Implement lock handoff to avoid lock starvation.
Lock starvation is possible because mutex_lock() allows lock stealing,
where a running (or optimistic spinning) task beats the woken waiter
to the acquire.
Lock stealing is an important performance optimization because waiting
for a waiter to wake up and get runtime can take a significant time,
during which everyboy would stall on the lock.
The down-side is of course that it allows for starvation.
This patch has the waiter requesting a handoff if it fails to acquire
the lock upon waking. This re-introduces some of the wait time,
because once we do a handoff we have to wait for the waiter to wake up
again.
A future patch will add a round of optimistic spinning to attempt to
alleviate this penalty, but if that turns out to not be enough, we can
add a counter and only request handoff after multiple failed wakeups.
There are a few tricky implementation details:
- accepting a handoff must only be done in the wait-loop. Since the
handoff condition is owner == current, it can easily cause
recursive locking trouble.
- accepting the handoff must be careful to provide the ACQUIRE
semantics.
- having the HANDOFF bit set on unlock requires care, we must not
clear the owner.
- we must be careful to not leave HANDOFF set after we've acquired
the lock. The tricky scenario is setting the HANDOFF bit on an
unlocked mutex.
Tested-by: Jason Low <jason.low2@hpe.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Waiman Long <Waiman.Long@hpe.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
The current mutex implementation has an atomic lock word and a
non-atomic owner field.
This disparity leads to a number of issues with the current mutex code
as it means that we can have a locked mutex without an explicit owner
(because the owner field has not been set, or already cleared).
This leads to a number of weird corner cases, esp. between the
optimistic spinning and debug code. Where the optimistic spinning
code needs the owner field updated inside the lock region, the debug
code is more relaxed because the whole lock is serialized by the
wait_lock.
Also, the spinning code itself has a few corner cases where we need to
deal with a held lock without an owner field.
Furthermore, it becomes even more of a problem when trying to fix
starvation cases in the current code. We end up stacking special case
on special case.
To solve this rework the basic mutex implementation to be a single
atomic word that contains the owner and uses the low bits for extra
state.
This matches how PI futexes and rt_mutex already work. By having the
owner an integral part of the lock state a lot of the problems
dissapear and we get a better option to deal with starvation cases,
direct owner handoff.
Changing the basic mutex does however invalidate all the arch specific
mutex code; this patch leaves that unused in-place, a later patch will
remove that.
Tested-by: Jason Low <jason.low2@hpe.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
None of the code actually wants a thread_info, it all wants a
task_struct, and it's just converting back and forth between the two
("ti->task" to get the task_struct from the thread_info, and
"task_thread_info(task)" to go the other way).
No semantic change.
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Recursive locking for ww_mutexes was originally conceived as an
exception. However, it is heavily used by the DRM atomic modesetting
code. Currently, the recursive deadlock is checked after we have queued
up for a busy-spin and as we never release the lock, we spin until
kicked, whereupon the deadlock is discovered and reported.
A simple solution for the now common problem is to move the recursive
deadlock discovery to the first action when taking the ww_mutex.
Suggested-by: Maarten Lankhorst <maarten.lankhorst@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Wilson <chris@chris-wilson.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Maarten Lankhorst <maarten.lankhorst@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1464293297-19777-1-git-send-email-chris@chris-wilson.co.uk
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Make use of wake-queues and enable the wakeup to occur after releasing the
wait_lock. This is similar to what we do with rtmutex top waiter,
slightly shortening the critical region and allow other waiters to
acquire the wait_lock sooner. In low contention cases it can also help
the recently woken waiter to find the wait_lock available (fastpath)
when it continues execution.
Reviewed-by: Waiman Long <Waiman.Long@hpe.com>
Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <dbueso@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Ding Tianhong <dingtianhong@huawei.com>
Cc: Jason Low <jason.low2@hp.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Waiman Long <waiman.long@hpe.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <Will.Deacon@arm.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160125022343.GA3322@linux-uzut.site
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
As of 654672d4ba (locking/atomics: Add _{acquire|release|relaxed}()
variants of some atomic operations) and 6d79ef2d30 (locking, asm-generic:
Add _{relaxed|acquire|release}() variants for 'atomic_long_t'), weakly
ordered archs can benefit from more relaxed use of barriers when locking
and unlocking, instead of regular full barrier semantics. While currently
only arm64 supports such optimizations, updating corresponding locking
primitives serves for other archs to immediately benefit as well, once the
necessary machinery is implemented of course.
Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <dbueso@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Paul E.McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1443643395-17016-3-git-send-email-dave@stgolabs.net
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Similar to what Linus suggested for rwsem_spin_on_owner(), in
mutex_spin_on_owner() instead of having while (true) and
breaking out of the spin loop on lock->owner != owner, we can
have the loop directly check for while (lock->owner == owner) to
improve the readability of the code.
It also shrinks the code a bit:
text data bss dec hex filename
3721 0 0 3721 e89 mutex.o.before
3705 0 0 3705 e79 mutex.o.after
Signed-off-by: Jason Low <jason.low2@hp.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Aswin Chandramouleeswaran <aswin@hp.com>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@linux.intel.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1428521960-5268-2-git-send-email-jason.low2@hp.com
[ Added code generation info. ]
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
With the new standardized functions, we can replace all
ACCESS_ONCE() calls across relevant locking - this includes
lockref and seqlock while at it.
ACCESS_ONCE() does not work reliably on non-scalar types.
For example gcc 4.6 and 4.7 might remove the volatile tag
for such accesses during the SRA (scalar replacement of
aggregates) step:
https://gcc.gnu.org/bugzilla/show_bug.cgi?id=58145
Update the new calls regardless of if it is a scalar type,
this is cleaner than having three alternatives.
Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <dbueso@suse.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1424662301.6539.18.camel@stgolabs.net
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
In order to optimize the spinning step, we need to set the lock
owner as soon as the lock is acquired; after a successful counter
cmpxchg operation, that is. This is particularly useful as rwsems
need to set the owner to nil for readers, so there is a greater
chance of falling out of the spinning. Currently we only set the
owner much later in the game, in the more generic level -- latency
can be specially bad when waiting for a node->next pointer when
releasing the osq in up_write calls.
As such, update the owner inside rwsem_try_write_lock (when the
lock is obtained after blocking) and rwsem_try_write_lock_unqueued
(when the lock is obtained while spinning). This requires creating
a new internal rwsem.h header to share the owner related calls.
Also cleanup some headers for mutex and rwsem.
Suggested-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <dbueso@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Jason Low <jason.low2@hp.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@linux.intel.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1422609267-15102-4-git-send-email-dave@stgolabs.net
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
As suggested by Davidlohr, we could refactor mutex_spin_on_owner().
Currently, we split up owner_running() with mutex_spin_on_owner().
When the owner changes, we make duplicate owner checks which are not
necessary. It also makes the code a bit obscure as we are using a
second check to figure out why we broke out of the loop.
This patch modifies it such that we remove the owner_running() function
and the mutex_spin_on_owner() loop directly checks for if the owner changes,
if the owner is not running, or if we need to reschedule. If the owner
changes, we break out of the loop and return true. If the owner is not
running or if we need to reschedule, then break out of the loop and return
false.
Suggested-by: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net>
Signed-off-by: Jason Low <jason.low2@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Aswin Chandramouleeswaran <aswin@hp.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: chegu_vinod@hp.com
Cc: tglx@linutronix.de
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1422914367-5574-3-git-send-email-jason.low2@hp.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
In the mutex_spin_on_owner(), we return true only if lock->owner == NULL.
This was beneficial in situations where there were multiple threads
simultaneously spinning for the mutex. If another thread got the lock
while other spinner(s) were also doing mutex_spin_on_owner(), then the
other spinners would stop spinning. This workaround helped reduce the
chance that many spinners were simultaneously spinning for the mutex
which can help reduce contention in highly contended cases.
However, recent changes were made to the optimistic spinning code such
that instead of having all spinners simultaneously spin for the mutex,
we queue the spinners with an MCS lock such that only one thread spins
for the mutex at a time. Furthermore, the OSQ optimizations ensure that
spinners in the queue will stop waiting if it needs to reschedule.
Now, we don't have to worry about multiple threads spinning on owner
at the same time, and if lock->owner is not NULL at this point, it likely
means another thread happens to obtain the lock in the fastpath. In this
case, it would make sense for the spinner to continue spinning as long
as the spinner doesn't need to schedule and the mutex owner is running.
This patch changes this so that mutex_spin_on_owner() returns true when
the lock owner changes, which means a thread will only stop spinning
if it either needs to reschedule or if the lock owner is not running.
We saw up to a 5% performance improvement in the fserver workload with
this patch.
Signed-off-by: Jason Low <jason.low2@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Acked-by: Davidlohr Bueso <dave@stgolabs.net>
Cc: Aswin Chandramouleeswaran <aswin@hp.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: chegu_vinod@hp.com
Cc: tglx@linutronix.de
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1422914367-5574-2-git-send-email-jason.low2@hp.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Pull scheduler updates from Ingo Molnar:
"The main scheduler changes in this cycle were:
- various sched/deadline fixes and enhancements
- rescheduling latency fixes/cleanups
- rework the rq->clock code to be more consistent and more robust.
- minor micro-optimizations
- ->avg.decay_count fixes
- add a stack overflow check to might_sleep()
- idle-poll handler fix, possibly resulting in power savings
- misc smaller updates and fixes"
* 'sched-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip:
sched/Documentation: Remove unneeded word
sched/wait: Introduce wait_on_bit_timeout()
sched: Pull resched loop to __schedule() callers
sched/deadline: Remove cpu_active_mask from cpudl_find()
sched: Fix hrtick_start() on UP
sched/deadline: Avoid pointless __setscheduler()
sched/deadline: Fix stale yield state
sched/deadline: Fix hrtick for a non-leftmost task
sched/deadline: Modify cpudl::free_cpus to reflect rd->online
sched/idle: Add missing checks to the exit condition of cpu_idle_poll()
sched: Fix missing preemption opportunity
sched/rt: Reduce rq lock contention by eliminating locking of non-feasible target
sched/debug: Print rq->clock_task
sched/core: Rework rq->clock update skips
sched/core: Validate rq_clock*() serialization
sched/core: Remove check of p->sched_class
sched/fair: Fix sched_entity::avg::decay_count initialization
sched/debug: Fix potential call to __ffs(0) in sched_show_task()
sched/debug: Check for stack overflow in ___might_sleep()
sched/fair: Fix the dealing with decay_count in __synchronize_entity_decay()
By the time we wake up and get the lock after being asleep
in the slowpath, we better be running. As good practice,
be explicit about this and avoid any mischief.
Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <dbueso@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1421717961.4903.11.camel@stgolabs.net
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
The second 'mutex' shouldn't be there, it can't be about the mutex,
as the mutex can't be freed, but unlocked, the memory where the
mutex resides however, can be freed.
Signed-off-by: Sharon Dvir <sharon.dvir1@mail.huji.ac.il>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1422827252-31363-1-git-send-email-sharon.dvir1@mail.huji.ac.il
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
... which is equivalent to the fastpath counter part.
This mainly allows getting some WW specific code out
of generic mutex paths.
Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <dbueso@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1420573509-24774-4-git-send-email-dave@stgolabs.net
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
It serves much better if the comments are right before the osq_lock() call.
Also delete a useless comment.
Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <dbueso@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1420573509-24774-3-git-send-email-dave@stgolabs.net
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Mark it so by renaming __mutex_lock_check_stamp().
Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <dbueso@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1420573509-24774-2-git-send-email-dave@stgolabs.net
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
We're going to make might_sleep() test for TASK_RUNNING, because
blocking without TASK_RUNNING will destroy the task state by setting
it to TASK_RUNNING.
There are a few occasions where its 'valid' to call blocking
primitives (and mutex_lock in particular) and not have TASK_RUNNING,
typically such cases are right before we set TASK_RUNNING anyhow.
Robustify the code by not assuming this; this has the beneficial side
effect of allowing optional code emission for fixing the above
might_sleep() false positives.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: tglx@linutronix.de
Cc: ilya.dryomov@inktank.com
Cc: umgwanakikbuti@gmail.com
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20140924082241.988560063@infradead.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
When we fail to acquire the mutex in the fastpath, we end up calling
__mutex_lock_common(). A *lot* goes on in this function. Move out the
optimistic spinning code into mutex_optimistic_spin() and simplify
the former a bit. Furthermore, this is similar to what we have in
rwsems. No logical changes.
Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr@hp.com>
Acked-by: Jason Low <jason.low2@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: aswin@hp.com
Cc: mingo@kernel.org
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1406752916-3341-4-git-send-email-davidlohr@hp.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
When unlocking, we always want to reach the slowpath with the lock's counter
indicating it is unlocked. -- as returned by the asm fastpath call or by
explicitly setting it. While doing so, at least in theory, we can optimize
and allow faster lock stealing.
When unlocking, we always want to reach the slowpath with the lock's counter
indicating it is unlocked. -- as returned by the asm fastpath call or by
explicitly setting it. While doing so, at least in theory, we can optimize
and allow faster lock stealing.
Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: jason.low2@hp.com
Cc: aswin@hp.com
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1406752916-3341-2-git-send-email-davidlohr@hp.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Just how the locking-end behaves, when unlocking, go ahead and
obtain the proper data structure immediately after the previous
(asm-end) call exits and there are (probably) pending waiters.
This simplifies a bit some of the layering.
Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: jason.low2@hp.com
Cc: aswin@hp.com
Cc: mingo@kernel.org
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1406752916-3341-1-git-send-email-davidlohr@hp.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
The arch_mutex_cpu_relax() function, introduced by 34b133f, is
hacky and ugly. It was added a few years ago to address the fact
that common cpu_relax() calls include yielding on s390, and thus
impact the optimistic spinning functionality of mutexes. Nowadays
we use this function well beyond mutexes: rwsem, qrwlock, mcs and
lockref. Since the macro that defines the call is in the mutex header,
any users must include mutex.h and the naming is misleading as well.
This patch (i) renames the call to cpu_relax_lowlatency ("relax, but
only if you can do it with very low latency") and (ii) defines it in
each arch's asm/processor.h local header, just like for regular cpu_relax
functions. On all archs, except s390, cpu_relax_lowlatency is simply cpu_relax,
and thus we can take it out of mutex.h. While this can seem redundant,
I believe it is a good choice as it allows us to move out arch specific
logic from generic locking primitives and enables future(?) archs to
transparently define it, similarly to System Z.
Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Anton Blanchard <anton@samba.org>
Cc: Aurelien Jacquiot <a-jacquiot@ti.com>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Bharat Bhushan <r65777@freescale.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Chen Liqin <liqin.linux@gmail.com>
Cc: Chris Metcalf <cmetcalf@tilera.com>
Cc: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Chris Zankel <chris@zankel.net>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Deepthi Dharwar <deepthi@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Dominik Dingel <dingel@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Fenghua Yu <fenghua.yu@intel.com>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Guan Xuetao <gxt@mprc.pku.edu.cn>
Cc: Haavard Skinnemoen <hskinnemoen@gmail.com>
Cc: Hans-Christian Egtvedt <egtvedt@samfundet.no>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Helge Deller <deller@gmx.de>
Cc: Hirokazu Takata <takata@linux-m32r.org>
Cc: Ivan Kokshaysky <ink@jurassic.park.msu.ru>
Cc: James E.J. Bottomley <jejb@parisc-linux.org>
Cc: James Hogan <james.hogan@imgtec.com>
Cc: Jason Wang <jasowang@redhat.com>
Cc: Jesper Nilsson <jesper.nilsson@axis.com>
Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Cc: Jonas Bonn <jonas@southpole.se>
Cc: Joseph Myers <joseph@codesourcery.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Koichi Yasutake <yasutake.koichi@jp.panasonic.com>
Cc: Lennox Wu <lennox.wu@gmail.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Cc: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com>
Cc: Michael Neuling <mikey@neuling.org>
Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu>
Cc: Mikael Starvik <starvik@axis.com>
Cc: Nicolas Pitre <nico@linaro.org>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Paul Burton <paul.burton@imgtec.com>
Cc: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Qais Yousef <qais.yousef@imgtec.com>
Cc: Qiaowei Ren <qiaowei.ren@intel.com>
Cc: Rafael Wysocki <rafael.j.wysocki@intel.com>
Cc: Ralf Baechle <ralf@linux-mips.org>
Cc: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Cc: Richard Kuo <rkuo@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Russell King <linux@arm.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Steven Miao <realmz6@gmail.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <srostedt@redhat.com>
Cc: Stratos Karafotis <stratosk@semaphore.gr>
Cc: Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Vasily Kulikov <segoon@openwall.com>
Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
Cc: Vineet Gupta <Vineet.Gupta1@synopsys.com>
Cc: Waiman Long <Waiman.Long@hp.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Cc: Wolfram Sang <wsa@the-dreams.de>
Cc: adi-buildroot-devel@lists.sourceforge.net
Cc: linux390@de.ibm.com
Cc: linux-alpha@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-am33-list@redhat.com
Cc: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org
Cc: linux-c6x-dev@linux-c6x.org
Cc: linux-cris-kernel@axis.com
Cc: linux-hexagon@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-ia64@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux@lists.openrisc.net
Cc: linux-m32r-ja@ml.linux-m32r.org
Cc: linux-m32r@ml.linux-m32r.org
Cc: linux-m68k@lists.linux-m68k.org
Cc: linux-metag@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-mips@linux-mips.org
Cc: linux-parisc@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linuxppc-dev@lists.ozlabs.org
Cc: linux-s390@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-sh@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-xtensa@linux-xtensa.org
Cc: sparclinux@vger.kernel.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1404079773.2619.4.camel@buesod1.americas.hpqcorp.net
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Currently, we initialize the osq lock by directly setting the lock's values. It
would be preferable if we use an init macro to do the initialization like we do
with other locks.
This patch introduces and uses a macro and function for initializing the osq lock.
Signed-off-by: Jason Low <jason.low2@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Scott Norton <scott.norton@hp.com>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Waiman Long <waiman.long@hp.com>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr@hp.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Cc: Aswin Chandramouleeswaran <aswin@hp.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Chris Mason <clm@fb.com>
Cc: Josef Bacik <jbacik@fusionio.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1405358872-3732-4-git-send-email-jason.low2@hp.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
The cancellable MCS spinlock is currently used to queue threads that are
doing optimistic spinning. It uses per-cpu nodes, where a thread obtaining
the lock would access and queue the local node corresponding to the CPU that
it's running on. Currently, the cancellable MCS lock is implemented by using
pointers to these nodes.
In this patch, instead of operating on pointers to the per-cpu nodes, we
store the CPU numbers in which the per-cpu nodes correspond to in atomic_t.
A similar concept is used with the qspinlock.
By operating on the CPU # of the nodes using atomic_t instead of pointers
to those nodes, this can reduce the overhead of the cancellable MCS spinlock
by 32 bits (on 64 bit systems).
Signed-off-by: Jason Low <jason.low2@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Scott Norton <scott.norton@hp.com>
Cc: "Paul E. McKenney" <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Waiman Long <waiman.long@hp.com>
Cc: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr@hp.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Cc: Aswin Chandramouleeswaran <aswin@hp.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Chris Mason <clm@fb.com>
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Josef Bacik <jbacik@fusionio.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1405358872-3732-3-git-send-email-jason.low2@hp.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
The mutex_trylock() function calls into __mutex_trylock_fastpath() when
trying to obtain the mutex. On 32 bit x86, in the !__HAVE_ARCH_CMPXCHG
case, __mutex_trylock_fastpath() calls directly into __mutex_trylock_slowpath()
regardless of whether or not the mutex is locked.
In __mutex_trylock_slowpath(), we then acquire the wait_lock spinlock, xchg()
lock->count with -1, then set lock->count back to 0 if there are no waiters,
and return true if the prev lock count was 1.
However, if the mutex is already locked, then there isn't much point
in attempting all of the above expensive operations. In this patch, we only
attempt the above trylock operations if the mutex is unlocked.
Signed-off-by: Jason Low <jason.low2@hp.com>
Reviewed-by: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: akpm@linux-foundation.org
Cc: tim.c.chen@linux.intel.com
Cc: paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org
Cc: Waiman.Long@hp.com
Cc: scott.norton@hp.com
Cc: aswin@hp.com
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1402511843-4721-5-git-send-email-jason.low2@hp.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Upon entering the slowpath in __mutex_lock_common(), we try once more to
acquire the mutex. We only try to acquire if (lock->count >= 0). However,
what we actually want here is to try to acquire if the mutex is unlocked
(lock->count == 1).
This patch changes it so that we only try-acquire the mutex upon entering
the slowpath if it is unlocked, rather than if the lock count is non-negative.
This helps further reduce unnecessary atomic xchg() operations.
Furthermore, this patch uses !mutex_is_locked(lock) to do the initial
checks for if the lock is free rather than directly calling atomic_read()
on the lock->count, in order to improve readability.
Signed-off-by: Jason Low <jason.low2@hp.com>
Acked-by: Waiman Long <Waiman.Long@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: akpm@linux-foundation.org
Cc: tim.c.chen@linux.intel.com
Cc: paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org
Cc: davidlohr@hp.com
Cc: scott.norton@hp.com
Cc: aswin@hp.com
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1402511843-4721-4-git-send-email-jason.low2@hp.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
MUTEX_SHOW_NO_WAITER() is a macro which checks for if there are
"no waiters" on a mutex by checking if the lock count is non-negative.
Based on feedback from the discussion in the earlier version of this
patchset, the macro is not very readable.
Furthermore, checking lock->count isn't always the correct way to
determine if there are "no waiters" on a mutex. For example, a negative
count on a mutex really only means that there "potentially" are
waiters. Likewise, there can be waiters on the mutex even if the count is
non-negative. Thus, "MUTEX_SHOW_NO_WAITER" doesn't always do what the name
of the macro suggests.
So this patch deletes the MUTEX_SHOW_NO_WAITERS() macro, directly
use atomic_read() instead of the macro, and adds comments which
elaborate on how the extra atomic_read() checks can help reduce
unnecessary xchg() operations.
Signed-off-by: Jason Low <jason.low2@hp.com>
Acked-by: Waiman Long <Waiman.Long@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: akpm@linux-foundation.org
Cc: tim.c.chen@linux.intel.com
Cc: paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org
Cc: davidlohr@hp.com
Cc: scott.norton@hp.com
Cc: aswin@hp.com
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1402511843-4721-3-git-send-email-jason.low2@hp.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Pull x86 LTO changes from Peter Anvin:
"More infrastructure work in preparation for link-time optimization
(LTO). Most of these changes is to make sure symbols accessed from
assembly code are properly marked as visible so the linker doesn't
remove them.
My understanding is that the changes to support LTO are still not
upstream in binutils, but are on the way there. This patchset should
conclude the x86-specific changes, and remaining patches to actually
enable LTO will be fed through the Kbuild tree (other than keeping up
with changes to the x86 code base, of course), although not
necessarily in this merge window"
* 'x86-asmlinkage-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (25 commits)
Kbuild, lto: Handle basic LTO in modpost
Kbuild, lto: Disable LTO for asm-offsets.c
Kbuild, lto: Add a gcc-ld script to let run gcc as ld
Kbuild, lto: add ld-version and ld-ifversion macros
Kbuild, lto: Drop .number postfixes in modpost
Kbuild, lto, workaround: Don't warn for initcall_reference in modpost
lto: Disable LTO for sys_ni
lto: Handle LTO common symbols in module loader
lto, workaround: Add workaround for initcall reordering
lto: Make asmlinkage __visible
x86, lto: Disable LTO for the x86 VDSO
initconst, x86: Fix initconst mistake in ts5500 code
initconst: Fix initconst mistake in dcdbas
asmlinkage: Make trace_hardirqs_on/off_caller visible
asmlinkage, x86: Fix 32bit memcpy for LTO
asmlinkage Make __stack_chk_failed and memcmp visible
asmlinkage: Mark rwsem functions that can be called from assembler asmlinkage
asmlinkage: Make main_extable_sort_needed visible
asmlinkage, mutex: Mark __visible
asmlinkage: Make trace_hardirq visible
...
OK, so commit:
1d8fe7dc80 ("locking/mutexes: Unlock the mutex without the wait_lock")
generates this boot warning when CONFIG_DEBUG_MUTEXES=y:
WARNING: CPU: 0 PID: 139 at /usr/src/linux-2.6/kernel/locking/mutex-debug.c:82 debug_mutex_unlock+0x155/0x180() DEBUG_LOCKS_WARN_ON(lock->owner != current)
And that makes sense, because as soon as we release the lock a
new owner can come in...
One would think that !__mutex_slowpath_needs_to_unlock()
implementations suffer the same, but for DEBUG we fall back to
mutex-null.h which has an unconditional 1 for that.
The mutex debug code requires the mutex to be unlocked after
doing the debug checks, otherwise it can find inconsistent
state.
Reported-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: jason.low2@hp.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20140312122442.GB27965@twins.programming.kicks-ass.net
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Add in an extra reschedule in an attempt to avoid getting reschedule
the moment we've acquired the lock.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-zah5eyn9gu7qlgwh9r6n2anc@git.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
The mutex->spin_mlock was introduced in order to ensure that only 1 thread
spins for lock acquisition at a time to reduce cache line contention. When
lock->owner is NULL and the lock->count is still not 1, the spinner(s) will
continually release and obtain the lock->spin_mlock. This can generate
quite a bit of overhead/contention, and also might just delay the spinner
from getting the lock.
This patch modifies the way optimistic spinners are queued by queuing before
entering the optimistic spinning loop as oppose to acquiring before every
call to mutex_spin_on_owner(). So in situations where the spinner requires
a few extra spins before obtaining the lock, then there will only be 1 spinner
trying to get the lock and it will avoid the overhead from unnecessarily
unlocking and locking the spin_mlock.
Signed-off-by: Jason Low <jason.low2@hp.com>
Cc: tglx@linutronix.de
Cc: riel@redhat.com
Cc: akpm@linux-foundation.org
Cc: davidlohr@hp.com
Cc: hpa@zytor.com
Cc: andi@firstfloor.org
Cc: aswin@hp.com
Cc: scott.norton@hp.com
Cc: chegu_vinod@hp.com
Cc: Waiman.Long@hp.com
Cc: paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Cc: torvalds@linux-foundation.org
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1390936396-3962-3-git-send-email-jason.low2@hp.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
The mcs_spinlock code is not meant (or suitable) as a generic locking
primitive, therefore take it away from the normal includes and place
it in kernel/locking/.
This way the locking primitives implemented there can use it as part
of their implementation but we do not risk it getting used
inapropriately.
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/n/tip-byirmpamgr7h25m5kyavwpzx@git.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Various kernel/mutex.c functions can be called from
inline assembler, so they should be all global and
__visible.
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@linux.intel.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1391845930-28580-7-git-send-email-ak@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
We will need the MCS lock code for doing optimistic spinning for rwsem
and queued rwlock. Extracting the MCS code from mutex.c and put into
its own file allow us to reuse this code easily.
We also inline mcs_spin_lock and mcs_spin_unlock functions
for better efficiency.
Note that using the smp_load_acquire/smp_store_release pair used in
mcs_lock and mcs_unlock is not sufficient to form a full memory barrier
across cpus for many architectures (except x86). For applications that
absolutely need a full barrier across multiple cpus with mcs_unlock and
mcs_lock pair, smp_mb__after_unlock_lock() should be used after mcs_lock.
Reviewed-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Davidlohr Bueso <davidlohr@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1390347360.3138.63.camel@schen9-DESK
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
This patch corrects the way memory barriers are used in the MCS lock
with smp_load_acquire and smp_store_release fucnctions. The previous
barriers could leak critical sections if mcs lock is used by itself.
It is not a problem when mcs lock is embedded in mutex but will be an
issue when the mcs_lock is used elsewhere.
The patch removes the incorrect barriers and put in correct
barriers with the pair of functions smp_load_acquire and smp_store_release.
Suggested-by: Michel Lespinasse <walken@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Waiman Long <Waiman.Long@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Jason Low <jason.low2@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1390347353.3138.62.camel@schen9-DESK
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Peter Zijlstra