
that, we could avoid unnecessary THP split.
For the feature, this patch changes pte dirtness marking logic of THP.
Now, it marks every ptes of pages dirty unconditionally in splitting,
which makes MADV_FREE void. So, instead, this patch propagates pmd
dirtiness to all pages via PG_dirty and restores pte dirtiness from
PG_dirty. With this, if pmd is clean(ie, MADV_FREEed) when split
happens(e,g, shrink_page_list), all of pages are clean too so we could
discard them.
Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <jejb@parisc-linux.org>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Shaohua Li <shli@kernel.org>
Cc: <yalin.wang2010@gmail.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Chen Gang <gang.chen.5i5j@gmail.com>
Cc: Chris Zankel <chris@zankel.net>
Cc: Daniel Micay <danielmicay@gmail.com>
Cc: Darrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Cc: Ivan Kokshaysky <ink@jurassic.park.msu.ru>
Cc: Jason Evans <je@fb.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: KOSAKI Motohiro <kosaki.motohiro@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Cc: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Mika Penttil <mika.penttila@nextfour.com>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Roland Dreier <roland@kernel.org>
Cc: Russell King <rmk@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Shaohua Li <shli@kernel.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Wu Fengguang <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
During freeze_page(), we remove the page from rmap. It munlocks the
page if it was mlocked. clear_page_mlock() uses thelru cache, which
temporary pins the page.
Let's drain the lru cache before checking page's count vs. mapcount.
The change makes mlocked page split on first attempt, if it was not
pinned by somebody else.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Writing 1 into 'split_huge_pages' will try to find and split all huge
pages in the system. This is useful for debuging.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix printk text, per Vlastimil]
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Both page_referenced() and page_idle_clear_pte_refs_one() assume that
THP can only be mapped with PMD, so there's no reason to look on PTEs
for PageTransHuge() pages. That's no true anymore: THP can be mapped
with PTEs too.
The patch removes PageTransHuge() test from the functions and opencode
page table check.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Before THP refcounting rework, THP was not allowed to cross VMA
boundary. So, if we have THP and we split it, PG_mlocked can be safely
transferred to small pages.
With new THP refcounting and naive approach to mlocking we can end up
with this scenario:
1. we have a mlocked THP, which belong to one VM_LOCKED VMA.
2. the process does munlock() on the *part* of the THP:
- the VMA is split into two, one of them VM_LOCKED;
- huge PMD split into PTE table;
- THP is still mlocked;
3. split_huge_page():
- it transfers PG_mlocked to *all* small pages regrardless if it
blong to any VM_LOCKED VMA.
We probably could munlock() all small pages on split_huge_page(), but I
think we have accounting issue already on step two.
Instead of forbidding mlocked pages altogether, we just avoid mlocking
PTE-mapped THPs and munlock THPs on split_huge_pmd().
This means PTE-mapped THPs will be on normal lru lists and will be split
under memory pressure by vmscan. After the split vmscan will detect
unevictable small pages and mlock them.
With this approach we shouldn't hit situation like described above.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Steve Capper <steve.capper@linaro.org>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Currently we don't split huge page on partial unmap. It's not an ideal
situation. It can lead to memory overhead.
Furtunately, we can detect partial unmap on page_remove_rmap(). But we
cannot call split_huge_page() from there due to locking context.
It's also counterproductive to do directly from munmap() codepath: in
many cases we will hit this from exit(2) and splitting the huge page
just to free it up in small pages is not what we really want.
The patch introduce deferred_split_huge_page() which put the huge page
into queue for splitting. The splitting itself will happen when we get
memory pressure via shrinker interface. The page will be dropped from
list on freeing through compound page destructor.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Tested-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Tested-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Steve Capper <steve.capper@linaro.org>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This patch adds implementation of split_huge_page() for new
refcountings.
Unlike previous implementation, new split_huge_page() can fail if
somebody holds GUP pin on the page. It also means that pin on page
would prevent it from bening split under you. It makes situation in
many places much cleaner.
The basic scheme of split_huge_page():
- Check that sum of mapcounts of all subpage is equal to page_count()
plus one (caller pin). Foll off with -EBUSY. This way we can avoid
useless PMD-splits.
- Freeze the page counters by splitting all PMD and setup migration
PTEs.
- Re-check sum of mapcounts against page_count(). Page's counts are
stable now. -EBUSY if page is pinned.
- Split compound page.
- Unfreeze the page by removing migration entries.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Tested-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Tested-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Steve Capper <steve.capper@linaro.org>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We are going to use migration PTE entries to stabilize page counts. If
the page is mapped with PMDs we need to split the PMD and setup
migration entries. It's reasonable to combine these operations to avoid
double-scanning over the page table.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Tested-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Tested-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Steve Capper <steve.capper@linaro.org>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Original split_huge_page() combined two operations: splitting PMDs into
tables of PTEs and splitting underlying compound page. This patch
implements split_huge_pmd() which split given PMD without splitting
other PMDs this page mapped with or underlying compound page.
Without tail page refcounting, implementation of split_huge_pmd() is
pretty straight-forward.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Tested-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Tested-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Steve Capper <steve.capper@linaro.org>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We're going to allow mapping of individual 4k pages of THP compound. It
means we need to track mapcount on per small page basis.
Straight-forward approach is to use ->_mapcount in all subpages to track
how many time this subpage is mapped with PMDs or PTEs combined. But
this is rather expensive: mapping or unmapping of a THP page with PMD
would require HPAGE_PMD_NR atomic operations instead of single we have
now.
The idea is to store separately how many times the page was mapped as
whole -- compound_mapcount. This frees up ->_mapcount in subpages to
track PTE mapcount.
We use the same approach as with compound page destructor and compound
order to store compound_mapcount: use space in first tail page,
->mapping this time.
Any time we map/unmap whole compound page (THP or hugetlb) -- we
increment/decrement compound_mapcount. When we map part of compound
page with PTE we operate on ->_mapcount of the subpage.
page_mapcount() counts both: PTE and PMD mappings of the page.
Basically, we have mapcount for a subpage spread over two counters. It
makes tricky to detect when last mapcount for a page goes away.
We introduced PageDoubleMap() for this. When we split THP PMD for the
first time and there's other PMD mapping left we offset up ->_mapcount
in all subpages by one and set PG_double_map on the compound page.
These additional references go away with last compound_mapcount.
This approach provides a way to detect when last mapcount goes away on
per small page basis without introducing new overhead for most common
cases.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix typo in comment]
[mhocko@suse.com: ignore partial THP when moving task]
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Tested-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Steve Capper <steve.capper@linaro.org>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Tail page refcounting is utterly complicated and painful to support.
It uses ->_mapcount on tail pages to store how many times this page is
pinned. get_page() bumps ->_mapcount on tail page in addition to
->_count on head. This information is required by split_huge_page() to
be able to distribute pins from head of compound page to tails during
the split.
We will need ->_mapcount to account PTE mappings of subpages of the
compound page. We eliminate need in current meaning of ->_mapcount in
tail pages by forbidding split entirely if the page is pinned.
The only user of tail page refcounting is THP which is marked BROKEN for
now.
Let's drop all this mess. It makes get_page() and put_page() much
simpler.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Tested-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Tested-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Steve Capper <steve.capper@linaro.org>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We will re-introduce new version with new refcounting later in patchset.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Tested-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Tested-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Steve Capper <steve.capper@linaro.org>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The patch replaces THP_SPLIT with tree events: THP_SPLIT_PAGE,
THP_SPLIT_PAGE_FAILED and THP_SPLIT_PMD. It reflects the fact that we
are going to be able split PMD without the compound page and that
split_huge_page() can fail.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Tested-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Tested-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Steve Capper <steve.capper@linaro.org>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Prepare khugepaged to see compound pages mapped with pte. For now we
won't collapse the pmd table with such pte.
khugepaged is subject for future rework wrt new refcounting.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Tested-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Tested-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Steve Capper <steve.capper@linaro.org>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
With new refcounting THP can belong to several VMAs. This makes tricky
to track THP pages, when they partially mlocked. It can lead to leaking
mlocked pages to non-VM_LOCKED vmas and other problems.
With this patch we will split all pages on mlock and avoid
fault-in/collapse new THP in VM_LOCKED vmas.
I've tried alternative approach: do not mark THP pages mlocked and keep
them on normal LRUs. This way vmscan could try to split huge pages on
memory pressure and free up subpages which doesn't belong to VM_LOCKED
vmas. But this is user-visible change: we screw up Mlocked accouting
reported in meminfo, so I had to leave this approach aside.
We can bring something better later, but this should be good enough for
now.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Tested-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Tested-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Steve Capper <steve.capper@linaro.org>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
With new refcounting we will be able map the same compound page with
PTEs and PMDs. It requires adjustment to conditions when we can reuse
the page on write-protection fault.
For PTE fault we can't reuse the page if it's part of huge page.
For PMD we can only reuse the page if nobody else maps the huge page or
it's part. We can do it by checking page_mapcount() on each sub-page,
but it's expensive.
The cheaper way is to check page_count() to be equal 1: every mapcount
takes page reference, so this way we can guarantee, that the PMD is the
only mapping.
This approach can give false negative if somebody pinned the page, but
that doesn't affect correctness.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Tested-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Tested-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Steve Capper <steve.capper@linaro.org>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
As with rmap, with new refcounting we cannot rely on PageTransHuge() to
check if we need to charge size of huge page form the cgroup. We need
to get information from caller to know whether it was mapped with PMD or
PTE.
We do uncharge when last reference on the page gone. At that point if
we see PageTransHuge() it means we need to unchange whole huge page.
The tricky part is partial unmap -- when we try to unmap part of huge
page. We don't do a special handing of this situation, meaning we don't
uncharge the part of huge page unless last user is gone or
split_huge_page() is triggered. In case of cgroup memory pressure
happens the partial unmapped page will be split through shrinker. This
should be good enough.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Tested-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Tested-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Steve Capper <steve.capper@linaro.org>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We're going to allow mapping of individual 4k pages of THP compound
page. It means we cannot rely on PageTransHuge() check to decide if
map/unmap small page or THP.
The patch adds new argument to rmap functions to indicate whether we
want to operate on whole compound page or only the small page.
[n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com: fix mapcount mismatch in hugepage migration]
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Tested-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Tested-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Steve Capper <steve.capper@linaro.org>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We don't define meaning of page->mapping for tail pages. Currently it's
always NULL, which can be inconsistent with head page and potentially
lead to problems.
Let's poison the pointer to catch all illigal uses.
page_rmapping(), page_mapping() and page_anon_vma() are changed to look
on head page.
The only illegal use I've caught so far is __GPF_COMP pages from sound
subsystem, mapped with PTEs. do_shared_fault() is changed to use
page_rmapping() instead of direct access to fault_page->mapping.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Jérôme Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Steve Capper <steve.capper@linaro.org>
Cc: "Aneesh Kumar K.V" <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This patch series makes swapin readahead up to a certain number to gain
more thp performance and adds tracepoint for khugepaged_scan_pmd,
collapse_huge_page, __collapse_huge_page_isolate.
This patch series was written to deal with programs that access most,
but not all, of their memory after they get swapped out. Currently
these programs do not get their memory collapsed into THPs after the
system swapped their memory out, while they would get THPs before
swapping happened.
This patch series was tested with a test program, it allocates 400MB of
memory, writes to it, and then sleeps. I force the system to swap out
all. Afterwards, the test program touches the area by writing and
leaves a piece of it without writing. This shows how much swap in
readahead made by the patch.
Test results:
After swapped out
-------------------------------------------------------------------
| Anonymous | AnonHugePages | Swap | Fraction |
-------------------------------------------------------------------
With patch | 90076 kB | 88064 kB | 309928 kB | %99 |
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Without patch | 194068 kB | 192512 kB | 205936 kB | %99 |
-------------------------------------------------------------------
After swapped in
-------------------------------------------------------------------
| Anonymous | AnonHugePages | Swap | Fraction |
-------------------------------------------------------------------
With patch | 201408 kB | 198656 kB | 198596 kB | %98 |
-------------------------------------------------------------------
Without patch | 292624 kB | 192512 kB | 107380 kB | %65 |
-------------------------------------------------------------------
This patch (of 3):
Using static tracepoints, data of functions is recorded. It is good to
automatize debugging without doing a lot of changes in the source code.
This patch adds tracepoint for khugepaged_scan_pmd, collapse_huge_page
and __collapse_huge_page_isolate.
[dan.carpenter@oracle.com: add a missing tab]
Signed-off-by: Ebru Akagunduz <ebru.akagunduz@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Xie XiuQi <xiexiuqi@huawei.com>
Cc: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
MADV_NOHUGEPAGE processing is too restrictive. kvm already disables
hugepage but hugepage_madvise() takes the error path when we ask to turn
on the MADV_NOHUGEPAGE bit and the bit is already on. This causes Qemu's
new postcopy migration feature to fail on s390 because its first action is
to madvise the guest address space as NOHUGEPAGE. This patch modifies the
code so that the operation succeeds without error now.
For consistency reasons do the same for MADV_HUGEPAGE.
Signed-off-by: Jason J. Herne <jjherne@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Merge second patch-bomb from Andrew Morton:
- most of the rest of MM
- procfs
- lib/ updates
- printk updates
- bitops infrastructure tweaks
- checkpatch updates
- nilfs2 update
- signals
- various other misc bits: coredump, seqfile, kexec, pidns, zlib, ipc,
dma-debug, dma-mapping, ...
* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (102 commits)
ipc,msg: drop dst nil validation in copy_msg
include/linux/zutil.h: fix usage example of zlib_adler32()
panic: release stale console lock to always get the logbuf printed out
dma-debug: check nents in dma_sync_sg*
dma-mapping: tidy up dma_parms default handling
pidns: fix set/getpriority and ioprio_set/get in PRIO_USER mode
kexec: use file name as the output message prefix
fs, seqfile: always allow oom killer
seq_file: reuse string_escape_str()
fs/seq_file: use seq_* helpers in seq_hex_dump()
coredump: change zap_threads() and zap_process() to use for_each_thread()
coredump: ensure all coredumping tasks have SIGNAL_GROUP_COREDUMP
signal: remove jffs2_garbage_collect_thread()->allow_signal(SIGCONT)
signal: introduce kernel_signal_stop() to fix jffs2_garbage_collect_thread()
signal: turn dequeue_signal_lock() into kernel_dequeue_signal()
signals: kill block_all_signals() and unblock_all_signals()
nilfs2: fix gcc uninitialized-variable warnings in powerpc build
nilfs2: fix gcc unused-but-set-variable warnings
MAINTAINERS: nilfs2: add header file for tracing
nilfs2: add tracepoints for analyzing reading and writing metadata files
...
Pull trivial updates from Jiri Kosina:
"Trivial stuff from trivial tree that can be trivially summed up as:
- treewide drop of spurious unlikely() before IS_ERR() from Viresh
Kumar
- cosmetic fixes (that don't really affect basic functionality of the
driver) for pktcdvd and bcache, from Julia Lawall and Petr Mladek
- various comment / printk fixes and updates all over the place"
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jikos/trivial:
bcache: Really show state of work pending bit
hwmon: applesmc: fix comment typos
Kconfig: remove comment about scsi_wait_scan module
class_find_device: fix reference to argument "match"
debugfs: document that debugfs_remove*() accepts NULL and error values
net: Drop unlikely before IS_ERR(_OR_NULL)
mm: Drop unlikely before IS_ERR(_OR_NULL)
fs: Drop unlikely before IS_ERR(_OR_NULL)
drivers: net: Drop unlikely before IS_ERR(_OR_NULL)
drivers: misc: Drop unlikely before IS_ERR(_OR_NULL)
UBI: Update comments to reflect UBI_METAONLY flag
pktcdvd: drop null test before destroy functions
Hugh has pointed that compound_head() call can be unsafe in some
context. There's one example:
CPU0 CPU1
isolate_migratepages_block()
page_count()
compound_head()
!!PageTail() == true
put_page()
tail->first_page = NULL
head = tail->first_page
alloc_pages(__GFP_COMP)
prep_compound_page()
tail->first_page = head
__SetPageTail(p);
!!PageTail() == true
<head == NULL dereferencing>
The race is pure theoretical. I don't it's possible to trigger it in
practice. But who knows.
We can fix the race by changing how encode PageTail() and compound_head()
within struct page to be able to update them in one shot.
The patch introduces page->compound_head into third double word block in
front of compound_dtor and compound_order. Bit 0 encodes PageTail() and
the rest bits are pointer to head page if bit zero is set.
The patch moves page->pmd_huge_pte out of word, just in case if an
architecture defines pgtable_t into something what can have the bit 0
set.
hugetlb_cgroup uses page->lru.next in the second tail page to store
pointer struct hugetlb_cgroup. The patch switch it to use page->private
in the second tail page instead. The space is free since ->first_page is
removed from the union.
The patch also opens possibility to remove HUGETLB_CGROUP_MIN_ORDER
limitation, since there's now space in first tail page to store struct
hugetlb_cgroup pointer. But that's out of scope of the patch.
That means page->compound_head shares storage space with:
- page->lru.next;
- page->next;
- page->rcu_head.next;
That's too long list to be absolutely sure, but looks like nobody uses
bit 0 of the word.
page->rcu_head.next guaranteed[1] to have bit 0 clean as long as we use
call_rcu(), call_rcu_bh(), call_rcu_sched(), or call_srcu(). But future
call_rcu_lazy() is not allowed as it makes use of the bit and we can
get false positive PageTail().
[1] http://lkml.kernel.org/g/20150827163634.GD4029@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The "vma" parameter to khugepaged_alloc_page() is unused. It has to
remain unused or the drop read lock 'map_sem' optimisation introduce by
commit 8b1645685a ("mm, THP: don't hold mmap_sem in khugepaged when
allocating THP") wouldn't be safe. So let's remove it.
Signed-off-by: Aaron Tomlin <atomlin@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
MIGRATE_RESERVE preserves an old property of the buddy allocator that
existed prior to fragmentation avoidance -- min_free_kbytes worth of pages
tended to remain contiguous until the only alternative was to fail the
allocation. At the time it was discovered that high-order atomic
allocations relied on this property so MIGRATE_RESERVE was introduced. A
later patch will introduce an alternative MIGRATE_HIGHATOMIC so this patch
deletes MIGRATE_RESERVE and supporting code so it'll be easier to review.
Note that this patch in isolation may look like a false regression if
someone was bisecting high-order atomic allocation failures.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Vitaly Wool <vitalywool@gmail.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
__GFP_WAIT was used to signal that the caller was in atomic context and
could not sleep. Now it is possible to distinguish between true atomic
context and callers that are not willing to sleep. The latter should
clear __GFP_DIRECT_RECLAIM so kswapd will still wake. As clearing
__GFP_WAIT behaves differently, there is a risk that people will clear the
wrong flags. This patch renames __GFP_WAIT to __GFP_RECLAIM to clearly
indicate what it does -- setting it allows all reclaim activity, clearing
them prevents it.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix build]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Vitaly Wool <vitalywool@gmail.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The cost of faulting in all memory to be locked can be very high when
working with large mappings. If only portions of the mapping will be used
this can incur a high penalty for locking.
For the example of a large file, this is the usage pattern for a large
statical language model (probably applies to other statical or graphical
models as well). For the security example, any application transacting in
data that cannot be swapped out (credit card data, medical records, etc).
This patch introduces the ability to request that pages are not
pre-faulted, but are placed on the unevictable LRU when they are finally
faulted in. The VM_LOCKONFAULT flag will be used together with VM_LOCKED
and has no effect when set without VM_LOCKED. Setting the VM_LOCKONFAULT
flag for a VMA will cause pages faulted into that VMA to be added to the
unevictable LRU when they are faulted or if they are already present, but
will not cause any missing pages to be faulted in.
Exposing this new lock state means that we cannot overload the meaning of
the FOLL_POPULATE flag any longer. Prior to this patch it was used to
mean that the VMA for a fault was locked. This means we need the new
FOLL_MLOCK flag to communicate the locked state of a VMA. FOLL_POPULATE
will now only control if the VMA should be populated and in the case of
VM_LOCKONFAULT, it will not be set.
Signed-off-by: Eric B Munson <emunson@akamai.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Guenter Roeck <linux@roeck-us.net>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Shuah Khan <shuahkh@osg.samsung.com>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Some generic THP bits are touched - all ACKed by Kirill
- Platform framework updates to prepare for EZChip arrival (still in works)
- ARC Public Mailing list setup finally (linux-snps-arc@lists.infraded.org)
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Merge tag 'arc-4.4-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vgupta/arc
Pull ARC updates from Vineet Gupta:
- Support for new MM features in ARCv2 cores (THP, PAE40) Some generic
THP bits are touched - all ACKed by Kirill
- Platform framework updates to prepare for EZChip arrival (still in works)
- ARC Public Mailing list setup finally (linux-snps-arc@lists.infraded.org)
* tag 'arc-4.4-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vgupta/arc: (42 commits)
ARC: mm: PAE40 support
ARC: mm: PAE40: tlbex.S: Explicitify the size of pte_t
ARC: mm: PAE40: switch to using phys_addr_t for physical addresses
ARC: mm: HIGHMEM: populate high memory from DT
ARC: mm: HIGHMEM: kmap API implementation
ARC: mm: preps ahead of HIGHMEM support #2
ARC: mm: preps ahead of HIGHMEM support
ARC: mm: use generic macros _BITUL()/_AC()
ARC: mm: Improve Duplicate PD Fault handler
MAINTAINERS: Add public mailing list for ARC
ARC: Ensure DT mem base is same as what kernel is built with
ARC: boot: Non Master cpus only need to call EARLY_CPU_SETUP once
ARCv2: smp: [plat-*]: No need to explicitly call mcip_init_smp()
ARC: smp: Introduce smp hook @init_irq_cpu called for all cores
ARC: smp: Rename platform hook @init_smp -> @init_cpu_smp
ARCv2: smp: [plat-*]: No need to explicitly call mcip_init_early_smp()
ARC: smp: Introduce smp hook @init_early_smp for Master core
ARC: remove @init_time, @init_irq platform callbacks
ARC: smp: irqchip: handle IPI as percpu irq like timer
ARC: boot: Support Halt-on-reset and Run-on-reset SMP booting modes
...
Use is_zero_pfn() on pteval only after pte_present() check on pteval
(It might be better idea to introduce is_zero_pte() which checks
pte_present() first).
Otherwise when working on a swap or migration entry and if pte_pfn's
result is equal to zero_pfn by chance, we lose user's data in
__collapse_huge_page_copy(). So if you're unlucky, the application
segfaults and finally you could see below message on exit:
BUG: Bad rss-counter state mm:ffff88007f099300 idx:2 val:3
Fixes: ca0984caa8 ("mm: incorporate zero pages into transparent huge pages")
Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> [4.1+]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
ARCHes with special requirements for evicting THP backing TLB entries
can implement this.
Otherwise also, it can help optimize TLB flush in THP regime.
stock flush_tlb_range() typically has optimization to nuke the entire
TLB if flush span is greater than a certain threshhold, which will
likely be true for a single huge page. Thus a single thp flush will
invalidate the entrire TLB which is not desirable.
e.g. see arch/arc: flush_pmd_tlb_range
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20151009100816.GC7873@node
Signed-off-by: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
IS_ERR(_OR_NULL) already contain an 'unlikely' compiler flag and there
is no need to do that again from its callers. Drop it.
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Viresh Kumar <viresh.kumar@linaro.org>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Knowing the portion of memory that is not used by a certain application or
memory cgroup (idle memory) can be useful for partitioning the system
efficiently, e.g. by setting memory cgroup limits appropriately.
Currently, the only means to estimate the amount of idle memory provided
by the kernel is /proc/PID/{clear_refs,smaps}: the user can clear the
access bit for all pages mapped to a particular process by writing 1 to
clear_refs, wait for some time, and then count smaps:Referenced. However,
this method has two serious shortcomings:
- it does not count unmapped file pages
- it affects the reclaimer logic
To overcome these drawbacks, this patch introduces two new page flags,
Idle and Young, and a new sysfs file, /sys/kernel/mm/page_idle/bitmap.
A page's Idle flag can only be set from userspace by setting bit in
/sys/kernel/mm/page_idle/bitmap at the offset corresponding to the page,
and it is cleared whenever the page is accessed either through page tables
(it is cleared in page_referenced() in this case) or using the read(2)
system call (mark_page_accessed()). Thus by setting the Idle flag for
pages of a particular workload, which can be found e.g. by reading
/proc/PID/pagemap, waiting for some time to let the workload access its
working set, and then reading the bitmap file, one can estimate the amount
of pages that are not used by the workload.
The Young page flag is used to avoid interference with the memory
reclaimer. A page's Young flag is set whenever the Access bit of a page
table entry pointing to the page is cleared by writing to the bitmap file.
If page_referenced() is called on a Young page, it will add 1 to its
return value, therefore concealing the fact that the Access bit was
cleared.
Note, since there is no room for extra page flags on 32 bit, this feature
uses extended page flags when compiled on 32 bit.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix build]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: kpageidle requires an MMU]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: decouple from page-flags rework]
Signed-off-by: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Reviewed-by: Andres Lagar-Cavilla <andreslc@google.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Cc: Raghavendra K T <raghavendra.kt@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit 1dfb059b94 ("thp: reduce khugepaged freezing latency") fixed
khugepaged to do not block a system suspend. But the result is that it
could not get interrupted before the given timeout because the condition
for the wait event is "false".
This patch puts back the original approach but it uses
freezable_schedule_timeout_interruptible() instead of
schedule_timeout_interruptible(). It does the right thing. I am pretty
sure that the freezable variant was not used in the original fix only
because it was not available at that time.
The regression has been there for ages. It was not critical. It just
did the allocation throttling a little bit more aggressively.
I found this problem when converting the kthread to kthread worker API
and trying to understand the code.
This bug is thought to have minimal userspace-visible impact. Somebody
could set a high alloc_sleep value by mistake, and then try to fix it
back, but khugepaged would keep sleeping until the high value expires.
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: "Aneesh Kumar K.V" <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Ebru Akagunduz <ebru.akagunduz@gmail.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
alloc_pages_exact_node() was introduced in commit 6484eb3e2a ("page
allocator: do not check NUMA node ID when the caller knows the node is
valid") as an optimized variant of alloc_pages_node(), that doesn't
fallback to current node for nid == NUMA_NO_NODE. Unfortunately the
name of the function can easily suggest that the allocation is
restricted to the given node and fails otherwise. In truth, the node is
only preferred, unless __GFP_THISNODE is passed among the gfp flags.
The misleading name has lead to mistakes in the past, see for example
commits 5265047ac3 ("mm, thp: really limit transparent hugepage
allocation to local node") and b360edb43f ("mm, mempolicy:
migrate_to_node should only migrate to node").
Another issue with the name is that there's a family of
alloc_pages_exact*() functions where 'exact' means exact size (instead
of page order), which leads to more confusion.
To prevent further mistakes, this patch effectively renames
alloc_pages_exact_node() to __alloc_pages_node() to better convey that
it's an optimized variant of alloc_pages_node() not intended for general
usage. Both functions get described in comments.
It has been also considered to really provide a convenience function for
allocations restricted to a node, but the major opinion seems to be that
__GFP_THISNODE already provides that functionality and we shouldn't
duplicate the API needlessly. The number of users would be small
anyway.
Existing callers of alloc_pages_exact_node() are simply converted to
call __alloc_pages_node(), with the exception of sba_alloc_coherent()
which open-codes the check for NUMA_NO_NODE, so it is converted to use
alloc_pages_node() instead. This means it no longer performs some
VM_BUG_ON checks, and since the current check for nid in
alloc_pages_node() uses a 'nid < 0' comparison (which includes
NUMA_NO_NODE), it may hide wrong values which would be previously
exposed.
Both differences will be rectified by the next patch.
To sum up, this patch makes no functional changes, except temporarily
hiding potentially buggy callers. Restricting the checks in
alloc_pages_node() is left for the next patch which can in turn expose
more existing buggy callers.
Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Robin Holt <robinmholt@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Acked-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Gleb Natapov <gleb@kernel.org>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Cliff Whickman <cpw@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This makes set_recommended_min_free_kbytes() have a return type of void as
it cannot fail.
Signed-off-by: Nicholas Krause <xerofoify@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This is another place where DAX assumed that pgtable_t was a pointer.
Open code the important parts of set_huge_zero_page() in DAX and make
set_huge_zero_page() static again.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The original DAX code assumed that pgtable_t was a pointer, which isn't
true on all architectures. Restructure the code to not rely on that
assumption.
[willy@linux.intel.com: further fixes integrated into this patch]
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The DAX code neglected to put the refcount on the huge zero page.
Also we must notify on splits.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
It would make more sense to have all the return values from
vmf_insert_pfn_pmd() encoded in one place instead of having to follow
the convention into insert_pfn(). Suggested by Jeff Moyer.
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Jeff Moyer <jmoyer@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Similar to vm_insert_pfn(), but for PMDs rather than PTEs. The 'vmf_'
prefix instead of 'vm_' prefix is intended to indicate that it returns a
VMF_ value rather than an errno (which would only have to be converted
into a VMF_ value anyway).
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
To use the huge zero page in DAX, we need these functions exported.
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Add a vma_is_dax() helper macro to test whether the VMA is DAX, and use it
in zap_huge_pmd() and __split_huge_page_pmd().
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix build]
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Undo the change which "userfaultfd: call handle_userfault() for
userfaultfd_missing() faults" made to set_huge_zero_page(). DAX will
need that return value.
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This series of patches adds support for using PMD page table entries to
map DAX files. We expect NV-DIMMs to start showing up that are many
gigabytes in size and the memory consumption of 4kB PTEs will be
astronomical.
The patch series leverages much of the Transparant Huge Pages
infrastructure, going so far as to borrow one of Kirill's patches from
his THP page cache series.
This patch (of 10):
Since we're going to have huge pages in page cache, we need to call adjust
file-backed VMA, which potentially can contain huge pages.
For now we call it for all VMAs.
Probably later we will need to introduce a flag to indicate that the VMA
has huge pages.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <matthew.r.wilcox@intel.com>
Acked-by: Hillf Danton <dhillf@gmail.com>
Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The THP faults were not propagating the original fault address. The
latest version of the API with uffd.arg.pagefault.address is supposed to
propagate the full address through THP faults.
This was not a kernel crashing bug and it wouldn't risk to corrupt user
memory, but it would cause a SIGBUS failure because the wrong page was
being copied.
For various reasons this wasn't easily reproducible in the qemu workload,
but the strestest exposed the problem immediately.
Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
If userfaultfd is armed on a certain vma we can't "fill" the holes with
zeroes or we'll break the userland on demand paging. The holes if the
userfault is armed, are really missing information (not zeroes) that the
userland has to load from network or elsewhere.
The same issue happens for wrprotected ptes that we can't just convert
into a single writable pmd_trans_huge.
We could however in theory still merge across zeropages if only
VM_UFFD_MISSING is set (so if VM_UFFD_WP is not set)... that could be
slightly improved but it'd be much more complex code for a tiny corner
case.
Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Sanidhya Kashyap <sanidhya.gatech@gmail.com>
Cc: zhang.zhanghailiang@huawei.com
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Andres Lagar-Cavilla <andreslc@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Peter Feiner <pfeiner@google.com>
Cc: "Dr. David Alan Gilbert" <dgilbert@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: "Huangpeng (Peter)" <peter.huangpeng@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This is where the page faults must be modified to call
handle_userfault() if userfaultfd_missing() is true (so if the
vma->vm_flags had VM_UFFD_MISSING set).
handle_userfault() then takes care of blocking the page fault and
delivering it to userland.
The fault flags must also be passed as parameter so the "read|write"
kind of fault can be passed to userland.
Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Sanidhya Kashyap <sanidhya.gatech@gmail.com>
Cc: zhang.zhanghailiang@huawei.com
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Andres Lagar-Cavilla <andreslc@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Peter Feiner <pfeiner@google.com>
Cc: "Dr. David Alan Gilbert" <dgilbert@redhat.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: "Huangpeng (Peter)" <peter.huangpeng@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The race condition addressed in commit add05cecef ("mm: soft-offline:
don't free target page in successful page migration") was not closed
completely, because that can happen not only for soft-offline, but also
for hard-offline. Consider that a slab page is about to be freed into
buddy pool, and then an uncorrected memory error hits the page just
after entering __free_one_page(), then VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(page->flags &
PAGE_FLAGS_CHECK_AT_PREP) is triggered, despite the fact that it's not
necessary because the data on the affected page is not consumed.
To solve it, this patch drops __PG_HWPOISON from page flag checks at
allocation/free time. I think it's justified because __PG_HWPOISON
flags is defined to prevent the page from being reused, and setting it
outside the page's alloc-free cycle is a designed behavior (not a bug.)
For recent months, I was annoyed about BUG_ON when soft-offlined page
remains on lru cache list for a while, which is avoided by calling
put_page() instead of putback_lru_page() in page migration's success
path. This means that this patch reverts a major change from commit
add05cecef about the new refcounting rule of soft-offlined pages, so
"reuse window" revives. This will be closed by a subsequent patch.
Signed-off-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <andi@firstfloor.org>
Cc: Dean Nelson <dnelson@redhat.com>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We have confusing functions to clear pmd, pmd_clear_* and pmd_clear. Add
_huge_ to pmdp_clear functions so that we are clear that they operate on
hugepage pte.
We don't bother about other functions like pmdp_set_wrprotect,
pmdp_clear_flush_young, because they operate on PTE bits and hence
indicate they are operating on hugepage ptes
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Architectures like ppc64 [1] need to do special things while clearing pmd
before a collapse. For them this operation is largely different from a
normal hugepage pte clear. Hence add a separate function to clear pmd
before collapse. After this patch pmdp_* functions operate only on
hugepage pte, and not on regular pmd_t values pointing to page table.
[1] ppc64 needs to invalidate all the normal page pte mappings we already
have inserted in the hardware hash page table. But before doing that we
need to make sure there are no parallel hash page table insert going on.
So we need to do a kick_all_cpus_sync() before flushing the older hash
table entries. By moving this to a separate function we capture these
details and mention how it is different from a hugepage pte clear.
This patch is a cleanup and only does code movement for clarity. There
should not be any change in functionality.
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
khugepaged_do_scan() checks in every iteration whether freezing(current)
is true, and in such case breaks out of the loop, which causes
try_to_freeze() to be called immediately afterwards in
khugepaged_wait_work().
If nothing else, this causes unnecessary freezing(current) test, and also
makes the way khugepaged enters freezer a bit less obvious than necessary.
Let's just try to freeze directly, instead of splitting it into two
(directly adjacent) phases.
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Few trivial cleanups:
- no need to call set_recommended_min_free_kbytes() from
late_initcall() -- start_khugepaged() calls it;
- no need to call set_recommended_min_free_kbytes() from
start_khugepaged() if khugepaged is not started;
- there isn't much point in running start_khugepaged() if we've just
set transparent_hugepage_flags to zero;
- start_khugepaged() is misnamed -- it also used to stop the thread;
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
set_recommended_min_free_kbytes() adjusts zone water marks to be suitable
for khugepaged. We avoid doing this if khugepaged is disabled, but don't
catch the case when khugepaged is failed to start.
Let's address this by checking khugepaged_thread instead of
khugepaged_enabled() in set_recommended_min_free_kbytes().
It's NULL if the kernel thread is stopped or failed to start.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We miss error-handling in few cases hugepage_init(). Let's fix that.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We converted some of the usages of ACCESS_ONCE to READ_ONCE in the mm/
tree since it doesn't work reliably on non-scalar types.
This patch removes the rest of the usages of ACCESS_ONCE, and use the new
READ_ONCE API for the read accesses. This makes things cleaner, instead
of using separate/multiple sets of APIs.
Signed-off-by: Jason Low <jason.low2@hp.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
memcg currently uses hardcoded GFP_TRANSHUGE gfp flags for all THP
charges. THP allocations, however, might be using different flags
depending on /sys/kernel/mm/transparent_hugepage/{,khugepaged/}defrag and
the current allocation context.
The primary difference is that defrag configured to "madvise" value will
clear __GFP_WAIT flag from the core gfp mask to make the allocation
lighter for all mappings which are not backed by VM_HUGEPAGE vmas. If
memcg charge path ignores this fact we will get light allocation but the a
potential memcg reclaim would kill the whole point of the configuration.
Fix the mismatch by providing the same gfp mask used for the allocation to
the charge functions. This is quite easy for all paths except for
hugepaged kernel thread with !CONFIG_NUMA which is doing a pre-allocation
long before the allocated page is used in collapse_huge_page via
khugepaged_alloc_page. To prevent from cluttering the whole code path
from khugepaged_do_scan we simply return the current flags as per
khugepaged_defrag() value which might have changed since the
preallocation. If somebody changed the value of the knob we would charge
differently but this shouldn't happen often and it is definitely not
critical because it would only lead to a reduced success rate of one-off
THP promotion.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix weird code layout while we're there]
[rientjes@google.com: clean up around alloc_hugepage_gfpmask()]
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit 077fcf116c ("mm/thp: allocate transparent hugepages on local
node") restructured alloc_hugepage_vma() with the intent of only
allocating transparent hugepages locally when there was not an effective
interleave mempolicy.
alloc_pages_exact_node() does not limit the allocation to the single node,
however, but rather prefers it. This is because __GFP_THISNODE is not set
which would cause the node-local nodemask to be passed. Without it, only
a nodemask that prefers the local node is passed.
Fix this by passing __GFP_THISNODE and falling back to small pages when
the allocation fails.
Commit 9f1b868a13 ("mm: thp: khugepaged: add policy for finding target
node") suffers from a similar problem for khugepaged, which is also fixed.
Fixes: 077fcf116c ("mm/thp: allocate transparent hugepages on local node")
Fixes: 9f1b868a13 ("mm: thp: khugepaged: add policy for finding target node")
Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@kernel.org>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Pravin Shelar <pshelar@nicira.com>
Cc: Jarno Rajahalme <jrajahalme@nicira.com>
Cc: Li Zefan <lizefan@huawei.com>
Cc: Greg Thelen <gthelen@google.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This patch improves THP collapse rates, by allowing zero pages.
Currently THP can collapse 4kB pages into a THP when there are up to
khugepaged_max_ptes_none pte_none ptes in a 2MB range. This patch counts
pte none and mapped zero pages with the same variable.
The patch was tested with a program that allocates 800MB of
memory, and performs interleaved reads and writes, in a pattern
that causes some 2MB areas to first see read accesses, resulting
in the zero pfn being mapped there.
To simulate memory fragmentation at allocation time, I modified
do_huge_pmd_anonymous_page to return VM_FAULT_FALLBACK for read faults.
Without the patch, only %50 of the program was collapsed into THP and the
percentage did not increase over time.
With this patch after 10 minutes of waiting khugepaged had collapsed %99
of the program's memory.
[aarcange@redhat.com: fix bogus BUG()]
Signed-off-by: Ebru Akagunduz <ebru.akagunduz@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Signed-off-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
After commit a1fde08c74 ("VM: skip the stack guard page lookup in
get_user_pages only for mlock") FOLL_MLOCK has lost its original
meaning: we don't necessarily mlock the page if the flags is set -- we
also take VM_LOCKED into consideration.
Since we use the same codepath for __mm_populate(), let's rename
FOLL_MLOCK to FOLL_POPULATE.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Base PTEs are marked young when the NUMA hinting information is cleared
but the same does not happen for huge pages which this patch addresses.
Note that migrated pages are not marked young as the base page migration
code does not assume that migrated pages have been referenced. This
could be addressed but beyond the scope of this series which is aimed at
Dave Chinners shrink workload that is unlikely to be affected by this
issue.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Aneesh Kumar <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Dave Chinner reported the following on https://lkml.org/lkml/2015/3/1/226
Across the board the 4.0-rc1 numbers are much slower, and the degradation
is far worse when using the large memory footprint configs. Perf points
straight at the cause - this is from 4.0-rc1 on the "-o bhash=101073" config:
- 56.07% 56.07% [kernel] [k] default_send_IPI_mask_sequence_phys
- default_send_IPI_mask_sequence_phys
- 99.99% physflat_send_IPI_mask
- 99.37% native_send_call_func_ipi
smp_call_function_many
- native_flush_tlb_others
- 99.85% flush_tlb_page
ptep_clear_flush
try_to_unmap_one
rmap_walk
try_to_unmap
migrate_pages
migrate_misplaced_page
- handle_mm_fault
- 99.73% __do_page_fault
trace_do_page_fault
do_async_page_fault
+ async_page_fault
0.63% native_send_call_func_single_ipi
generic_exec_single
smp_call_function_single
This is showing excessive migration activity even though excessive
migrations are meant to get throttled. Normally, the scan rate is tuned
on a per-task basis depending on the locality of faults. However, if
migrations fail for any reason then the PTE scanner may scan faster if
the faults continue to be remote. This means there is higher system CPU
overhead and fault trapping at exactly the time we know that migrations
cannot happen. This patch tracks when migration failures occur and
slows the PTE scanner.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reported-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Tested-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Aneesh Kumar <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Protecting a PTE to trap a NUMA hinting fault clears the writable bit
and further faults are needed after trapping a NUMA hinting fault to set
the writable bit again. This patch preserves the writable bit when
trapping NUMA hinting faults. The impact is obvious from the number of
minor faults trapped during the basis balancing benchmark and the system
CPU usage;
autonumabench
4.0.0-rc4 4.0.0-rc4
baseline preserve
Time System-NUMA01 107.13 ( 0.00%) 103.13 ( 3.73%)
Time System-NUMA01_THEADLOCAL 131.87 ( 0.00%) 83.30 ( 36.83%)
Time System-NUMA02 8.95 ( 0.00%) 10.72 (-19.78%)
Time System-NUMA02_SMT 4.57 ( 0.00%) 3.99 ( 12.69%)
Time Elapsed-NUMA01 515.78 ( 0.00%) 517.26 ( -0.29%)
Time Elapsed-NUMA01_THEADLOCAL 384.10 ( 0.00%) 384.31 ( -0.05%)
Time Elapsed-NUMA02 48.86 ( 0.00%) 48.78 ( 0.16%)
Time Elapsed-NUMA02_SMT 47.98 ( 0.00%) 48.12 ( -0.29%)
4.0.0-rc4 4.0.0-rc4
baseline preserve
User 44383.95 43971.89
System 252.61 201.24
Elapsed 998.68 1000.94
Minor Faults 2597249 1981230
Major Faults 365 364
There is a similar drop in system CPU usage using Dave Chinner's xfsrepair
workload
4.0.0-rc4 4.0.0-rc4
baseline preserve
Amean real-xfsrepair 454.14 ( 0.00%) 442.36 ( 2.60%)
Amean syst-xfsrepair 277.20 ( 0.00%) 204.68 ( 26.16%)
The patch looks hacky but the alternatives looked worse. The tidest was
to rewalk the page tables after a hinting fault but it was more complex
than this approach and the performance was worse. It's not generally
safe to just mark the page writable during the fault if it's a write
fault as it may have been read-only for COW so that approach was
discarded.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reported-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Tested-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Aneesh Kumar <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
These are three follow-on patches based on the xfsrepair workload Dave
Chinner reported was problematic in 4.0-rc1 due to changes in page table
management -- https://lkml.org/lkml/2015/3/1/226.
Much of the problem was reduced by commit 53da3bc2ba ("mm: fix up numa
read-only thread grouping logic") and commit ba68bc0115 ("mm: thp:
Return the correct value for change_huge_pmd"). It was known that the
performance in 3.19 was still better even if is far less safe. This
series aims to restore the performance without compromising on safety.
For the test of this mail, I'm comparing 3.19 against 4.0-rc4 and the
three patches applied on top
autonumabench
3.19.0 4.0.0-rc4 4.0.0-rc4 4.0.0-rc4 4.0.0-rc4
vanilla vanilla vmwrite-v5r8 preserve-v5r8 slowscan-v5r8
Time System-NUMA01 124.00 ( 0.00%) 161.86 (-30.53%) 107.13 ( 13.60%) 103.13 ( 16.83%) 145.01 (-16.94%)
Time System-NUMA01_THEADLOCAL 115.54 ( 0.00%) 107.64 ( 6.84%) 131.87 (-14.13%) 83.30 ( 27.90%) 92.35 ( 20.07%)
Time System-NUMA02 9.35 ( 0.00%) 10.44 (-11.66%) 8.95 ( 4.28%) 10.72 (-14.65%) 8.16 ( 12.73%)
Time System-NUMA02_SMT 3.87 ( 0.00%) 4.63 (-19.64%) 4.57 (-18.09%) 3.99 ( -3.10%) 3.36 ( 13.18%)
Time Elapsed-NUMA01 570.06 ( 0.00%) 567.82 ( 0.39%) 515.78 ( 9.52%) 517.26 ( 9.26%) 543.80 ( 4.61%)
Time Elapsed-NUMA01_THEADLOCAL 393.69 ( 0.00%) 384.83 ( 2.25%) 384.10 ( 2.44%) 384.31 ( 2.38%) 380.73 ( 3.29%)
Time Elapsed-NUMA02 49.09 ( 0.00%) 49.33 ( -0.49%) 48.86 ( 0.47%) 48.78 ( 0.63%) 50.94 ( -3.77%)
Time Elapsed-NUMA02_SMT 47.51 ( 0.00%) 47.15 ( 0.76%) 47.98 ( -0.99%) 48.12 ( -1.28%) 49.56 ( -4.31%)
3.19.0 4.0.0-rc4 4.0.0-rc4 4.0.0-rc4 4.0.0-rc4
vanilla vanillavmwrite-v5r8preserve-v5r8slowscan-v5r8
User 46334.60 46391.94 44383.95 43971.89 44372.12
System 252.84 284.66 252.61 201.24 249.00
Elapsed 1062.14 1050.96 998.68 1000.94 1026.78
Overall the system CPU usage is comparable and the test is naturally a
bit variable. The slowing of the scanner hurts numa01 but on this
machine it is an adverse workload and patches that dramatically help it
often hurt absolutely everything else.
Due to patch 2, the fault activity is interesting
3.19.0 4.0.0-rc4 4.0.0-rc4 4.0.0-rc4 4.0.0-rc4
vanilla vanillavmwrite-v5r8preserve-v5r8slowscan-v5r8
Minor Faults 2097811 2656646 2597249 1981230 1636841
Major Faults 362 450 365 364 365
Note the impact preserving the write bit across protection updates and
fault reduces faults.
NUMA alloc hit 1229008 1217015 1191660 1178322 1199681
NUMA alloc miss 0 0 0 0 0
NUMA interleave hit 0 0 0 0 0
NUMA alloc local 1228514 1216317 1190871 1177448 1199021
NUMA base PTE updates 245706197 240041607 238195516 244704842 115012800
NUMA huge PMD updates 479530 468448 464868 477573 224487
NUMA page range updates 491225557 479886983 476207932 489222218 229950144
NUMA hint faults 659753 656503 641678 656926 294842
NUMA hint local faults 381604 373963 360478 337585 186249
NUMA hint local percent 57 56 56 51 63
NUMA pages migrated 5412140 6374899 6266530 5277468 5755096
AutoNUMA cost 5121% 5083% 4994% 5097% 2388%
Here the impact of slowing the PTE scanner on migratrion failures is
obvious as "NUMA base PTE updates" and "NUMA huge PMD updates" are
massively reduced even though the headline performance is very similar.
As xfsrepair was the reported workload here is the impact of the series
on it.
xfsrepair
3.19.0 4.0.0-rc4 4.0.0-rc4 4.0.0-rc4 4.0.0-rc4
vanilla vanilla vmwrite-v5r8 preserve-v5r8 slowscan-v5r8
Min real-fsmark 1183.29 ( 0.00%) 1165.73 ( 1.48%) 1152.78 ( 2.58%) 1153.64 ( 2.51%) 1177.62 ( 0.48%)
Min syst-fsmark 4107.85 ( 0.00%) 4027.75 ( 1.95%) 3986.74 ( 2.95%) 3979.16 ( 3.13%) 4048.76 ( 1.44%)
Min real-xfsrepair 441.51 ( 0.00%) 463.96 ( -5.08%) 449.50 ( -1.81%) 440.08 ( 0.32%) 439.87 ( 0.37%)
Min syst-xfsrepair 195.76 ( 0.00%) 278.47 (-42.25%) 262.34 (-34.01%) 203.70 ( -4.06%) 143.64 ( 26.62%)
Amean real-fsmark 1188.30 ( 0.00%) 1177.34 ( 0.92%) 1157.97 ( 2.55%) 1158.21 ( 2.53%) 1182.22 ( 0.51%)
Amean syst-fsmark 4111.37 ( 0.00%) 4055.70 ( 1.35%) 3987.19 ( 3.02%) 3998.72 ( 2.74%) 4061.69 ( 1.21%)
Amean real-xfsrepair 450.88 ( 0.00%) 468.32 ( -3.87%) 454.14 ( -0.72%) 442.36 ( 1.89%) 440.59 ( 2.28%)
Amean syst-xfsrepair 199.66 ( 0.00%) 290.60 (-45.55%) 277.20 (-38.84%) 204.68 ( -2.51%) 150.55 ( 24.60%)
Stddev real-fsmark 4.12 ( 0.00%) 10.82 (-162.29%) 4.14 ( -0.28%) 5.98 (-45.05%) 4.60 (-11.53%)
Stddev syst-fsmark 2.63 ( 0.00%) 20.32 (-671.82%) 0.37 ( 85.89%) 16.47 (-525.59%) 15.05 (-471.79%)
Stddev real-xfsrepair 6.87 ( 0.00%) 4.55 ( 33.75%) 3.46 ( 49.58%) 1.78 ( 74.12%) 0.52 ( 92.50%)
Stddev syst-xfsrepair 3.02 ( 0.00%) 10.30 (-241.37%) 13.17 (-336.37%) 0.71 ( 76.63%) 5.00 (-65.61%)
CoeffVar real-fsmark 0.35 ( 0.00%) 0.92 (-164.73%) 0.36 ( -2.91%) 0.52 (-48.82%) 0.39 (-12.10%)
CoeffVar syst-fsmark 0.06 ( 0.00%) 0.50 (-682.41%) 0.01 ( 85.45%) 0.41 (-543.22%) 0.37 (-478.78%)
CoeffVar real-xfsrepair 1.52 ( 0.00%) 0.97 ( 36.21%) 0.76 ( 49.94%) 0.40 ( 73.62%) 0.12 ( 92.33%)
CoeffVar syst-xfsrepair 1.51 ( 0.00%) 3.54 (-134.54%) 4.75 (-214.31%) 0.34 ( 77.20%) 3.32 (-119.63%)
Max real-fsmark 1193.39 ( 0.00%) 1191.77 ( 0.14%) 1162.90 ( 2.55%) 1166.66 ( 2.24%) 1188.50 ( 0.41%)
Max syst-fsmark 4114.18 ( 0.00%) 4075.45 ( 0.94%) 3987.65 ( 3.08%) 4019.45 ( 2.30%) 4082.80 ( 0.76%)
Max real-xfsrepair 457.80 ( 0.00%) 474.60 ( -3.67%) 457.82 ( -0.00%) 444.42 ( 2.92%) 441.03 ( 3.66%)
Max syst-xfsrepair 203.11 ( 0.00%) 303.65 (-49.50%) 294.35 (-44.92%) 205.33 ( -1.09%) 155.28 ( 23.55%)
The really relevant lines as syst-xfsrepair which is the system CPU
usage when running xfsrepair. Note that on my machine the overhead was
45% higher on 4.0-rc4 which may be part of what Dave is seeing. Once we
preserve the write bit across faults, it's only 2.51% higher on average.
With the full series applied, system CPU usage is 24.6% lower on
average.
Again, the impact of preserving the write bit on minor faults is obvious
and the impact of slowing scanning after migration failures is obvious
on the PTE updates. Note also that the number of pages migrated is much
reduced even though the headline performance is comparable.
3.19.0 4.0.0-rc4 4.0.0-rc4 4.0.0-rc4 4.0.0-rc4
vanilla vanillavmwrite-v5r8preserve-v5r8slowscan-v5r8
Minor Faults 153466827 254507978 249163829 153501373 105737890
Major Faults 610 702 690 649 724
NUMA base PTE updates 217735049 210756527 217729596 216937111 144344993
NUMA huge PMD updates 129294 85044 106921 127246 79887
NUMA pages migrated 21938995 29705270 28594162 22687324 16258075
3.19.0 4.0.0-rc4 4.0.0-rc4 4.0.0-rc4 4.0.0-rc4
vanilla vanillavmwrite-v5r8preserve-v5r8slowscan-v5r8
Mean sdb-avgqusz 13.47 2.54 2.55 2.47 2.49
Mean sdb-avgrqsz 202.32 140.22 139.50 139.02 138.12
Mean sdb-await 25.92 5.09 5.33 5.02 5.22
Mean sdb-r_await 4.71 0.19 0.83 0.51 0.11
Mean sdb-w_await 104.13 5.21 5.38 5.05 5.32
Mean sdb-svctm 0.59 0.13 0.14 0.13 0.14
Mean sdb-rrqm 0.16 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Mean sdb-wrqm 3.59 1799.43 1826.84 1812.21 1785.67
Max sdb-avgqusz 111.06 12.13 14.05 11.66 15.60
Max sdb-avgrqsz 255.60 190.34 190.01 187.33 191.78
Max sdb-await 168.24 39.28 49.22 44.64 65.62
Max sdb-r_await 660.00 52.00 280.00 76.00 12.00
Max sdb-w_await 7804.00 39.28 49.22 44.64 65.62
Max sdb-svctm 4.00 2.82 2.86 1.98 2.84
Max sdb-rrqm 8.30 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00
Max sdb-wrqm 34.20 5372.80 5278.60 5386.60 5546.15
FWIW, I also checked SPECjbb in different configurations but it's
similar observations -- minor faults lower, PTE update activity lower
and performance is roughly comparable against 3.19.
This patch (of 3):
Threads that share writable data within pages are grouped together as
related tasks. This decision is based on whether the PTE is marked
dirty which is subject to timing races between the PTE scanner update
and when the application writes the page. If the page is file-backed,
then background flushes and sync also affect placement. This is
unpredictable behaviour which is impossible to reason about so this
patch makes grouping decisions based on the VMA flags.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reported-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Tested-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Aneesh Kumar <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The wrong value is being returned by change_huge_pmd since commit
10c1045f28 ("mm: numa: avoid unnecessary TLB flushes when setting
NUMA hinting entries") which allows a fallthrough that tries to adjust
non-existent PTEs. This patch corrects it.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Dave Chinner reported that commit 4d94246699 ("mm: convert
p[te|md]_mknonnuma and remaining page table manipulations") slowed down
his xfsrepair test enormously. In particular, it was using more system
time due to extra TLB flushing.
The ultimate reason turns out to be how the change to use the regular
page table accessor functions broke the NUMA grouping logic. The old
special mknuma/mknonnuma code accessed the page table present bit and
the magic NUMA bit directly, while the new code just changes the page
protections using PROT_NONE and the regular vma protections.
That sounds equivalent, and from a fault standpoint it really is, but a
subtle side effect is that the *other* protection bits of the page table
entries also change. And the code to decide how to group the NUMA
entries together used the writable bit to decide whether a particular
page was likely to be shared read-only or not.
And with the change to make the NUMA handling use the regular permission
setting functions, that writable bit was basically always cleared for
private mappings due to COW. So even if the page actually ends up being
written to in the end, the NUMA balancing would act as if it was always
shared RO.
This code is a heuristic anyway, so the fix - at least for now - is to
instead check whether the page is dirty rather than writable. The bit
doesn't change with protection changes.
NOTE! This also adds a FIXME comment to revisit this issue,
Not only should we probably re-visit the whole "is this a shared
read-only page" heuristic (we might want to take the vma permissions
into account and base this more on those than the per-page ones, and
also look at whether the particular access that triggers it is a write
or not), but the whole COW issue shows that we should think about the
NUMA fault handling some more.
For example, maybe we should do the early-COW thing that a regular fault
does. Or maybe we should accept that while using the same bits as
PROTNONE was a good thing (and got rid of the specual NUMA bit), we
might still want to just preseve the other protection bits across NUMA
faulting.
Those are bigger questions, left for later. This just fixes up the
heuristic so that it at least approximates working again. More analysis
and work needed.
Reported-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Tested-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Aneesh Kumar <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>,
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
If a PTE or PMD is already marked NUMA when scanning to mark entries for
NUMA hinting then it is not necessary to update the entry and incur a TLB
flush penalty. Avoid the avoidhead where possible.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Kirill Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
pte_protnone_numa is only safe to use after VMA checks for PROT_NONE are
complete. Treating a real PROT_NONE PTE as a NUMA hinting fault is going
to result in strangeness so add a check for it. BUG_ON looks like
overkill but if this is hit then it's a serious bug that could result in
corruption so do not even try recovering. It would have been more
comprehensive to check VMA flags in pte_protnone_numa but it would have
made the API ugly just for a debugging check.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Kirill Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Faults on the huge zero page are pointless and there is a BUG_ON to catch
them during fault time. This patch reintroduces a check that avoids
marking the zero page PAGE_NONE.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Kirill Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Convert existing users of pte_numa and friends to the new helper. Note
that the kernel is broken after this patch is applied until the other page
table modifiers are also altered. This patch layout is to make review
easier.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Acked-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Acked-by: Aneesh Kumar <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Tested-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Kirill Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Automatic NUMA balancing depends on being able to protect PTEs to trap a
fault and gather reference locality information. Very broadly speaking
it would mark PTEs as not present and use another bit to distinguish
between NUMA hinting faults and other types of faults. It was
universally loved by everybody and caused no problems whatsoever. That
last sentence might be a lie.
This series is very heavily based on patches from Linus and Aneesh to
replace the existing PTE/PMD NUMA helper functions with normal change
protections. I did alter and add parts of it but I consider them
relatively minor contributions. At their suggestion, acked-bys are in
there but I've no problem converting them to Signed-off-by if requested.
AFAIK, this has received no testing on ppc64 and I'm depending on Aneesh
for that. I tested trinity under kvm-tool and passed and ran a few
other basic tests. At the time of writing, only the short-lived tests
have completed but testing of V2 indicated that long-term testing had no
surprises. In most cases I'm leaving out detail as it's not that
interesting.
specjbb single JVM: There was negligible performance difference in the
benchmark itself for short runs. However, system activity is
higher and interrupts are much higher over time -- possibly TLB
flushes. Migrations are also higher. Overall, this is more overhead
but considering the problems faced with the old approach I think
we just have to suck it up and find another way of reducing the
overhead.
specjbb multi JVM: Negligible performance difference to the actual benchmark
but like the single JVM case, the system overhead is noticeably
higher. Again, interrupts are a major factor.
autonumabench: This was all over the place and about all that can be
reasonably concluded is that it's different but not necessarily
better or worse.
autonumabench
3.18.0-rc5 3.18.0-rc5
mmotm-20141119 protnone-v3r3
User NUMA01 32380.24 ( 0.00%) 21642.92 ( 33.16%)
User NUMA01_THEADLOCAL 22481.02 ( 0.00%) 22283.22 ( 0.88%)
User NUMA02 3137.00 ( 0.00%) 3116.54 ( 0.65%)
User NUMA02_SMT 1614.03 ( 0.00%) 1543.53 ( 4.37%)
System NUMA01 322.97 ( 0.00%) 1465.89 (-353.88%)
System NUMA01_THEADLOCAL 91.87 ( 0.00%) 49.32 ( 46.32%)
System NUMA02 37.83 ( 0.00%) 14.61 ( 61.38%)
System NUMA02_SMT 7.36 ( 0.00%) 7.45 ( -1.22%)
Elapsed NUMA01 716.63 ( 0.00%) 599.29 ( 16.37%)
Elapsed NUMA01_THEADLOCAL 553.98 ( 0.00%) 539.94 ( 2.53%)
Elapsed NUMA02 83.85 ( 0.00%) 83.04 ( 0.97%)
Elapsed NUMA02_SMT 86.57 ( 0.00%) 79.15 ( 8.57%)
CPU NUMA01 4563.00 ( 0.00%) 3855.00 ( 15.52%)
CPU NUMA01_THEADLOCAL 4074.00 ( 0.00%) 4136.00 ( -1.52%)
CPU NUMA02 3785.00 ( 0.00%) 3770.00 ( 0.40%)
CPU NUMA02_SMT 1872.00 ( 0.00%) 1959.00 ( -4.65%)
System CPU usage of NUMA01 is worse but it's an adverse workload on this
machine so I'm reluctant to conclude that it's a problem that matters. On
the other workloads that are sensible on this machine, system CPU usage is
great. Overall time to complete the benchmark is comparable
3.18.0-rc5 3.18.0-rc5
mmotm-20141119protnone-v3r3
User 59612.50 48586.44
System 460.22 1537.45
Elapsed 1442.20 1304.29
NUMA alloc hit 5075182 5743353
NUMA alloc miss 0 0
NUMA interleave hit 0 0
NUMA alloc local 5075174 5743339
NUMA base PTE updates 637061448 443106883
NUMA huge PMD updates 1243434 864747
NUMA page range updates 1273699656 885857347
NUMA hint faults 1658116 1214277
NUMA hint local faults 959487 754113
NUMA hint local percent 57 62
NUMA pages migrated 5467056 61676398
The NUMA pages migrated look terrible but when I looked at a graph of the
activity over time I see that the massive spike in migration activity was
during NUMA01. This correlates with high system CPU usage and could be
simply down to bad luck but any modifications that affect that workload
would be related to scan rates and migrations, not the protection
mechanism. For all other workloads, migration activity was comparable.
Overall, headline performance figures are comparable but the overhead is
higher, mostly in interrupts. To some extent, higher overhead from this
approach was anticipated but not to this degree. It's going to be
necessary to reduce this again with a separate series in the future. It's
still worth going ahead with this series though as it's likely to avoid
constant headaches with Xen and is probably easier to maintain.
This patch (of 10):
A transhuge NUMA hinting fault may find the page is migrating and should
wait until migration completes. The check is race-prone because the pmd
is deferenced outside of the page lock and while the race is tiny, it'll
be larger if the PMD is cleared while marking PMDs for hinting fault.
This patch closes the race.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Kirill Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This patch aims to improve THP collapse rates, by allowing THP collapse in
the presence of read-only ptes, like those left in place by do_swap_page
after a read fault.
Currently THP can collapse 4kB pages into a THP when there are up to
khugepaged_max_ptes_none pte_none ptes in a 2MB range. This patch applies
the same limit for read-only ptes.
The patch was tested with a test program that allocates 800MB of memory,
writes to it, and then sleeps. I force the system to swap out all but
190MB of the program by touching other memory. Afterwards, the test
program does a mix of reads and writes to its memory, and the memory gets
swapped back in.
Without the patch, only the memory that did not get swapped out remained
in THPs, which corresponds to 24% of the memory of the program. The
percentage did not increase over time.
With this patch, after 5 minutes of waiting khugepaged had collapsed 50%
of the program's memory back into THPs.
Test results:
With the patch:
After swapped out:
cat /proc/pid/smaps:
Anonymous: 100464 kB
AnonHugePages: 100352 kB
Swap: 699540 kB
Fraction: 99,88
cat /proc/meminfo:
AnonPages: 1754448 kB
AnonHugePages: 1716224 kB
Fraction: 97,82
After swapped in:
In a few seconds:
cat /proc/pid/smaps:
Anonymous: 800004 kB
AnonHugePages: 145408 kB
Swap: 0 kB
Fraction: 18,17
cat /proc/meminfo:
AnonPages: 2455016 kB
AnonHugePages: 1761280 kB
Fraction: 71,74
In 5 minutes:
cat /proc/pid/smaps
Anonymous: 800004 kB
AnonHugePages: 407552 kB
Swap: 0 kB
Fraction: 50,94
cat /proc/meminfo:
AnonPages: 2456872 kB
AnonHugePages: 2023424 kB
Fraction: 82,35
Without the patch:
After swapped out:
cat /proc/pid/smaps:
Anonymous: 190660 kB
AnonHugePages: 190464 kB
Swap: 609344 kB
Fraction: 99,89
cat /proc/meminfo:
AnonPages: 1740456 kB
AnonHugePages: 1667072 kB
Fraction: 95,78
After swapped in:
cat /proc/pid/smaps:
Anonymous: 800004 kB
AnonHugePages: 190464 kB
Swap: 0 kB
Fraction: 23,80
cat /proc/meminfo:
AnonPages: 2350032 kB
AnonHugePages: 1667072 kB
Fraction: 70,93
I waited 10 minutes the fractions did not change without the patch.
Signed-off-by: Ebru Akagunduz <ebru.akagunduz@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Zhang Yanfei <zhangyanfei@cn.fujitsu.com>
Acked-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This patch makes do_mincore() use walk_page_vma(), which reduces many
lines of code by using common page table walk code.
[daeseok.youn@gmail.com: remove unneeded variable 'err']
Signed-off-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@parallels.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Signed-off-by: Daeseok Youn <daeseok.youn@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This make sure that we try to allocate hugepages from local node if
allowed by mempolicy. If we can't, we fallback to small page allocation
based on mempolicy. This is based on the observation that allocating
pages on local node is more beneficial than allocating hugepages on remote
node.
With this patch applied we may find transparent huge page allocation
failures if the current node doesn't have enough freee hugepages. Before
this patch such failures result in us retrying the allocation on other
nodes in the numa node mask.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix comment, add CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE dependency]
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Add KPF_ZERO_PAGE flag for zero_page, so that userspace processes can
detect zero_page in /proc/kpageflags, and then do memory analysis more
accurately.
Signed-off-by: Yalin Wang <yalin.wang@sonymobile.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pull drm updates from Dave Airlie:
"Highlights:
- AMD KFD driver merge
This is the AMD HSA interface for exposing a lowlevel interface for
GPGPU use. They have an open source userspace built on top of this
interface, and the code looks as good as it was going to get out of
tree.
- Initial atomic modesetting work
The need for an atomic modesetting interface to allow userspace to
try and send a complete set of modesetting state to the driver has
arisen, and been suffering from neglect this past year. No more,
the start of the common code and changes for msm driver to use it
are in this tree. Ongoing work to get the userspace ioctl finished
and the code clean will probably wait until next kernel.
- DisplayID 1.3 and tiled monitor exposed to userspace.
Tiled monitor property is now exposed for userspace to make use of.
- Rockchip drm driver merged.
- imx gpu driver moved out of staging
Other stuff:
- core:
panel - MIPI DSI + new panels.
expose suggested x/y properties for virtual GPUs
- i915:
Initial Skylake (SKL) support
gen3/4 reset work
start of dri1/ums removal
infoframe tracking
fixes for lots of things.
- nouveau:
tegra k1 voltage support
GM204 modesetting support
GT21x memory reclocking work
- radeon:
CI dpm fixes
GPUVM improvements
Initial DPM fan control
- rcar-du:
HDMI support added
removed some support for old boards
slave encoder driver for Analog Devices adv7511
- exynos:
Exynos4415 SoC support
- msm:
a4xx gpu support
atomic helper conversion
- tegra:
iommu support
universal plane support
ganged-mode DSI support
- sti:
HDMI i2c improvements
- vmwgfx:
some late fixes.
- qxl:
use suggested x/y properties"
* 'drm-next' of git://people.freedesktop.org/~airlied/linux: (969 commits)
drm: sti: fix module compilation issue
drm/i915: save/restore GMBUS freq across suspend/resume on gen4
drm: sti: correctly cleanup CRTC and planes
drm: sti: add HQVDP plane
drm: sti: add cursor plane
drm: sti: enable auxiliary CRTC
drm: sti: fix delay in VTG programming
drm: sti: prepare sti_tvout to support auxiliary crtc
drm: sti: use drm_crtc_vblank_{on/off} instead of drm_vblank_{on/off}
drm: sti: fix hdmi avi infoframe
drm: sti: remove event lock while disabling vblank
drm: sti: simplify gdp code
drm: sti: clear all mixer control
drm: sti: remove gpio for HDMI hot plug detection
drm: sti: allow to change hdmi ddc i2c adapter
drm/doc: Document drm_add_modes_noedid() usage
drm/i915: Remove '& 0xffff' from the mask given to WA_REG()
drm/i915: Invert the mask and val arguments in wa_add() and WA_REG()
drm: Zero out DRM object memory upon cleanup
drm/i915/bdw: Fix the write setting up the WIZ hashing mode
...
Pull s390 updates from Martin Schwidefsky:
"The most notable change for this pull request is the ftrace rework
from Heiko. It brings a small performance improvement and the ground
work to support a new gcc option to replace the mcount blocks with a
single nop.
Two new s390 specific system calls are added to emulate user space
mmio for PCI, an artifact of the how PCI memory is accessed.
Two patches for the memory management with changes to common code.
For KVM mm_forbids_zeropage is added which disables the empty zero
page for an mm that is used by a KVM process. And an optimization,
pmdp_get_and_clear_full is added analog to ptep_get_and_clear_full.
Some micro optimization for the cmpxchg and the spinlock code.
And as usual bug fixes and cleanups"
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/s390/linux: (46 commits)
s390/cputime: fix 31-bit compile
s390/scm_block: make the number of reqs per HW req configurable
s390/scm_block: handle multiple requests in one HW request
s390/scm_block: allocate aidaw pages only when necessary
s390/scm_block: use mempool to manage aidaw requests
s390/eadm: change timeout value
s390/mm: fix memory leak of ptlock in pmd_free_tlb
s390: use local symbol names in entry[64].S
s390/ptrace: always include vector registers in core files
s390/simd: clear vector register pointer on fork/clone
s390: translate cputime magic constants to macros
s390/idle: convert open coded idle time seqcount
s390/idle: add missing irq off lockdep annotation
s390/debug: avoid function call for debug_sprintf_*
s390/kprobes: fix instruction copy for out of line execution
s390: remove diag 44 calls from cpu_relax()
s390/dasd: retry partition detection
s390/dasd: fix list corruption for sleep_on requests
s390/dasd: fix infinite term I/O loop
s390/dasd: remove unused code
...
Zero pages can be used only in anonymous mappings, which never have
writable vma->vm_page_prot: see protection_map in mm/mmap.c and __PX1X
definitions.
Let's drop redundant pmd_wrprotect() in set_huge_zero_page().
Signed-off-by: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
If an anonymous mapping is not allowed to fault thp memory and then
madvise(MADV_HUGEPAGE) is used after fault, khugepaged will never
collapse this memory into thp memory.
This occurs because the madvise(2) handler for thp, hugepage_madvise(),
clears VM_NOHUGEPAGE on the stack and it isn't stored in vma->vm_flags
until the final action of madvise_behavior(). This causes the
khugepaged_enter_vma_merge() to be a no-op in hugepage_madvise() when
the vma had previously had VM_NOHUGEPAGE set.
Fix this by passing the correct vma flags to the khugepaged mm slot
handler. There's no chance khugepaged can run on this vma until after
madvise_behavior() returns since we hold mm->mmap_sem.
It would be possible to clear VM_NOHUGEPAGE directly from vma->vm_flags
in hugepage_advise(), but I didn't want to introduce special case
behavior into madvise_behavior(). I think it's best to just let it
always set vma->vm_flags itself.
Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Reported-by: Suleiman Souhlal <suleiman@google.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Compound page should be freed by put_page() or free_pages() with correct
order. Not doing so will cause tail pages leaked.
The compound order can be obtained by compound_order() or use
HPAGE_PMD_ORDER in our case. Some people would argue the latter is
faster but I prefer the former which is more general.
This bug was observed not just on our servers (the worst case we saw is
11G leaked on a 48G machine) but also on our workstations running Ubuntu
based distro.
$ cat /proc/vmstat | grep thp_zero_page_alloc
thp_zero_page_alloc 55
thp_zero_page_alloc_failed 0
This means there is (thp_zero_page_alloc - 1) * (2M - 4K) memory leaked.
Fixes: 97ae17497e ("thp: implement refcounting for huge zero page")
Signed-off-by: Yu Zhao <yuzhao@google.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Bob Liu <lliubbo@gmail.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> [3.8+]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Analog to ptep_get_and_clear_full define a variant of the
pmpd_get_and_clear primitive which gets the full hint from the
mmu_gather struct. This allows s390 to avoid a costly instruction
when destroying an address space.
Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Add a new function stub to allow architectures to disable for
an mm_structthe backing of non-present, anonymous pages with
read-only empty zero pages.
Signed-off-by: Dominik Dingel <dingel@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Dump the contents of the relevant struct_mm when we hit the bug condition.
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Trivially convert a few VM_BUG_ON calls to VM_BUG_ON_VMA to extract
more information when they trigger.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When allocating huge page for collapsing, khugepaged currently holds
mmap_sem for reading on the mm where collapsing occurs. Afterwards the
read lock is dropped before write lock is taken on the same mmap_sem.
Holding mmap_sem during whole huge page allocation is therefore useless,
the vma needs to be rechecked after taking the write lock anyway.
Furthemore, huge page allocation might involve a rather long sync
compaction, and thus block any mmap_sem writers and i.e. affect workloads
that perform frequent m(un)map or mprotect oterations.
This patch simply releases the read lock before allocating a huge page.
It also deletes an outdated comment that assumed vma must be stable, as it
was using alloc_hugepage_vma(). This is no longer true since commit
9f1b868a13 ("mm: thp: khugepaged: add policy for finding target node").
Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Michal Nazarewicz <mina86@mina86.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Acked-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This patch reverts 1ba6e0b50b ("mm: numa: split_huge_page: transfer the
NUMA type from the pmd to the pte"). If a huge page is being split due
a protection change and the tail will be in a PROT_NONE vma then NUMA
hinting PTEs are temporarily created in the protected VMA.
VM_RW|VM_PROTNONE
|-----------------|
^
split here
In the specific case above, it should get fixed up by change_pte_range()
but there is a window of opportunity for weirdness to happen. Similarly,
if a huge page is shrunk and split during a protection update but before
pmd_numa is cleared then a pte_numa can be left behind.
Instead of adding complexity trying to deal with the case, this patch
will not mark PTEs NUMA when splitting a huge page. NUMA hinting faults
will not be triggered which is marginal in comparison to the complexity
in dealing with the corner cases during THP split.
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
These patches rework memcg charge lifetime to integrate more naturally
with the lifetime of user pages. This drastically simplifies the code and
reduces charging and uncharging overhead. The most expensive part of
charging and uncharging is the page_cgroup bit spinlock, which is removed
entirely after this series.
Here are the top-10 profile entries of a stress test that reads a 128G
sparse file on a freshly booted box, without even a dedicated cgroup (i.e.
executing in the root memcg). Before:
15.36% cat [kernel.kallsyms] [k] copy_user_generic_string
13.31% cat [kernel.kallsyms] [k] memset
11.48% cat [kernel.kallsyms] [k] do_mpage_readpage
4.23% cat [kernel.kallsyms] [k] get_page_from_freelist
2.38% cat [kernel.kallsyms] [k] put_page
2.32% cat [kernel.kallsyms] [k] __mem_cgroup_commit_charge
2.18% kswapd0 [kernel.kallsyms] [k] __mem_cgroup_uncharge_common
1.92% kswapd0 [kernel.kallsyms] [k] shrink_page_list
1.86% cat [kernel.kallsyms] [k] __radix_tree_lookup
1.62% cat [kernel.kallsyms] [k] __pagevec_lru_add_fn
After:
15.67% cat [kernel.kallsyms] [k] copy_user_generic_string
13.48% cat [kernel.kallsyms] [k] memset
11.42% cat [kernel.kallsyms] [k] do_mpage_readpage
3.98% cat [kernel.kallsyms] [k] get_page_from_freelist
2.46% cat [kernel.kallsyms] [k] put_page
2.13% kswapd0 [kernel.kallsyms] [k] shrink_page_list
1.88% cat [kernel.kallsyms] [k] __radix_tree_lookup
1.67% cat [kernel.kallsyms] [k] __pagevec_lru_add_fn
1.39% kswapd0 [kernel.kallsyms] [k] free_pcppages_bulk
1.30% cat [kernel.kallsyms] [k] kfree
As you can see, the memcg footprint has shrunk quite a bit.
text data bss dec hex filename
37970 9892 400 48262 bc86 mm/memcontrol.o.old
35239 9892 400 45531 b1db mm/memcontrol.o
This patch (of 4):
The memcg charge API charges pages before they are rmapped - i.e. have an
actual "type" - and so every callsite needs its own set of charge and
uncharge functions to know what type is being operated on. Worse,
uncharge has to happen from a context that is still type-specific, rather
than at the end of the page's lifetime with exclusive access, and so
requires a lot of synchronization.
Rewrite the charge API to provide a generic set of try_charge(),
commit_charge() and cancel_charge() transaction operations, much like
what's currently done for swap-in:
mem_cgroup_try_charge() attempts to reserve a charge, reclaiming
pages from the memcg if necessary.
mem_cgroup_commit_charge() commits the page to the charge once it
has a valid page->mapping and PageAnon() reliably tells the type.
mem_cgroup_cancel_charge() aborts the transaction.
This reduces the charge API and enables subsequent patches to
drastically simplify uncharging.
As pages need to be committed after rmap is established but before they
are added to the LRU, page_add_new_anon_rmap() must stop doing LRU
additions again. Revive lru_cache_add_active_or_unevictable().
[hughd@google.com: fix shmem_unuse]
[hughd@google.com: Add comments on the private use of -EAGAIN]
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit 9f1b868a13 ("mm: thp: khugepaged: add policy for finding target
node") improved the previous khugepaged logic which allocated a
transparent hugepages from the node of the first page being collapsed.
However, it is still possible to collapse pages to remote memory which
may suffer from additional access latency. With the current policy, it
is possible that 255 pages (with PAGE_SHIFT == 12) will be collapsed
remotely if the majority are allocated from that node.
When zone_reclaim_mode is enabled, it means the VM should make every
attempt to allocate locally to prevent NUMA performance degradation. In
this case, we do not want to collapse hugepages to remote nodes that
would suffer from increased access latency. Thus, when
zone_reclaim_mode is enabled, only allow collapsing to nodes with
RECLAIM_DISTANCE or less.
There is no functional change for systems that disable
zone_reclaim_mode.
Signed-off-by: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Bob Liu <bob.liu@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Transparent huge page charges prefer falling back to regular pages
rather than spending a lot of time in direct reclaim.
Desired reclaim behavior is usually declared in the gfp mask, but THP
charges use GFP_KERNEL and then rely on the fact that OOM is disabled
for THP charges, and that OOM-disabled charges don't retry reclaim.
Needless to say, this is anything but obvious and quite error prone.
Convert THP charges to use GFP_TRANSHUGE instead, which implies
__GFP_NORETRY, to indicate the low-latency requirement.
Signed-off-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Vladimir Davydov <vdavydov@parallels.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In some architectures like x86, atomic_add() is a full memory barrier.
In that case, an additional smp_mb() is just a waste of time. This
patch replaces that smp_mb() by smp_mb__after_atomic() which will avoid
the redundant memory barrier in some architectures.
With a 3.16-rc1 based kernel, this patch reduced the execution time of
breaking 1000 transparent huge pages from 38,245us to 30,964us. A
reduction of 19% which is quite sizeable. It also reduces the %cpu time
of the __split_huge_page_refcount function in the perf profile from
2.18% to 1.15%.
Signed-off-by: Waiman Long <Waiman.Long@hp.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Scott J Norton <scott.norton@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In __split_huge_page_map(), the check for page_mapcount(page) is
invariant within the for loop. Because of the fact that the macro is
implemented using atomic_read(), the redundant check cannot be optimized
away by the compiler leading to unnecessary read to the page structure.
This patch moves the invariant bug check out of the loop so that it will
be done only once. On a 3.16-rc1 based kernel, the execution time of a
microbenchmark that broke up 1000 transparent huge pages using munmap()
had an execution time of 38,245us and 38,548us with and without the
patch respectively. The performance gain is about 1%.
Signed-off-by: Waiman Long <Waiman.Long@hp.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Scott J Norton <scott.norton@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Trinity has reported:
BUG: unable to handle kernel NULL pointer dereference at 0000000000000018
IP: __lock_acquire (kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3070 (discriminator 1))
CPU: 6 PID: 16173 Comm: trinity-c364 Tainted: G W
3.15.0-rc1-next-20140415-sasha-00020-gaa90d09 #398
lock_acquire (arch/x86/include/asm/current.h:14
kernel/locking/lockdep.c:3602)
_raw_spin_lock (include/linux/spinlock_api_smp.h:143
kernel/locking/spinlock.c:151)
remove_migration_pte (mm/migrate.c:137)
rmap_walk (mm/rmap.c:1628 mm/rmap.c:1699)
remove_migration_ptes (mm/migrate.c:224)
migrate_pages (mm/migrate.c:922 mm/migrate.c:960 mm/migrate.c:1126)
migrate_misplaced_page (mm/migrate.c:1733)
__handle_mm_fault (mm/memory.c:3762 mm/memory.c:3812 mm/memory.c:3925)
handle_mm_fault (mm/memory.c:3948)
__get_user_pages (mm/memory.c:1851)
__mlock_vma_pages_range (mm/mlock.c:255)
__mm_populate (mm/mlock.c:711)
SyS_mlockall (include/linux/mm.h:1799 mm/mlock.c:817 mm/mlock.c:791)
I believe this comes about because, whereas collapsing and splitting THP
functions take anon_vma lock in write mode (which excludes concurrent
rmap walks), faulting THP functions (write protection and misplaced
NUMA) do not - and mostly they do not need to.
But they do use a pmdp_clear_flush(), set_pmd_at() sequence which, for
an instant (indeed, for a long instant, given the inter-CPU TLB flush in
there), leaves *pmd neither present not trans_huge.
Which can confuse a concurrent rmap walk, as when removing migration
ptes, seen in the dumped trace. Although that rmap walk has a 4k page
to insert, anon_vmas containing THPs are in no way segregated from
4k-page anon_vmas, so the 4k-intent mm_find_pmd() does need to cope with
that instant when a trans_huge pmd is temporarily absent.
I don't think we need strengthen the locking at the THP end: it's easily
handled with an ACCESS_ONCE() before testing both conditions.
And since mm_find_pmd() had only one caller who wanted a THP rather than
a pmd, let's slightly repurpose it to fail when it hits a THP or
non-present pmd, and open code split_huge_page_address() again.
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Reported-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Bob Liu <bob.liu@oracle.com>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@gentwo.org>
Cc: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Trinity has for over a year been reporting a CONFIG_DEBUG_PAGEALLOC oops
in copy_page_rep() called from copy_user_huge_page() called from
do_huge_pmd_wp_page().
I believe this is a DEBUG_PAGEALLOC false positive, due to the source
page being split, and a tail page freed, while copy is in progress; and
not a problem without DEBUG_PAGEALLOC, since the pmd_same() check will
prevent a miscopy from being made visible.
Fix by adding get_user_huge_page() and put_user_huge_page(): reducing to
the usual get_page() and put_page() on head page in the usual config;
but get and put references to all of the tail pages when
DEBUG_PAGEALLOC.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Reported-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Tested-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
It was using a mix of pr_foo() and printk(KERN_ERR ...).
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
It doesn't make sense to have two assert checks for each invariant: one
for printing and one for BUG().
Let's trigger BUG() if we print error message.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Sasha Levin has reported two THP BUGs[1][2]. I believe both of them
have the same root cause. Let's look to them one by one.
The first bug[1] is "kernel BUG at mm/huge_memory.c:1829!". It's
BUG_ON(mapcount != page_mapcount(page)) in __split_huge_page(). From my
testing I see that page_mapcount() is higher than mapcount here.
I think it happens due to race between zap_huge_pmd() and
page_check_address_pmd(). page_check_address_pmd() misses PMD which is
under zap:
CPU0 CPU1
zap_huge_pmd()
pmdp_get_and_clear()
__split_huge_page()
anon_vma_interval_tree_foreach()
__split_huge_page_splitting()
page_check_address_pmd()
mm_find_pmd()
/*
* We check if PMD present without taking ptl: no
* serialization against zap_huge_pmd(). We miss this PMD,
* it's not accounted to 'mapcount' in __split_huge_page().
*/
pmd_present(pmd) == 0
BUG_ON(mapcount != page_mapcount(page)) // CRASH!!!
page_remove_rmap(page)
atomic_add_negative(-1, &page->_mapcount)
The second bug[2] is "kernel BUG at mm/huge_memory.c:1371!".
It's VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageHead(page), page) in zap_huge_pmd().
This happens in similar way:
CPU0 CPU1
zap_huge_pmd()
pmdp_get_and_clear()
page_remove_rmap(page)
atomic_add_negative(-1, &page->_mapcount)
__split_huge_page()
anon_vma_interval_tree_foreach()
__split_huge_page_splitting()
page_check_address_pmd()
mm_find_pmd()
pmd_present(pmd) == 0 /* The same comment as above */
/*
* No crash this time since we already decremented page->_mapcount in
* zap_huge_pmd().
*/
BUG_ON(mapcount != page_mapcount(page))
/*
* We split the compound page here into small pages without
* serialization against zap_huge_pmd()
*/
__split_huge_page_refcount()
VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(!PageHead(page), page); // CRASH!!!
So my understanding the problem is pmd_present() check in mm_find_pmd()
without taking page table lock.
The bug was introduced by me commit with commit 117b0791ac. Sorry for
that. :(
Let's open code mm_find_pmd() in page_check_address_pmd() and do the
check under page table lock.
Note that __page_check_address() does the same for PTE entires
if sync != 0.
I've stress tested split and zap code paths for 36+ hours by now and
don't see crashes with the patch applied. Before it took <20 min to
trigger the first bug and few hours for second one (if we ignore
first).
[1] https://lkml.kernel.org/g/<53440991.9090001@oracle.com>
[2] https://lkml.kernel.org/g/<5310C56C.60709@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Reported-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Tested-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: Bob Liu <lliubbo@gmail.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: Dave Jones <davej@redhat.com>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> [3.13+]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
mem_cgroup_newpage_charge is used only for charging anonymous memory so
it is better to rename it to mem_cgroup_charge_anon.
mem_cgroup_cache_charge is used for file backed memory so rename it to
mem_cgroup_charge_file.
Signed-off-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The main motivation behind this patch is to provide a way to disable THP
for jobs where the code cannot be modified, and using a malloc hook with
madvise is not an option (i.e. statically allocated data). This patch
allows us to do just that, without affecting other jobs running on the
system.
We need to do this sort of thing for jobs where THP hurts performance,
due to the possibility of increased remote memory accesses that can be
created by situations such as the following:
When you touch 1 byte of an untouched, contiguous 2MB chunk, a THP will
be handed out, and the THP will be stuck on whatever node the chunk was
originally referenced from. If many remote nodes need to do work on
that same chunk, they'll be making remote accesses.
With THP disabled, 4K pages can be handed out to separate nodes as
they're needed, greatly reducing the amount of remote accesses to
memory.
This patch is based on some of my work combined with some
suggestions/patches given by Oleg Nesterov. The main goal here is to
add a prctl switch to allow us to disable to THP on a per mm_struct
basis.
Here's a bit of test data with the new patch in place...
First with the flag unset:
# perf stat -a ./prctl_wrapper_mmv3 0 ./thp_pthread -C 0 -m 0 -c 512 -b 256g
Setting thp_disabled for this task...
thp_disable: 0
Set thp_disabled state to 0
Process pid = 18027
PF/
MAX MIN TOTCPU/ TOT_PF/ TOT_PF/ WSEC/
TYPE: CPUS WALL WALL SYS USER TOTCPU CPU WALL_SEC SYS_SEC CPU NODES
512 1.120 0.060 0.000 0.110 0.110 0.000 28571428864 -9223372036854775808 55803572 23
Performance counter stats for './prctl_wrapper_mmv3_hack 0 ./thp_pthread -C 0 -m 0 -c 512 -b 256g':
273719072.841402 task-clock # 641.026 CPUs utilized [100.00%]
1,008,986 context-switches # 0.000 M/sec [100.00%]
7,717 CPU-migrations # 0.000 M/sec [100.00%]
1,698,932 page-faults # 0.000 M/sec
355,222,544,890,379 cycles # 1.298 GHz [100.00%]
536,445,412,234,588 stalled-cycles-frontend # 151.02% frontend cycles idle [100.00%]
409,110,531,310,223 stalled-cycles-backend # 115.17% backend cycles idle [100.00%]
148,286,797,266,411 instructions # 0.42 insns per cycle
# 3.62 stalled cycles per insn [100.00%]
27,061,793,159,503 branches # 98.867 M/sec [100.00%]
1,188,655,196 branch-misses # 0.00% of all branches
427.001706337 seconds time elapsed
Now with the flag set:
# perf stat -a ./prctl_wrapper_mmv3 1 ./thp_pthread -C 0 -m 0 -c 512 -b 256g
Setting thp_disabled for this task...
thp_disable: 1
Set thp_disabled state to 1
Process pid = 144957
PF/
MAX MIN TOTCPU/ TOT_PF/ TOT_PF/ WSEC/
TYPE: CPUS WALL WALL SYS USER TOTCPU CPU WALL_SEC SYS_SEC CPU NODES
512 0.620 0.260 0.250 0.320 0.570 0.001 51612901376 128000000000 100806448 23
Performance counter stats for './prctl_wrapper_mmv3_hack 1 ./thp_pthread -C 0 -m 0 -c 512 -b 256g':
138789390.540183 task-clock # 641.959 CPUs utilized [100.00%]
534,205 context-switches # 0.000 M/sec [100.00%]
4,595 CPU-migrations # 0.000 M/sec [100.00%]
63,133,119 page-faults # 0.000 M/sec
147,977,747,269,768 cycles # 1.066 GHz [100.00%]
200,524,196,493,108 stalled-cycles-frontend # 135.51% frontend cycles idle [100.00%]
105,175,163,716,388 stalled-cycles-backend # 71.07% backend cycles idle [100.00%]
180,916,213,503,160 instructions # 1.22 insns per cycle
# 1.11 stalled cycles per insn [100.00%]
26,999,511,005,868 branches # 194.536 M/sec [100.00%]
714,066,351 branch-misses # 0.00% of all branches
216.196778807 seconds time elapsed
As with previous versions of the patch, We're getting about a 2x
performance increase here. Here's a link to the test case I used, along
with the little wrapper to activate the flag:
http://oss.sgi.com/projects/memtests/thp_pthread_mmprctlv3.tar.gz
This patch (of 3):
Revert commit 8e72033f2a and add in code to fix up any issues caused
by the revert.
The revert is necessary because hugepage_madvise would return -EINVAL
when VM_NOHUGEPAGE is set, which will break subsequent chunks of this
patch set.
Here's a snip of an e-mail from Gerald detailing the original purpose of
this code, and providing justification for the revert:
"The intent of commit 8e72033f2a was to guard against any future
programming errors that may result in an madvice(MADV_HUGEPAGE) on
guest mappings, which would crash the kernel.
Martin suggested adding the bit to arch/s390/mm/pgtable.c, if
8e72033f2a was to be reverted, because that check will also prevent
a kernel crash in the case described above, it will now send a
SIGSEGV instead.
This would now also allow to do the madvise on other parts, if
needed, so it is a more flexible approach. One could also say that
it would have been better to do it this way right from the
beginning..."
Signed-off-by: Alex Thorlton <athorlton@sgi.com>
Suggested-by: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Gerald Schaefer <gerald.schaefer@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
I've realized that there's no need for do_huge_pmd_wp_zero_page_fallback().
We can just split zero page with split_huge_page_pmd() and return
VM_FAULT_FALLBACK. handle_pte_fault() will handle write-protection
fault for us.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Daniel Borkmann reported a VM_BUG_ON assertion failing:
------------[ cut here ]------------
kernel BUG at mm/mlock.c:528!
invalid opcode: 0000 [#1] SMP
Modules linked in: ccm arc4 iwldvm [...]
video
CPU: 3 PID: 2266 Comm: netsniff-ng Not tainted 3.14.0-rc2+ #8
Hardware name: LENOVO 2429BP3/2429BP3, BIOS G4ET37WW (1.12 ) 05/29/2012
task: ffff8801f87f9820 ti: ffff88002cb44000 task.ti: ffff88002cb44000
RIP: 0010:[<ffffffff81171ad0>] [<ffffffff81171ad0>] munlock_vma_pages_range+0x2e0/0x2f0
Call Trace:
do_munmap+0x18f/0x3b0
vm_munmap+0x41/0x60
SyS_munmap+0x22/0x30
system_call_fastpath+0x1a/0x1f
RIP munlock_vma_pages_range+0x2e0/0x2f0
---[ end trace a0088dcf07ae10f2 ]---
because munlock_vma_pages_range() thinks it's unexpectedly in the middle
of a THP page. This can be reproduced with default config since 3.11
kernels. A reproducer can be found in the kernel's selftest directory
for networking by running ./psock_tpacket.
The problem is that an order=2 compound page (allocated by
alloc_one_pg_vec_page() is part of the munlocked VM_MIXEDMAP vma (mapped
by packet_mmap()) and mistaken for a THP page and assumed to be order=9.
The checks for THP in munlock came with commit ff6a6da60b ("mm:
accelerate munlock() treatment of THP pages"), i.e. since 3.9, but did
not trigger a bug. It just makes munlock_vma_pages_range() skip such
compound pages until the next 512-pages-aligned page, when it encounters
a head page. This is however not a problem for vma's where mlocking has
no effect anyway, but it can distort the accounting.
Since commit 7225522bb4 ("mm: munlock: batch non-THP page isolation
and munlock+putback using pagevec") this can trigger a VM_BUG_ON in
PageTransHuge() check.
This patch fixes the issue by adding VM_MIXEDMAP flag to VM_SPECIAL, a
list of flags that make vma's non-mlockable and non-mergeable. The
reasoning is that VM_MIXEDMAP vma's are similar to VM_PFNMAP, which is
already on the VM_SPECIAL list, and both are intended for non-LRU pages
where mlocking makes no sense anyway. Related Lkml discussion can be
found in [2].
[1] tools/testing/selftests/net/psock_tpacket
[2] https://lkml.org/lkml/2014/1/10/427
Signed-off-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <dborkman@redhat.com>
Reported-by: Daniel Borkmann <dborkman@redhat.com>
Tested-by: Daniel Borkmann <dborkman@redhat.com>
Cc: Thomas Hellstrom <thellstrom@vmware.com>
Cc: John David Anglin <dave.anglin@bell.net>
Cc: HATAYAMA Daisuke <d.hatayama@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <khlebnikov@openvz.org>
Cc: Carsten Otte <cotte@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Jared Hulbert <jaredeh@gmail.com>
Tested-by: Hannes Frederic Sowa <hannes@stressinduktion.org>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> [3.11.x+]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Masayoshi Mizuma reported a bug with the hang of an application under
the memcg limit. It happens on write-protection fault to huge zero page
If we successfully allocate a huge page to replace zero page but hit the
memcg limit we need to split the zero page with split_huge_page_pmd()
and fallback to small pages.
The other part of the problem is that VM_FAULT_OOM has special meaning
in do_huge_pmd_wp_page() context. __handle_mm_fault() expects the page
to be split if it sees VM_FAULT_OOM and it will will retry page fault
handling. This causes an infinite loop if the page was not split.
do_huge_pmd_wp_zero_page_fallback() can return VM_FAULT_OOM if it failed
to allocate one small page, so fallback to small pages will not help.
The solution for this part is to replace VM_FAULT_OOM with
VM_FAULT_FALLBACK is fallback required.
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Reported-by: Masayoshi Mizuma <m.mizuma@jp.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Archs like ppc64 doesn't do tlb flush in set_pte/pmd functions when using
a hash table MMU for various reasons (the flush is handled as part of
the PTE modification when necessary).
ppc64 thus doesn't implement flush_tlb_range for hash based MMUs.
Additionally ppc64 require the tlb flushing to be batched within ptl locks.
The reason to do that is to ensure that the hash page table is in sync with
linux page table.
We track the hpte index in linux pte and if we clear them without flushing
hash and drop the ptl lock, we can have another cpu update the pte and can
end up with duplicate entry in the hash table, which is fatal.
We also want to keep set_pte_at simpler by not requiring them to do hash
flush for performance reason. We do that by assuming that set_pte_at() is
never *ever* called on a PTE that is already valid.
This was the case until the NUMA code went in which broke that assumption.
Fix that by introducing a new pair of helpers to set _PAGE_NUMA in a
way similar to ptep/pmdp_set_wrprotect(), with a generic implementation
using set_pte_at() and a powerpc specific one using the appropriate
mechanism needed to keep the hash table in sync.
Acked-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Pull powerpc mremap fix from Ben Herrenschmidt:
"This is the patch that I had sent after -rc8 and which we decided to
wait before merging. It's based on a different tree than my -next
branch (it needs some pre-reqs that were in -rc4 or so while my -next
is based on -rc1) so I left it as a separate branch for your to pull.
It's identical to the request I did 2 or 3 weeks back.
This fixes crashes in mremap with THP on powerpc.
The fix however requires a small change in the generic code. It moves
a condition into a helper we can override from the arch which is
harmless, but it *also* slightly changes the order of the set_pmd and
the withdraw & deposit, which should be fine according to Kirill (who
wrote that code) but I agree -rc8 is a bit late...
It was acked by Kirill and Andrew told me to just merge it via powerpc"
* 'merge' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/benh/powerpc:
powerpc/thp: Fix crash on mremap
Code that is obj-y (always built-in) or dependent on a bool Kconfig
(built-in or absent) can never be modular. So using module_init as an
alias for __initcall can be somewhat misleading.
Fix these up now, so that we can relocate module_init from init.h into
module.h in the future. If we don't do this, we'd have to add module.h
to obviously non-modular code, and that would be a worse thing.
The audit targets the following module_init users for change:
mm/ksm.c bool KSM
mm/mmap.c bool MMU
mm/huge_memory.c bool TRANSPARENT_HUGEPAGE
mm/mmu_notifier.c bool MMU_NOTIFIER
Note that direct use of __initcall is discouraged, vs. one of the
priority categorized subgroups. As __initcall gets mapped onto
device_initcall, our use of subsys_initcall (which makes sense for these
files) will thus change this registration from level 6-device to level
4-subsys (i.e. slightly earlier).
However no observable impact of that difference has been observed during
testing.
One might think that core_initcall (l2) or postcore_initcall (l3) would
be more appropriate for anything in mm/ but if we look at some actual
init functions themselves, we see things like:
mm/huge_memory.c --> hugepage_init --> hugepage_init_sysfs
mm/mmap.c --> init_user_reserve --> sysctl_user_reserve_kbytes
mm/ksm.c --> ksm_init --> sysfs_create_group
and hence the choice of subsys_initcall (l4) seems reasonable, and at
the same time minimizes the risk of changing the priority too
drastically all at once. We can adjust further in the future.
Also, several instances of missing ";" at EOL are fixed.
Signed-off-by: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
min_free_kbytes may be raised during THP's initialization. Sometimes,
this will change the value which was set by the user. Showing this
message will clarify this confusion.
Only show this message when changing a value which was set by the user
according to Michal Hocko's suggestion.
Show the old value of min_free_kbytes according to Dave Hansen's
suggestion. This will give user the chance to restore old value of
min_free_kbytes.
Signed-off-by: Han Pingtian <hanpt@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Reviewed-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.cz>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Most of the VM_BUG_ON assertions are performed on a page. Usually, when
one of these assertions fails we'll get a BUG_ON with a call stack and
the registers.
I've recently noticed based on the requests to add a small piece of code
that dumps the page to various VM_BUG_ON sites that the page dump is
quite useful to people debugging issues in mm.
This patch adds a VM_BUG_ON_PAGE(cond, page) which beyond doing what
VM_BUG_ON() does, also dumps the page before executing the actual
BUG_ON.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix up includes]
Signed-off-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: "Kirill A. Shutemov" <kirill@shutemov.name>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Add calls to the new mmu_notifier_invalidate_range() function to all
places in the VMM that need it.
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <jroedel@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Andrea Arcangeli <aarcange@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jérôme Glisse <jglisse@redhat.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <jweiner@redhat.com>
Cc: Jay Cornwall <Jay.Cornwall@amd.com>
Cc: Oded Gabbay <Oded.Gabbay@amd.com>
Cc: Suravee Suthikulpanit <Suravee.Suthikulpanit@amd.com>
Cc: Jesse Barnes <jbarnes@virtuousgeek.org>
Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Oded Gabbay <oded.gabbay@amd.com>
This patch fix the below crash
NIP [c00000000004cee4] .__hash_page_thp+0x2a4/0x440
LR [c0000000000439ac] .hash_page+0x18c/0x5e0
...
Call Trace:
[c000000736103c40] [00001ffffb000000] 0x1ffffb000000(unreliable)
[437908.479693] [c000000736103d50] [c0000000000439ac] .hash_page+0x18c/0x5e0
[437908.479699] [c000000736103e30] [c00000000000924c] .do_hash_page+0x4c/0x58
On ppc64 we use the pgtable for storing the hpte slot information and
store address to the pgtable at a constant offset (PTRS_PER_PMD) from
pmd. On mremap, when we switch the pmd, we need to withdraw and deposit
the pgtable again, so that we find the pgtable at PTRS_PER_PMD offset
from new pmd.
We also want to move the withdraw and deposit before the set_pmd so
that, when page fault find the pmd as trans huge we can be sure that
pgtable can be located at the offset.
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
We see General Protection Fault on RSI in copy_page_rep: that RSI is
what you get from a NULL struct page pointer.
RIP: 0010:[<ffffffff81154955>] [<ffffffff81154955>] copy_page_rep+0x5/0x10
RSP: 0000:ffff880136e15c00 EFLAGS: 00010286
RAX: ffff880000000000 RBX: ffff880136e14000 RCX: 0000000000000200
RDX: 6db6db6db6db6db7 RSI: db73880000000000 RDI: ffff880dd0c00000
RBP: ffff880136e15c18 R08: 0000000000000200 R09: 000000000005987c
R10: 000000000005987c R11: 0000000000000200 R12: 0000000000000001
R13: ffffea00305aa000 R14: 0000000000000000 R15: 0000000000000000
FS: 00007f195752f700(0000) GS:ffff880c7fc20000(0000) knlGS:0000000000000000
CS: 0010 DS: 0000 ES: 0000 CR0: 0000000080050033
CR2: 0000000093010000 CR3: 00000001458e1000 CR4: 00000000000027e0
Call Trace:
copy_user_huge_page+0x93/0xab
do_huge_pmd_wp_page+0x710/0x815
handle_mm_fault+0x15d8/0x1d70
__do_page_fault+0x14d/0x840
do_page_fault+0x2f/0x90
page_fault+0x22/0x30
do_huge_pmd_wp_page() tests is_huge_zero_pmd(orig_pmd) four times: but
since shrink_huge_zero_page() can free the huge_zero_page, and we have
no hold of our own on it here (except where the fourth test holds
page_table_lock and has checked pmd_same), it's possible for it to
answer yes the first time, but no to the second or third test. Change
all those last three to tests for NULL page.
(Note: this is not the same issue as trinity's DEBUG_PAGEALLOC BUG
in copy_page_rep with RSI: ffff88009c422000, reported by Sasha Levin
in https://lkml.org/lkml/2013/3/29/103. I believe that one is due
to the source page being split, and a tail page freed, while copy
is in progress; and not a problem without DEBUG_PAGEALLOC, since
the pmd_same check will prevent a miscopy from being made visible.)
Fixes: 97ae17497e ("thp: implement refcounting for huge zero page")
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org # v3.10 v3.11 v3.12
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Sasha Levin reported the following warning being triggered
WARNING: CPU: 28 PID: 35287 at mm/huge_memory.c:887 copy_huge_pmd+0x145/ 0x3a0()
Call Trace:
copy_huge_pmd+0x145/0x3a0
copy_page_range+0x3f2/0x560
dup_mmap+0x2c9/0x3d0
dup_mm+0xad/0x150
copy_process+0xa68/0x12e0
do_fork+0x96/0x270
SyS_clone+0x16/0x20
stub_clone+0x69/0x90
This warning was introduced by "mm: numa: Avoid unnecessary disruption
of NUMA hinting during migration" for paranoia reasons but the warning
is bogus. I was thinking of parallel races between NUMA hinting faults
and forks but this warning would also be triggered by a parallel reclaim
splitting a THP during a fork. Remote the bogus warning.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reported-by: Sasha Levin <sasha.levin@oracle.com>
Cc: Alex Thorlton <athorlton@sgi.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
THP migration can fail for a variety of reasons. Avoid flushing the TLB
to deal with THP migration races until the copy is ready to start.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Alex Thorlton <athorlton@sgi.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
There are a few subtle races, between change_protection_range (used by
mprotect and change_prot_numa) on one side, and NUMA page migration and
compaction on the other side.
The basic race is that there is a time window between when the PTE gets
made non-present (PROT_NONE or NUMA), and the TLB is flushed.
During that time, a CPU may continue writing to the page.
This is fine most of the time, however compaction or the NUMA migration
code may come in, and migrate the page away.
When that happens, the CPU may continue writing, through the cached
translation, to what is no longer the current memory location of the
process.
This only affects x86, which has a somewhat optimistic pte_accessible.
All other architectures appear to be safe, and will either always flush,
or flush whenever there is a valid mapping, even with no permissions
(SPARC).
The basic race looks like this:
CPU A CPU B CPU C
load TLB entry
make entry PTE/PMD_NUMA
fault on entry
read/write old page
start migrating page
change PTE/PMD to new page
read/write old page [*]
flush TLB
reload TLB from new entry
read/write new page
lose data
[*] the old page may belong to a new user at this point!
The obvious fix is to flush remote TLB entries, by making sure that
pte_accessible aware of the fact that PROT_NONE and PROT_NUMA memory may
still be accessible if there is a TLB flush pending for the mm.
This should fix both NUMA migration and compaction.
[mgorman@suse.de: fix build]
Signed-off-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Alex Thorlton <athorlton@sgi.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
do_huge_pmd_numa_page() handles the case where there is parallel THP
migration. However, by the time it is checked the NUMA hinting
information has already been disrupted. This patch adds an earlier
check with some helpers.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Alex Thorlton <athorlton@sgi.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
On a protection change it is no longer clear if the page should be still
accessible. This patch clears the NUMA hinting fault bits on a
protection change.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Alex Thorlton <athorlton@sgi.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The anon_vma lock prevents parallel THP splits and any associated
complexity that arises when handling splits during THP migration. This
patch checks if the lock was successfully acquired and bails from THP
migration if it failed for any reason.
Signed-off-by: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Alex Thorlton <athorlton@sgi.com>
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Zi Yan