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Merge tag 'idmapped-mounts-v5.12' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/brauner/linux
Pull idmapped mounts from Christian Brauner:
"This introduces idmapped mounts which has been in the making for some
time. Simply put, different mounts can expose the same file or
directory with different ownership. This initial implementation comes
with ports for fat, ext4 and with Christoph's port for xfs with more
filesystems being actively worked on by independent people and
maintainers.
Idmapping mounts handle a wide range of long standing use-cases. Here
are just a few:
- Idmapped mounts make it possible to easily share files between
multiple users or multiple machines especially in complex
scenarios. For example, idmapped mounts will be used in the
implementation of portable home directories in
systemd-homed.service(8) where they allow users to move their home
directory to an external storage device and use it on multiple
computers where they are assigned different uids and gids. This
effectively makes it possible to assign random uids and gids at
login time.
- It is possible to share files from the host with unprivileged
containers without having to change ownership permanently through
chown(2).
- It is possible to idmap a container's rootfs and without having to
mangle every file. For example, Chromebooks use it to share the
user's Download folder with their unprivileged containers in their
Linux subsystem.
- It is possible to share files between containers with
non-overlapping idmappings.
- Filesystem that lack a proper concept of ownership such as fat can
use idmapped mounts to implement discretionary access (DAC)
permission checking.
- They allow users to efficiently changing ownership on a per-mount
basis without having to (recursively) chown(2) all files. In
contrast to chown (2) changing ownership of large sets of files is
instantenous with idmapped mounts. This is especially useful when
ownership of a whole root filesystem of a virtual machine or
container is changed. With idmapped mounts a single syscall
mount_setattr syscall will be sufficient to change the ownership of
all files.
- Idmapped mounts always take the current ownership into account as
idmappings specify what a given uid or gid is supposed to be mapped
to. This contrasts with the chown(2) syscall which cannot by itself
take the current ownership of the files it changes into account. It
simply changes the ownership to the specified uid and gid. This is
especially problematic when recursively chown(2)ing a large set of
files which is commong with the aforementioned portable home
directory and container and vm scenario.
- Idmapped mounts allow to change ownership locally, restricting it
to specific mounts, and temporarily as the ownership changes only
apply as long as the mount exists.
Several userspace projects have either already put up patches and
pull-requests for this feature or will do so should you decide to pull
this:
- systemd: In a wide variety of scenarios but especially right away
in their implementation of portable home directories.
https://systemd.io/HOME_DIRECTORY/
- container runtimes: containerd, runC, LXD:To share data between
host and unprivileged containers, unprivileged and privileged
containers, etc. The pull request for idmapped mounts support in
containerd, the default Kubernetes runtime is already up for quite
a while now: https://github.com/containerd/containerd/pull/4734
- The virtio-fs developers and several users have expressed interest
in using this feature with virtual machines once virtio-fs is
ported.
- ChromeOS: Sharing host-directories with unprivileged containers.
I've tightly synced with all those projects and all of those listed
here have also expressed their need/desire for this feature on the
mailing list. For more info on how people use this there's a bunch of
talks about this too. Here's just two recent ones:
https://www.cncf.io/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Rootless-Containers-in-Gitpod.pdfhttps://fosdem.org/2021/schedule/event/containers_idmap/
This comes with an extensive xfstests suite covering both ext4 and
xfs:
https://git.kernel.org/brauner/xfstests-dev/h/idmapped_mounts
It covers truncation, creation, opening, xattrs, vfscaps, setid
execution, setgid inheritance and more both with idmapped and
non-idmapped mounts. It already helped to discover an unrelated xfs
setgid inheritance bug which has since been fixed in mainline. It will
be sent for inclusion with the xfstests project should you decide to
merge this.
In order to support per-mount idmappings vfsmounts are marked with
user namespaces. The idmapping of the user namespace will be used to
map the ids of vfs objects when they are accessed through that mount.
By default all vfsmounts are marked with the initial user namespace.
The initial user namespace is used to indicate that a mount is not
idmapped. All operations behave as before and this is verified in the
testsuite.
Based on prior discussions we want to attach the whole user namespace
and not just a dedicated idmapping struct. This allows us to reuse all
the helpers that already exist for dealing with idmappings instead of
introducing a whole new range of helpers. In addition, if we decide in
the future that we are confident enough to enable unprivileged users
to setup idmapped mounts the permission checking can take into account
whether the caller is privileged in the user namespace the mount is
currently marked with.
The user namespace the mount will be marked with can be specified by
passing a file descriptor refering to the user namespace as an
argument to the new mount_setattr() syscall together with the new
MOUNT_ATTR_IDMAP flag. The system call follows the openat2() pattern
of extensibility.
The following conditions must be met in order to create an idmapped
mount:
- The caller must currently have the CAP_SYS_ADMIN capability in the
user namespace the underlying filesystem has been mounted in.
- The underlying filesystem must support idmapped mounts.
- The mount must not already be idmapped. This also implies that the
idmapping of a mount cannot be altered once it has been idmapped.
- The mount must be a detached/anonymous mount, i.e. it must have
been created by calling open_tree() with the OPEN_TREE_CLONE flag
and it must not already have been visible in the filesystem.
The last two points guarantee easier semantics for userspace and the
kernel and make the implementation significantly simpler.
By default vfsmounts are marked with the initial user namespace and no
behavioral or performance changes are observed.
The manpage with a detailed description can be found here:
1d7b902e28
In order to support idmapped mounts, filesystems need to be changed
and mark themselves with the FS_ALLOW_IDMAP flag in fs_flags. The
patches to convert individual filesystem are not very large or
complicated overall as can be seen from the included fat, ext4, and
xfs ports. Patches for other filesystems are actively worked on and
will be sent out separately. The xfstestsuite can be used to verify
that port has been done correctly.
The mount_setattr() syscall is motivated independent of the idmapped
mounts patches and it's been around since July 2019. One of the most
valuable features of the new mount api is the ability to perform
mounts based on file descriptors only.
Together with the lookup restrictions available in the openat2()
RESOLVE_* flag namespace which we added in v5.6 this is the first time
we are close to hardened and race-free (e.g. symlinks) mounting and
path resolution.
While userspace has started porting to the new mount api to mount
proper filesystems and create new bind-mounts it is currently not
possible to change mount options of an already existing bind mount in
the new mount api since the mount_setattr() syscall is missing.
With the addition of the mount_setattr() syscall we remove this last
restriction and userspace can now fully port to the new mount api,
covering every use-case the old mount api could. We also add the
crucial ability to recursively change mount options for a whole mount
tree, both removing and adding mount options at the same time. This
syscall has been requested multiple times by various people and
projects.
There is a simple tool available at
https://github.com/brauner/mount-idmapped
that allows to create idmapped mounts so people can play with this
patch series. I'll add support for the regular mount binary should you
decide to pull this in the following weeks:
Here's an example to a simple idmapped mount of another user's home
directory:
u1001@f2-vm:/$ sudo ./mount --idmap both:1000:1001:1 /home/ubuntu/ /mnt
u1001@f2-vm:/$ ls -al /home/ubuntu/
total 28
drwxr-xr-x 2 ubuntu ubuntu 4096 Oct 28 22:07 .
drwxr-xr-x 4 root root 4096 Oct 28 04:00 ..
-rw------- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 3154 Oct 28 22:12 .bash_history
-rw-r--r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 220 Feb 25 2020 .bash_logout
-rw-r--r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 3771 Feb 25 2020 .bashrc
-rw-r--r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 807 Feb 25 2020 .profile
-rw-r--r-- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 0 Oct 16 16:11 .sudo_as_admin_successful
-rw------- 1 ubuntu ubuntu 1144 Oct 28 00:43 .viminfo
u1001@f2-vm:/$ ls -al /mnt/
total 28
drwxr-xr-x 2 u1001 u1001 4096 Oct 28 22:07 .
drwxr-xr-x 29 root root 4096 Oct 28 22:01 ..
-rw------- 1 u1001 u1001 3154 Oct 28 22:12 .bash_history
-rw-r--r-- 1 u1001 u1001 220 Feb 25 2020 .bash_logout
-rw-r--r-- 1 u1001 u1001 3771 Feb 25 2020 .bashrc
-rw-r--r-- 1 u1001 u1001 807 Feb 25 2020 .profile
-rw-r--r-- 1 u1001 u1001 0 Oct 16 16:11 .sudo_as_admin_successful
-rw------- 1 u1001 u1001 1144 Oct 28 00:43 .viminfo
u1001@f2-vm:/$ touch /mnt/my-file
u1001@f2-vm:/$ setfacl -m u:1001:rwx /mnt/my-file
u1001@f2-vm:/$ sudo setcap -n 1001 cap_net_raw+ep /mnt/my-file
u1001@f2-vm:/$ ls -al /mnt/my-file
-rw-rwxr--+ 1 u1001 u1001 0 Oct 28 22:14 /mnt/my-file
u1001@f2-vm:/$ ls -al /home/ubuntu/my-file
-rw-rwxr--+ 1 ubuntu ubuntu 0 Oct 28 22:14 /home/ubuntu/my-file
u1001@f2-vm:/$ getfacl /mnt/my-file
getfacl: Removing leading '/' from absolute path names
# file: mnt/my-file
# owner: u1001
# group: u1001
user::rw-
user:u1001:rwx
group::rw-
mask::rwx
other::r--
u1001@f2-vm:/$ getfacl /home/ubuntu/my-file
getfacl: Removing leading '/' from absolute path names
# file: home/ubuntu/my-file
# owner: ubuntu
# group: ubuntu
user::rw-
user:ubuntu:rwx
group::rw-
mask::rwx
other::r--"
* tag 'idmapped-mounts-v5.12' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/brauner/linux: (41 commits)
xfs: remove the possibly unused mp variable in xfs_file_compat_ioctl
xfs: support idmapped mounts
ext4: support idmapped mounts
fat: handle idmapped mounts
tests: add mount_setattr() selftests
fs: introduce MOUNT_ATTR_IDMAP
fs: add mount_setattr()
fs: add attr_flags_to_mnt_flags helper
fs: split out functions to hold writers
namespace: only take read lock in do_reconfigure_mnt()
mount: make {lock,unlock}_mount_hash() static
namespace: take lock_mount_hash() directly when changing flags
nfs: do not export idmapped mounts
overlayfs: do not mount on top of idmapped mounts
ecryptfs: do not mount on top of idmapped mounts
ima: handle idmapped mounts
apparmor: handle idmapped mounts
fs: make helpers idmap mount aware
exec: handle idmapped mounts
would_dump: handle idmapped mounts
...
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Merge tag 'lazytime_for_v5.12-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jack/linux-fs
Pull lazytime updates from Jan Kara:
"Cleanups of the lazytime handling in the writeback code making rules
for calling ->dirty_inode() filesystem handlers saner"
* tag 'lazytime_for_v5.12-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jack/linux-fs:
ext4: simplify i_state checks in __ext4_update_other_inode_time()
gfs2: don't worry about I_DIRTY_TIME in gfs2_fsync()
fs: improve comments for writeback_single_inode()
fs: drop redundant check from __writeback_single_inode()
fs: clean up __mark_inode_dirty() a bit
fs: pass only I_DIRTY_INODE flags to ->dirty_inode
fs: don't call ->dirty_inode for lazytime timestamp updates
fat: only specify I_DIRTY_TIME when needed in fat_update_time()
fs: only specify I_DIRTY_TIME when needed in generic_update_time()
fs: correctly document the inode dirty flags
- As promised, the minimum Sphinx version to build the docs is now 1.7,
and we have dropped support for Python 2 entirely. That allowed the
removal of a bunch of compatibility code.
- A set of treewide warning fixups from Mauro that I applied after it
became clear nobody else was going to deal with them.
- The automarkup mechanism can now create cross-references from relative
paths to RST files.
- More translations, typo fixes, and warning fixes.
No conflicts with any other tree as far as I know.
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Merge tag 'docs-5.12' of git://git.lwn.net/linux
Pull documentation updates from Jonathan Corbet:
"It has been a relatively quiet cycle in docsland.
- As promised, the minimum Sphinx version to build the docs is now
1.7, and we have dropped support for Python 2 entirely. That
allowed the removal of a bunch of compatibility code.
- A set of treewide warning fixups from Mauro that I applied after it
became clear nobody else was going to deal with them.
- The automarkup mechanism can now create cross-references from
relative paths to RST files.
- More translations, typo fixes, and warning fixes"
* tag 'docs-5.12' of git://git.lwn.net/linux: (75 commits)
docs: kernel-hacking: be more civil
docs: Remove the Microsoft rhetoric
Documentation/admin-guide: kernel-parameters: Update nohlt section
doc/admin-guide: fix spelling mistake: "perfomance" -> "performance"
docs: Document cross-referencing using relative path
docs: Enable usage of relative paths to docs on automarkup
docs: thermal: fix spelling mistakes
Documentation: admin-guide: Update kvm/xen config option
docs: Make syscalls' helpers naming consistent
coding-style.rst: Avoid comma statements
Documentation: /proc/loadavg: add 3 more field descriptions
Documentation/submitting-patches: Add blurb about backtraces in commit messages
Docs: drop Python 2 support
Move our minimum Sphinx version to 1.7
Documentation: input: define ABS_PRESSURE/ABS_MT_PRESSURE resolution as grams
scripts/kernel-doc: add internal hyperlink to DOC: sections
Update Documentation/admin-guide/sysctl/fs.rst
docs: Update DTB format references
docs: zh_CN: add iio index.rst translation
docs/zh_CN: add iio ep93xx_adc.rst translation
...
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Merge tag 'for-5.12/block-2021-02-17' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block
Pull core block updates from Jens Axboe:
"Another nice round of removing more code than what is added, mostly
due to Christoph's relentless pursuit of tech debt removal/cleanups.
This pull request contains:
- Two series of BFQ improvements (Paolo, Jan, Jia)
- Block iov_iter improvements (Pavel)
- bsg error path fix (Pan)
- blk-mq scheduler improvements (Jan)
- -EBUSY discard fix (Jan)
- bvec allocation improvements (Ming, Christoph)
- bio allocation and init improvements (Christoph)
- Store bdev pointer in bio instead of gendisk + partno (Christoph)
- Block trace point cleanups (Christoph)
- hard read-only vs read-only split (Christoph)
- Block based swap cleanups (Christoph)
- Zoned write granularity support (Damien)
- Various fixes/tweaks (Chunguang, Guoqing, Lei, Lukas, Huhai)"
* tag 'for-5.12/block-2021-02-17' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-block: (104 commits)
mm: simplify swapdev_block
sd_zbc: clear zone resources for non-zoned case
block: introduce blk_queue_clear_zone_settings()
zonefs: use zone write granularity as block size
block: introduce zone_write_granularity limit
block: use blk_queue_set_zoned in add_partition()
nullb: use blk_queue_set_zoned() to setup zoned devices
nvme: cleanup zone information initialization
block: document zone_append_max_bytes attribute
block: use bi_max_vecs to find the bvec pool
md/raid10: remove dead code in reshape_request
block: mark the bio as cloned in bio_iov_bvec_set
block: set BIO_NO_PAGE_REF in bio_iov_bvec_set
block: remove a layer of indentation in bio_iov_iter_get_pages
block: turn the nr_iovecs argument to bio_alloc* into an unsigned short
block: remove the 1 and 4 vec bvec_slabs entries
block: streamline bvec_alloc
block: factor out a bvec_alloc_gfp helper
block: move struct biovec_slab to bio.c
block: reuse BIO_INLINE_VECS for integrity bvecs
...
Add an ioctl which allows reading fs-verity metadata from a file.
This is useful when a file with fs-verity enabled needs to be served
somewhere, and the other end wants to do its own fs-verity compatible
verification of the file. See the commit messages for details.
This new ioctl has been tested using new xfstests I've written for it.
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Merge tag 'fsverity-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/fs/fscrypt/fscrypt
Pull fsverity updates from Eric Biggers:
"Add an ioctl which allows reading fs-verity metadata from a file.
This is useful when a file with fs-verity enabled needs to be served
somewhere, and the other end wants to do its own fs-verity compatible
verification of the file. See the commit messages for details.
This new ioctl has been tested using new xfstests I've written for it"
* tag 'fsverity-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/fs/fscrypt/fscrypt:
fs-verity: support reading signature with ioctl
fs-verity: support reading descriptor with ioctl
fs-verity: support reading Merkle tree with ioctl
fs-verity: add FS_IOC_READ_VERITY_METADATA ioctl
fs-verity: don't pass whole descriptor to fsverity_verify_signature()
fs-verity: factor out fsverity_get_descriptor()
We've added two major features: 1) compression level and 2) checkpoint_merge, in
this round. 1) compression level expands 'compress_algorithm' mount option to
accept parameter as format of <algorithm>:<level>, by this way, it gives a way
to allow user to do more specified config on lz4 and zstd compression level,
then f2fs compression can provide higher compress ratio. 2) checkpoint_merge
creates a kernel daemon and makes it to merge concurrent checkpoint requests as
much as possible to eliminate redundant checkpoint issues. Plus, we can
eliminate the sluggish issue caused by slow checkpoint operation when the
checkpoint is done in a process context in a cgroup having low i/o budget and
cpu shares.
Enhancement:
- add compress level for lz4 and zstd in mount option
- checkpoint_merge mount option
- deprecate f2fs_trace_io
Bug fix:
- flush data when enabling checkpoint back
- handle corner cases of mount options
- missing ACL update and lock for I_LINKABLE flag
- attach FIEMAP_EXTENT_MERGED in f2fs_fiemap
- fix potential deadlock in compression flow
- fix wrong submit_io condition
As usual, we've cleaned up many code flows and fixed minor bugs.
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Merge tag 'f2fs-for-5.12-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs
Pull f2fs updates from Jaegeuk Kim:
"We've added two major features: 1) compression level and 2)
checkpoint_merge, in this round.
Compression level expands 'compress_algorithm' mount option to accept
parameter as format of <algorithm>:<level>, by this way, it gives a
way to allow user to do more specified config on lz4 and zstd
compression level, then f2fs compression can provide higher compress
ratio.
checkpoint_merge creates a kernel daemon and makes it to merge
concurrent checkpoint requests as much as possible to eliminate
redundant checkpoint issues. Plus, we can eliminate the sluggish issue
caused by slow checkpoint operation when the checkpoint is done in a
process context in a cgroup having low i/o budget and cpu shares.
Enhancements:
- add compress level for lz4 and zstd in mount option
- checkpoint_merge mount option
- deprecate f2fs_trace_io
Bug fixes:
- flush data when enabling checkpoint back
- handle corner cases of mount options
- missing ACL update and lock for I_LINKABLE flag
- attach FIEMAP_EXTENT_MERGED in f2fs_fiemap
- fix potential deadlock in compression flow
- fix wrong submit_io condition
As usual, we've cleaned up many code flows and fixed minor bugs"
* tag 'f2fs-for-5.12-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs: (32 commits)
Documentation: f2fs: fix typo s/automaic/automatic
f2fs: give a warning only for readonly partition
f2fs: don't grab superblock freeze for flush/ckpt thread
f2fs: add ckpt_thread_ioprio sysfs node
f2fs: introduce checkpoint_merge mount option
f2fs: relocate inline conversion from mmap() to mkwrite()
f2fs: fix a wrong condition in __submit_bio
f2fs: remove unnecessary initialization in xattr.c
f2fs: fix to avoid inconsistent quota data
f2fs: flush data when enabling checkpoint back
f2fs: deprecate f2fs_trace_io
f2fs: Remove readahead collision detection
f2fs: remove unused stat_{inc, dec}_atomic_write
f2fs: introduce sb_status sysfs node
f2fs: fix to use per-inode maxbytes
f2fs: compress: fix potential deadlock
libfs: unexport generic_ci_d_compare() and generic_ci_d_hash()
f2fs: fix to set/clear I_LINKABLE under i_lock
f2fs: fix null page reference in redirty_blocks
f2fs: clean up post-read processing
...
Add support for FS_VERITY_METADATA_TYPE_SIGNATURE to
FS_IOC_READ_VERITY_METADATA. This allows a userspace server program to
retrieve the built-in signature (if present) of a verity file for
serving to a client which implements fs-verity compatible verification.
See the patch which introduced FS_IOC_READ_VERITY_METADATA for more
details.
The ability for userspace to read the built-in signatures is also useful
because it allows a system that is using the in-kernel signature
verification to migrate to userspace signature verification.
This has been tested using a new xfstest which calls this ioctl via a
new subcommand for the 'fsverity' program from fsverity-utils.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210115181819.34732-7-ebiggers@kernel.org
Reviewed-by: Victor Hsieh <victorhsieh@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Add support for FS_VERITY_METADATA_TYPE_DESCRIPTOR to
FS_IOC_READ_VERITY_METADATA. This allows a userspace server program to
retrieve the fs-verity descriptor of a file for serving to a client
which implements fs-verity compatible verification. See the patch which
introduced FS_IOC_READ_VERITY_METADATA for more details.
"fs-verity descriptor" here means only the part that userspace cares
about because it is hashed to produce the file digest. It doesn't
include the signature which ext4 and f2fs append to the
fsverity_descriptor struct when storing it on-disk, since that way of
storing the signature is an implementation detail. The next patch adds
a separate metadata_type value for retrieving the signature separately.
This has been tested using a new xfstest which calls this ioctl via a
new subcommand for the 'fsverity' program from fsverity-utils.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210115181819.34732-6-ebiggers@kernel.org
Reviewed-by: Victor Hsieh <victorhsieh@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Add support for FS_VERITY_METADATA_TYPE_MERKLE_TREE to
FS_IOC_READ_VERITY_METADATA. This allows a userspace server program to
retrieve the Merkle tree of a verity file for serving to a client which
implements fs-verity compatible verification. See the patch which
introduced FS_IOC_READ_VERITY_METADATA for more details.
This has been tested using a new xfstest which calls this ioctl via a
new subcommand for the 'fsverity' program from fsverity-utils.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210115181819.34732-5-ebiggers@kernel.org
Reviewed-by: Victor Hsieh <victorhsieh@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Add an ioctl FS_IOC_READ_VERITY_METADATA which will allow reading verity
metadata from a file that has fs-verity enabled, including:
- The Merkle tree
- The fsverity_descriptor (not including the signature if present)
- The built-in signature, if present
This ioctl has similar semantics to pread(). It is passed the type of
metadata to read (one of the above three), and a buffer, offset, and
size. It returns the number of bytes read or an error.
Separate patches will add support for each of the above metadata types.
This patch just adds the ioctl itself.
This ioctl doesn't make any assumption about where the metadata is
stored on-disk. It does assume the metadata is in a stable format, but
that's basically already the case:
- The Merkle tree and fsverity_descriptor are defined by how fs-verity
file digests are computed; see the "File digest computation" section
of Documentation/filesystems/fsverity.rst. Technically, the way in
which the levels of the tree are ordered relative to each other wasn't
previously specified, but it's logical to put the root level first.
- The built-in signature is the value passed to FS_IOC_ENABLE_VERITY.
This ioctl is useful because it allows writing a server program that
takes a verity file and serves it to a client program, such that the
client can do its own fs-verity compatible verification of the file.
This only makes sense if the client doesn't trust the server and if the
server needs to provide the storage for the client.
More concretely, there is interest in using this ability in Android to
export APK files (which are protected by fs-verity) to "protected VMs".
This would use Protected KVM (https://lwn.net/Articles/836693), which
provides an isolated execution environment without having to trust the
traditional "host". A "guest" VM can boot from a signed image and
perform specific tasks in a minimum trusted environment using files that
have fs-verity enabled on the host, without trusting the host or
requiring that the guest has its own trusted storage.
Technically, it would be possible to duplicate the metadata and store it
in separate files for serving. However, that would be less efficient
and would require extra care in userspace to maintain file consistency.
In addition to the above, the ability to read the built-in signatures is
useful because it allows a system that is using the in-kernel signature
verification to migrate to userspace signature verification.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210115181819.34732-4-ebiggers@kernel.org
Reviewed-by: Victor Hsieh <victorhsieh@google.com>
Acked-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
We've added a new mount options, "checkpoint_merge" and "nocheckpoint_merge",
which creates a kernel daemon and makes it to merge concurrent checkpoint
requests as much as possible to eliminate redundant checkpoint issues. Plus,
we can eliminate the sluggish issue caused by slow checkpoint operation
when the checkpoint is done in a process context in a cgroup having
low i/o budget and cpu shares. To make this do better, we set the
default i/o priority of the kernel daemon to "3", to give one higher
priority than other kernel threads. The below verification result
explains this.
The basic idea has come from https://opensource.samsung.com.
[Verification]
Android Pixel Device(ARM64, 7GB RAM, 256GB UFS)
Create two I/O cgroups (fg w/ weight 100, bg w/ wight 20)
Set "strict_guarantees" to "1" in BFQ tunables
In "fg" cgroup,
- thread A => trigger 1000 checkpoint operations
"for i in `seq 1 1000`; do touch test_dir1/file; fsync test_dir1;
done"
- thread B => gererating async. I/O
"fio --rw=write --numjobs=1 --bs=128k --runtime=3600 --time_based=1
--filename=test_img --name=test"
In "bg" cgroup,
- thread C => trigger repeated checkpoint operations
"echo $$ > /dev/blkio/bg/tasks; while true; do touch test_dir2/file;
fsync test_dir2; done"
We've measured thread A's execution time.
[ w/o patch ]
Elapsed Time: Avg. 68 seconds
[ w/ patch ]
Elapsed Time: Avg. 48 seconds
Reported-by: kernel test robot <lkp@intel.com>
Reported-by: Dan Carpenter <dan.carpenter@oracle.com>
[Jaegeuk Kim: fix the return value in f2fs_start_ckpt_thread, reported by Dan]
Signed-off-by: Daeho Jeong <daehojeong@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Sungjong Seo <sj1557.seo@samsung.com>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Overlayfs's volatile option allows the user to bypass all forced sync calls
to the upperdir filesystem. This comes at the cost of safety. We can never
ensure that the user's data is intact, but we can make a best effort to
expose whether or not the data is likely to be in a bad state.
The best way to handle this in the time being is that if an overlayfs's
upperdir experiences an error after a volatile mount occurs, that error
will be returned on fsync, fdatasync, sync, and syncfs. This is
contradictory to the traditional behaviour of VFS which fails the call
once, and only raises an error if a subsequent fsync error has occurred,
and been raised by the filesystem.
One awkward aspect of the patch is that we have to manually set the
superblock's errseq_t after the sync_fs callback as opposed to just
returning an error from syncfs. This is because the call chain looks
something like this:
sys_syncfs ->
sync_filesystem ->
__sync_filesystem ->
/* The return value is ignored here
sb->s_op->sync_fs(sb)
_sync_blockdev
/* Where the VFS fetches the error to raise to userspace */
errseq_check_and_advance
Because of this we call errseq_set every time the sync_fs callback occurs.
Due to the nature of this seen / unseen dichotomy, if the upperdir is an
inconsistent state at the initial mount time, overlayfs will refuse to
mount, as overlayfs cannot get a snapshot of the upperdir's errseq that
will increment on error until the user calls syncfs.
Signed-off-by: Sargun Dhillon <sargun@sargun.me>
Suggested-by: Amir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Amir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Fixes: c86243b090 ("ovl: provide a mount option "volatile"")
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Reviewed-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>
Expand 'compress_algorithm' mount option to accept parameter as format of
<algorithm>:<level>, by this way, it gives a way to allow user to do more
specified config on lz4 and zstd compression level, then f2fs compression
can provide higher compress ratio.
In order to set compress level for lz4 algorithm, it needs to set
CONFIG_LZ4HC_COMPRESS and CONFIG_F2FS_FS_LZ4HC config to enable lz4hc
compress algorithm.
CR and performance number on lz4/lz4hc algorithm:
dd if=enwik9 of=compressed_file conv=fsync
Original blocks: 244382
lz4 lz4hc-9
compressed blocks 170647 163270
compress ratio 69.8% 66.8%
speed 16.4207 s, 60.9 MB/s 26.7299 s, 37.4 MB/s
compress ratio = after / before
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Sleeping bio allocations do not fail, which means that injecting an error
into sleeping bio allocations is a little silly.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Johannes Thumshirn <johannes.thumshirn@wdc.com>
Reviewed-by: Chaitanya Kulkarni <chaitanya.kulkarni@wdc.com>
Acked-by: Damien Le Moal <damien.lemoal@wdc.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
The block layer spends quite a while in blkdev_direct_IO() to copy and
initialise bio's bvec. However, if we've already got a bvec in the input
iterator it might be reused in some cases, i.e. when new
ITER_BVEC_FLAG_FIXED flag is set. Simple tests show considerable
performance boost, and it also reduces memory footprint.
Suggested-by: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Pavel Begunkov <asml.silence@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
zero-length bvec segments are allowed in general, but not handled by bio
and down the block layer so filtered out. This inconsistency may be
confusing and prevent from optimisations. As zero-length segments are
useless and places that were generating them are patched, declare them
not allowed.
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Pavel Begunkov <asml.silence@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Ming Lei <ming.lei@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Extend some inode methods with an additional user namespace argument. A
filesystem that is aware of idmapped mounts will receive the user
namespace the mount has been marked with. This can be used for
additional permission checking and also to enable filesystems to
translate between uids and gids if they need to. We have implemented all
relevant helpers in earlier patches.
As requested we simply extend the exisiting inode method instead of
introducing new ones. This is a little more code churn but it's mostly
mechanical and doesnt't leave us with additional inode methods.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210121131959.646623-25-christian.brauner@ubuntu.com
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <christian.brauner@ubuntu.com>
The posix acl permission checking helpers determine whether a caller is
privileged over an inode according to the acls associated with the
inode. Add helpers that make it possible to handle acls on idmapped
mounts.
The vfs and the filesystems targeted by this first iteration make use of
posix_acl_fix_xattr_from_user() and posix_acl_fix_xattr_to_user() to
translate basic posix access and default permissions such as the
ACL_USER and ACL_GROUP type according to the initial user namespace (or
the superblock's user namespace) to and from the caller's current user
namespace. Adapt these two helpers to handle idmapped mounts whereby we
either map from or into the mount's user namespace depending on in which
direction we're translating.
Similarly, cap_convert_nscap() is used by the vfs to translate user
namespace and non-user namespace aware filesystem capabilities from the
superblock's user namespace to the caller's user namespace. Enable it to
handle idmapped mounts by accounting for the mount's user namespace.
In addition the fileystems targeted in the first iteration of this patch
series make use of the posix_acl_chmod() and, posix_acl_update_mode()
helpers. Both helpers perform permission checks on the target inode. Let
them handle idmapped mounts. These two helpers are called when posix
acls are set by the respective filesystems to handle this case we extend
the ->set() method to take an additional user namespace argument to pass
the mount's user namespace down.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210121131959.646623-9-christian.brauner@ubuntu.com
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner <christian.brauner@ubuntu.com>
->dirty_inode is now only called when I_DIRTY_INODE (I_DIRTY_SYNC and/or
I_DIRTY_DATASYNC) is set. However it may still be passed other dirty
flags at the same time, provided that these other flags happened to be
passed to __mark_inode_dirty() at the same time as I_DIRTY_INODE.
This doesn't make sense because there is no reason for filesystems to
care about these extra flags. Nor are filesystems notified about all
updates to these other flags.
Therefore, mask the flags before passing them to ->dirty_inode.
Also properly document ->dirty_inode in vfs.rst.
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210112190253.64307-7-ebiggers@kernel.org
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
The documentation for other filesystems is already included via
filesystems/index.rst. Include ext4 in the same way and remove it
from the top-level table of contents.
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Neuschäfer <j.neuschaefer@gmx.net>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210101215215.1047826-1-j.neuschaefer@gmx.net
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
After commit 77573fa310 ("fs: Kill DCACHE_DONTCACHE dentry even if
DCACHE_REFERENCED is set"), changes to DAX policy will take effect
as soon as all references to this file are gone.
Update the documentation accordingly.
Signed-off-by: Hao Li <lihao2018.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com>
Reviewed-by: Ira Weiny <ira.weiny@intel.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20210106015000.5263-1-lihao2018.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
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Merge tag 'ext4_for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/ext4
Pull ext4 updates from Ted Ts'o:
"Various bug fixes and cleanups for ext4; no new features this cycle"
* tag 'ext4_for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/ext4: (29 commits)
ext4: remove unnecessary wbc parameter from ext4_bio_write_page
ext4: avoid s_mb_prefetch to be zero in individual scenarios
ext4: defer saving error info from atomic context
ext4: simplify ext4 error translation
ext4: move functions in super.c
ext4: make ext4_abort() use __ext4_error()
ext4: standardize error message in ext4_protect_reserved_inode()
ext4: remove redundant sb checksum recomputation
ext4: don't remount read-only with errors=continue on reboot
ext4: fix deadlock with fs freezing and EA inodes
jbd2: add a helper to find out number of fast commit blocks
ext4: make fast_commit.h byte identical with e2fsprogs/fast_commit.h
ext4: fix fall-through warnings for Clang
ext4: add docs about fast commit idempotence
ext4: remove the unused EXT4_CURRENT_REV macro
ext4: fix an IS_ERR() vs NULL check
ext4: check for invalid block size early when mounting a file system
ext4: fix a memory leak of ext4_free_data
ext4: delete nonsensical (commented-out) code inside ext4_xattr_block_set()
ext4: update ext4_data_block_valid related comments
...
* Don't wait for unfreeze of the wrong filesystems.
* Remove an obsolete delete_work_func hack and an incorrect sb_start_write.
* Minor documentation updates and cosmetic care.
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Merge tag 'gfs2-for-5.11' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gfs2/linux-gfs2
Pull gfs2 updates from Andreas Gruenbacher:
- Don't wait for unfreeze of the wrong filesystems
- Remove an obsolete delete_work_func hack and an incorrect
sb_start_write
- Minor documentation updates and cosmetic care
* tag 'gfs2-for-5.11' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gfs2/linux-gfs2:
gfs2: in signal_our_withdraw wait for unfreeze of _this_ fs only
gfs2: Remove sb_start_write from gfs2_statfs_sync
gfs2: remove trailing semicolons from macro definitions
Revert "GFS2: Prevent delete work from occurring on glocks used for create"
gfs2: Make inode operations static
MAINTAINERS: Add gfs2 bug tracker link
Documentation: Update filesystems/gfs2.rst
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Merge tag 'ovl-update-5.11' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mszeredi/vfs
Pull overlayfs updates from Miklos Szeredi:
- Allow unprivileged mounting in a user namespace.
For quite some time the security model of overlayfs has been that
operations on underlying layers shall be performed with the
privileges of the mounting task.
This way an unprvileged user cannot gain privileges by the act of
mounting an overlayfs instance. A full audit of all function calls
made by the overlayfs code has been performed to see whether they
conform to this model, and this branch contains some fixes in this
regard.
- Support running on copied filesystem images by optionally disabling
UUID verification.
- Bug fixes as well as documentation updates.
* tag 'ovl-update-5.11' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mszeredi/vfs:
ovl: unprivieged mounts
ovl: do not get metacopy for userxattr
ovl: do not fail because of O_NOATIME
ovl: do not fail when setting origin xattr
ovl: user xattr
ovl: simplify file splice
ovl: make ioctl() safe
ovl: check privs before decoding file handle
vfs: verify source area in vfs_dedupe_file_range_one()
vfs: move cap_convert_nscap() call into vfs_setxattr()
ovl: fix incorrect extent info in metacopy case
ovl: expand warning in ovl_d_real()
ovl: document lower modification caveats
ovl: warn about orphan metacopy
ovl: doc clarification
ovl: introduce new "uuid=off" option for inodes index feature
ovl: propagate ovl_fs to ovl_decode_real_fh and ovl_encode_real_fh
In this round, we've made more work into per-file compression support. For
example, F2FS_IOC_GET|SET_COMPRESS_OPTION provides a way to change the
algorithm or cluster size per file. F2FS_IOC_COMPRESS|DECOMPRESS_FILE provides
a way to compress and decompress the existing normal files manually along with
a new mount option, compress_mode=fs|user, which can control who compresses the
data. Chao also added a checksum feature with a mount option so that we are able
to detect any corrupted cluster. In addition, Daniel contributed casefolding
with encryption patch, which will be used for Android devices.
Enhancement:
- add ioctls and mount option to manage per-file compression feature
- support casefolding with encryption
- support checksum for compressed cluster
- avoid IO starvation by replacing mutex with rwsem
- add sysfs, max_io_bytes, to control max bio size
Bug fix:
- fix use-after-free issue when compression and fsverity are enabled
- fix consistency corruption during fault injection test
- fix data offset for lseek
- get rid of buffer_head which has 32bits limit in fiemap
- fix some bugs in multi-partitions support
- fix nat entry count calculation in shrinker
- fix some stat information
And, we've refactored some logics and fix minor bugs as well.
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Merge tag 'f2fs-for-5.11-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs
Pull f2fs updates from Jaegeuk Kim:
"In this round, we've made more work into per-file compression support.
For example, F2FS_IOC_GET | SET_COMPRESS_OPTION provides a way to
change the algorithm or cluster size per file. F2FS_IOC_COMPRESS |
DECOMPRESS_FILE provides a way to compress and decompress the existing
normal files manually.
There is also a new mount option, compress_mode=fs|user, which can
control who compresses the data.
Chao also added a checksum feature with a mount option so that
we are able to detect any corrupted cluster.
In addition, Daniel contributed casefolding with encryption patch,
which will be used for Android devices.
Summary:
Enhancements:
- add ioctls and mount option to manage per-file compression feature
- support casefolding with encryption
- support checksum for compressed cluster
- avoid IO starvation by replacing mutex with rwsem
- add sysfs, max_io_bytes, to control max bio size
Bug fixes:
- fix use-after-free issue when compression and fsverity are enabled
- fix consistency corruption during fault injection test
- fix data offset for lseek
- get rid of buffer_head which has 32bits limit in fiemap
- fix some bugs in multi-partitions support
- fix nat entry count calculation in shrinker
- fix some stat information
And, we've refactored some logics and fix minor bugs as well"
* tag 'f2fs-for-5.11-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs: (36 commits)
f2fs: compress: fix compression chksum
f2fs: fix shift-out-of-bounds in sanity_check_raw_super()
f2fs: fix race of pending_pages in decompression
f2fs: fix to account inline xattr correctly during recovery
f2fs: inline: fix wrong inline inode stat
f2fs: inline: correct comment in f2fs_recover_inline_data
f2fs: don't check PAGE_SIZE again in sanity_check_raw_super()
f2fs: convert to F2FS_*_INO macro
f2fs: introduce max_io_bytes, a sysfs entry, to limit bio size
f2fs: don't allow any writes on readonly mount
f2fs: avoid race condition for shrinker count
f2fs: add F2FS_IOC_DECOMPRESS_FILE and F2FS_IOC_COMPRESS_FILE
f2fs: add compress_mode mount option
f2fs: Remove unnecessary unlikely()
f2fs: init dirty_secmap incorrectly
f2fs: remove buffer_head which has 32bits limit
f2fs: fix wrong block count instead of bytes
f2fs: use new conversion functions between blks and bytes
f2fs: rename logical_to_blk and blk_to_logical
f2fs: fix kbytes written stat for multi-device case
...
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Merge tag 'for_v5.11-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jack/linux-fs
Pull ext2, reiserfs, quota and writeback updates from Jan Kara:
- a couple of quota fixes (mostly for problems found by syzbot)
- several ext2 cleanups
- one fix for reiserfs crash on corrupted image
- a fix for spurious warning in writeback code
* tag 'for_v5.11-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jack/linux-fs:
writeback: don't warn on an unregistered BDI in __mark_inode_dirty
fs: quota: fix array-index-out-of-bounds bug by passing correct argument to vfs_cleanup_quota_inode()
reiserfs: add check for an invalid ih_entry_count
ext2: Fix fall-through warnings for Clang
fs/ext2: Use ext2_put_page
docs: filesystems: Reduce ext2.rst to one top-level heading
quota: Sanity-check quota file headers on load
quota: Don't overflow quota file offsets
ext2: Remove unnecessary blank
fs/quota: update quota state flags scheme with project quota flags
Fast commit on-disk format is designed such that the replay of these
tags can be idempotent. This patch adds documentation in the code in
form of comments and in form kernel docs that describes these
characteristics. This patch also adds a TODO item needed to ensure
kernel fast commit replay idempotence.
Signed-off-by: Harshad Shirwadkar <harshadshirwadkar@gmail.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20201119232822.1860882-1-harshadshirwadkar@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Merge yet more updates from Andrew Morton:
- lots of little subsystems
- a few post-linux-next MM material. Most of the rest awaits more
merging of other trees.
Subsystems affected by this series: alpha, procfs, misc, core-kernel,
bitmap, lib, lz4, checkpatch, nilfs, kdump, rapidio, gcov, bfs, relay,
resource, ubsan, reboot, fault-injection, lzo, apparmor, and mm (swap,
memory-hotplug, pagemap, cleanups, and gup).
* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (86 commits)
mm: fix some spelling mistakes in comments
mm: simplify follow_pte{,pmd}
mm: unexport follow_pte_pmd
apparmor: remove duplicate macro list_entry_is_head()
lib/lzo/lzo1x_compress.c: make lzogeneric1x_1_compress() static
fault-injection: handle EI_ETYPE_TRUE
reboot: hide from sysfs not applicable settings
reboot: allow to override reboot type if quirks are found
reboot: remove cf9_safe from allowed types and rename cf9_force
reboot: allow to specify reboot mode via sysfs
reboot: refactor and comment the cpu selection code
lib/ubsan.c: mark type_check_kinds with static keyword
kcov: don't instrument with UBSAN
ubsan: expand tests and reporting
ubsan: remove UBSAN_MISC in favor of individual options
ubsan: enable for all*config builds
ubsan: disable UBSAN_TRAP for all*config
ubsan: disable object-size sanitizer under GCC
ubsan: move cc-option tests into Kconfig
ubsan: remove redundant -Wno-maybe-uninitialized
...
Similar to speculation store bypass, show information about the indirect
branch speculation mode of a task in /proc/$pid/status.
For testing/benchmarking, I needed to see whether IB (Indirect Branch)
speculation (see Spectre-v2) is enabled on a task, to see whether an
IBPB instruction should be executed on an address space switch.
Unfortunately, this information isn't available anywhere else and
currently the only way to get it is to hack the kernel to expose it
(like this change). It also helped expose a bug with conditional IB
speculation on certain CPUs.
Another place this could be useful is to audit the system when using
sanboxing. With this change, I can confirm that seccomp-enabled
process have IB speculation force disabled as expected when the kernel
command line parameter `spectre_v2_user=seccomp`.
Since there's already a 'Speculation_Store_Bypass' field, I used that
as precedent for adding this one.
[amistry@google.com: remove underscores from field name to workaround documentation issue]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20201106131015.v2.1.I7782b0cedb705384a634cfd8898eb7523562da99@changeid
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20201030172731.1.I7782b0cedb705384a634cfd8898eb7523562da99@changeid
Signed-off-by: Anand K Mistry <amistry@google.com>
Cc: Anthony Steinhauser <asteinhauser@google.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Anand K Mistry <amistry@google.com>
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Cc: Alexey Gladkov <gladkov.alexey@gmail.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab+huawei@kernel.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pull execve updates from Eric Biederman:
"This set of changes ultimately fixes the interaction of posix file
lock and exec. Fundamentally most of the change is just moving where
unshare_files is called during exec, and tweaking the users of
files_struct so that the count of files_struct is not unnecessarily
played with.
Along the way fcheck and related helpers were renamed to more
accurately reflect what they do.
There were also many other small changes that fell out, as this is the
first time in a long time much of this code has been touched.
Benchmarks haven't turned up any practical issues but Al Viro has
observed a possibility for a lot of pounding on task_lock. So I have
some changes in progress to convert put_files_struct to always rcu
free files_struct. That wasn't ready for the merge window so that will
have to wait until next time"
* 'exec-for-v5.11' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/ebiederm/user-namespace: (27 commits)
exec: Move io_uring_task_cancel after the point of no return
coredump: Document coredump code exclusively used by cell spufs
file: Remove get_files_struct
file: Rename __close_fd_get_file close_fd_get_file
file: Replace ksys_close with close_fd
file: Rename __close_fd to close_fd and remove the files parameter
file: Merge __alloc_fd into alloc_fd
file: In f_dupfd read RLIMIT_NOFILE once.
file: Merge __fd_install into fd_install
proc/fd: In fdinfo seq_show don't use get_files_struct
bpf/task_iter: In task_file_seq_get_next use task_lookup_next_fd_rcu
proc/fd: In proc_readfd_common use task_lookup_next_fd_rcu
file: Implement task_lookup_next_fd_rcu
kcmp: In get_file_raw_ptr use task_lookup_fd_rcu
proc/fd: In tid_fd_mode use task_lookup_fd_rcu
file: Implement task_lookup_fd_rcu
file: Rename fcheck lookup_fd_rcu
file: Replace fcheck_files with files_lookup_fd_rcu
file: Factor files_lookup_fd_locked out of fcheck_files
file: Rename __fcheck_files to files_lookup_fd_raw
...
- Improve support for re-exporting NFS mounts
- Replace NFSv4 XDR decoding C macros with xdr_stream helpers
- Support for multiple RPC/RDMA chunks per RPC transaction
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Merge tag 'nfsd-5.11' of git://git.linux-nfs.org/projects/cel/cel-2.6
Pull nfsd updates from Chuck Lever:
"Several substantial changes this time around:
- Previously, exporting an NFS mount via NFSD was considered to be an
unsupported feature. With v5.11, the community has attempted to
make re-exporting a first-class feature of NFSD.
This would enable the Linux in-kernel NFS server to be used as an
intermediate cache for a remotely-located primary NFS server, for
example, even with other NFS server implementations, like a NetApp
filer, as the primary.
- A short series of patches brings support for multiple RPC/RDMA data
chunks per RPC transaction to the Linux NFS server's RPC/RDMA
transport implementation.
This is a part of the RPC/RDMA spec that the other premiere
NFS/RDMA implementation (Solaris) has had for a very long time, and
completes the implementation of RPC/RDMA version 1 in the Linux
kernel's NFS server.
- Long ago, NFSv4 support was introduced to NFSD using a series of C
macros that hid dprintk's and goto's. Over time, the kernel's XDR
implementation has been greatly improved, but these C macros have
remained and become fallow. A series of patches in this pull
request completely replaces those macros with the use of current
kernel XDR infrastructure. Benefits include:
- More robust input sanitization in NFSD's NFSv4 XDR decoders.
- Make it easier to use common kernel library functions that use
XDR stream APIs (for example, GSS-API).
- Align the structure of the source code with the RFCs so it is
easier to learn, verify, and maintain our XDR implementation.
- Removal of more than a hundred hidden dprintk() call sites.
- Removal of some explicit manipulation of pages to help make the
eventual transition to xdr->bvec smoother.
- On top of several related fixes in 5.10-rc, there are a few more
fixes to get the Linux NFSD implementation of NFSv4.2 inter-server
copy up to speed.
And as usual, there is a pinch of seasoning in the form of a
collection of unrelated minor bug fixes and clean-ups.
Many thanks to all who contributed this time around!"
* tag 'nfsd-5.11' of git://git.linux-nfs.org/projects/cel/cel-2.6: (131 commits)
nfsd: Record NFSv4 pre/post-op attributes as non-atomic
nfsd: Set PF_LOCAL_THROTTLE on local filesystems only
nfsd: Fix up nfsd to ensure that timeout errors don't result in ESTALE
exportfs: Add a function to return the raw output from fh_to_dentry()
nfsd: close cached files prior to a REMOVE or RENAME that would replace target
nfsd: allow filesystems to opt out of subtree checking
nfsd: add a new EXPORT_OP_NOWCC flag to struct export_operations
Revert "nfsd4: support change_attr_type attribute"
nfsd4: don't query change attribute in v2/v3 case
nfsd: minor nfsd4_change_attribute cleanup
nfsd: simplify nfsd4_change_info
nfsd: only call inode_query_iversion in the I_VERSION case
nfs_common: need lock during iterate through the list
NFSD: Fix 5 seconds delay when doing inter server copy
NFSD: Fix sparse warning in nfs4proc.c
SUNRPC: Remove XDRBUF_SPARSE_PAGES flag in gss_proxy upcall
sunrpc: clean-up cache downcall
nfsd: Fix message level for normal termination
NFSD: Remove macros that are no longer used
NFSD: Replace READ* macros in nfsd4_decode_compound()
...
Merge misc updates from Andrew Morton:
- a few random little subsystems
- almost all of the MM patches which are staged ahead of linux-next
material. I'll trickle to post-linux-next work in as the dependents
get merged up.
Subsystems affected by this patch series: kthread, kbuild, ide, ntfs,
ocfs2, arch, and mm (slab-generic, slab, slub, dax, debug, pagecache,
gup, swap, shmem, memcg, pagemap, mremap, hmm, vmalloc, documentation,
kasan, pagealloc, memory-failure, hugetlb, vmscan, z3fold, compaction,
oom-kill, migration, cma, page-poison, userfaultfd, zswap, zsmalloc,
uaccess, zram, and cleanups).
* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (200 commits)
mm: cleanup kstrto*() usage
mm: fix fall-through warnings for Clang
mm: slub: convert sysfs sprintf family to sysfs_emit/sysfs_emit_at
mm: shmem: convert shmem_enabled_show to use sysfs_emit_at
mm:backing-dev: use sysfs_emit in macro defining functions
mm: huge_memory: convert remaining use of sprintf to sysfs_emit and neatening
mm: use sysfs_emit for struct kobject * uses
mm: fix kernel-doc markups
zram: break the strict dependency from lzo
zram: add stat to gather incompressible pages since zram set up
zram: support page writeback
mm/process_vm_access: remove redundant initialization of iov_r
mm/zsmalloc.c: rework the list_add code in insert_zspage()
mm/zswap: move to use crypto_acomp API for hardware acceleration
mm/zswap: fix passing zero to 'PTR_ERR' warning
mm/zswap: make struct kernel_param_ops definitions const
userfaultfd/selftests: hint the test runner on required privilege
userfaultfd/selftests: fix retval check for userfaultfd_open()
userfaultfd/selftests: always dump something in modes
userfaultfd: selftests: make __{s,u}64 format specifiers portable
...
Fix a typo, punctuation, use uppercase for CPUs, and limit
tmpfs to keeping only its files in virtual memory (phrasing).
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20201202010934.18566-1-rdunlap@infradead.org
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Acked-by: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Chris Down <chris@chrisdown.name>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
of the churn behind us. Significant stuff in this pull includes:
- A set of new Chinese translations
- Italian translation updates
- A mechanism from Mauro to automatically format Documentation/features
for the built docs
- Automatic cross references without explicit :ref: markup
- A new reset-controller document
- An extensive new document on reporting problems from Thorsten
That last patch also adds the CC-BY-4.0 license to LICENSES/dual; there was
some discussion on this, but we seem to have consensus and an ack from Greg
for that addition.
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Merge tag 'docs-5.11' of git://git.lwn.net/linux
Pull documentation updates from Jonathan Corbet:
"A much quieter cycle for documentation (happily), with, one hopes, the
bulk of the churn behind us. Significant stuff in this pull includes:
- A set of new Chinese translations
- Italian translation updates
- A mechanism from Mauro to automatically format
Documentation/features for the built docs
- Automatic cross references without explicit :ref: markup
- A new reset-controller document
- An extensive new document on reporting problems from Thorsten
That last patch also adds the CC-BY-4.0 license to LICENSES/dual;
there was some discussion on this, but we seem to have consensus and
an ack from Greg for that addition"
* tag 'docs-5.11' of git://git.lwn.net/linux: (50 commits)
docs: fix broken cross reference in translations/zh_CN
docs: Note that sphinx 1.7 will be required soon
docs: update requirements to install six module
docs: reporting-issues: move 'outdated, need help' note to proper place
docs: Update documentation to reflect what TAINT_CPU_OUT_OF_SPEC means
docs: add a reset controller chapter to the driver API docs
docs: make reporting-bugs.rst obsolete
docs: Add a new text describing how to report bugs
LICENSES: Add the CC-BY-4.0 license
Documentation: fix multiple typos found in the admin-guide subdirectory
Documentation: fix typos found in admin-guide subdirectory
kernel-doc: Fix example in Nested structs/unions
docs: clean up sysctl/kernel: titles, version
docs: trace: fix event state structure name
docs: nios2: add missing ReST file
scripts: get_feat.pl: reduce table width for all features output
scripts: get_feat.pl: change the group by order
scripts: get_feat.pl: make complete table more coincise
scripts: kernel-doc: fix parsing function-like typedefs
Documentation: fix typos found in process, dev-tools, and doc-guide subdirectories
...
Optionally allow using "user.overlay." namespace instead of
"trusted.overlay."
This is necessary for overlayfs to be able to be mounted in an unprivileged
namepsace.
Make the option explicit, since it makes the filesystem format be
incompatible.
Disable redirect_dir and metacopy options, because these would allow
privilege escalation through direct manipulation of the
"user.overlay.redirect" or "user.overlay.metacopy" xattrs.
Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Amir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
This change renames fcheck_files to files_lookup_fd_rcu. All of the
remaining callers take the rcu_read_lock before calling this function
so the _rcu suffix is appropriate. This change also tightens up the
debug check to verify that all callers hold the rcu_read_lock.
All callers that used to call files_check with the files->file_lock
held have now been changed to call files_lookup_fd_locked.
This change of name has helped remind me of which locks and which
guarantees are in place helping me to catch bugs later in the
patchset.
The need for better names became apparent in the last round of
discussion of this set of changes[1].
[1] https://lkml.kernel.org/r/CAHk-=wj8BQbgJFLa+J0e=iT-1qpmCRTbPAJ8gd6MJQ=kbRPqyQ@mail.gmail.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20201120231441.29911-9-ebiederm@xmission.com
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
It's not uncommon for some workloads to do a bunch of I/O to a file and
delete it just afterward. If knfsd has a cached open file however, then
the file may still be open when the dentry is unlinked. If the
underlying filesystem is nfs, then that could trigger it to do a
sillyrename.
On a REMOVE or RENAME scan the nfsd_file cache for open files that
correspond to the inode, and proactively unhash and put their
references. This should prevent any delete-on-last-close activity from
occurring, solely due to knfsd's open file cache.
This must be done synchronously though so we use the variants that call
flush_delayed_fput. There are deadlock possibilities if you call
flush_delayed_fput while holding locks, however. In the case of
nfsd_rename, we don't even do the lookups of the dentries to be renamed
until we've locked for rename.
Once we've figured out what the target dentry is for a rename, check to
see whether there are cached open files associated with it. If there
are, then unwind all of the locking, close them all, and then reattempt
the rename.
None of this is really necessary for "typical" filesystems though. It's
mostly of use for NFS, so declare a new export op flag and use that to
determine whether to close the files beforehand.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jeff.layton@primarydata.com>
Signed-off-by: Lance Shelton <lance.shelton@hammerspace.com>
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@hammerspace.com>
Signed-off-by: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
When we start allowing NFS to be reexported, then we have some problems
when it comes to subtree checking. In principle, we could allow it, but
it would mean encoding parent info in the filehandles and there may not
be enough space for that in a NFSv3 filehandle.
To enforce this at export upcall time, we add a new export_ops flag
that declares the filesystem ineligible for subtree checking.
Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jeff.layton@primarydata.com>
Signed-off-by: Lance Shelton <lance.shelton@hammerspace.com>
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@hammerspace.com>
Signed-off-by: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
With NFSv3 nfsd will always attempt to send along WCC data to the
client. This generally involves saving off the in-core inode information
prior to doing the operation on the given filehandle, and then issuing a
vfs_getattr to it after the op.
Some filesystems (particularly clustered or networked ones) have an
expensive ->getattr inode operation. Atomicity is also often difficult
or impossible to guarantee on such filesystems. For those, we're best
off not trying to provide WCC information to the client at all, and to
simply allow it to poll for that information as needed with a GETATTR
RPC.
This patch adds a new flags field to struct export_operations, and
defines a new EXPORT_OP_NOWCC flag that filesystems can use to indicate
that nfsd should not attempt to provide WCC info in NFSv3 replies. It
also adds a blurb about the new flags field and flag to the exporting
documentation.
The server will also now skip collecting this information for NFSv2 as
well, since that info is never used there anyway.
Note that this patch does not add this flag to any filesystem
export_operations structures. This was originally developed to allow
reexporting nfs via nfsd.
Other filesystems may want to consider enabling this flag too. It's hard
to tell however which ones have export operations to enable export via
knfsd and which ones mostly rely on them for open-by-filehandle support,
so I'm leaving that up to the individual maintainers to decide. I am
cc'ing the relevant lists for those filesystems that I think may want to
consider adding this though.
Cc: HPDD-discuss@lists.01.org
Cc: ceph-devel@vger.kernel.org
Cc: cluster-devel@redhat.com
Cc: fuse-devel@lists.sourceforge.net
Cc: ocfs2-devel@oss.oracle.com
Signed-off-by: Jeff Layton <jeff.layton@primarydata.com>
Signed-off-by: Lance Shelton <lance.shelton@hammerspace.com>
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@hammerspace.com>
Signed-off-by: Chuck Lever <chuck.lever@oracle.com>
Change wording to say that messages are logged to the kernel log
buffer instead of to dmesg. dmesg is just one program that can
print the kernel log buffer.
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <rdunlap@infradead.org>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20201202012409.19194-1-rdunlap@infradead.org
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
We will add a new "compress_mode" mount option to control file
compression mode. This supports "fs" and "user". In "fs" mode (default),
f2fs does automatic compression on the compression enabled files.
In "user" mode, f2fs disables the automaic compression and gives the
user discretion of choosing the target file and the timing. It means
the user can do manual compression/decompression on the compression
enabled files using ioctls.
Signed-off-by: Daeho Jeong <daehojeong@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch supports to store chksum value with compressed
data, and verify the integrality of compressed data while
reading the data.
The feature can be enabled through specifying mount option
'compress_chksum'.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Document that /proc/PID/smaps shows PROT_MTE settings in VmFlags.
Support for this was introduced in
commit 9f3419315f
arm64: mte: Add PROT_MTE support to mmap() and mprotect()
Signed-off-by: Szabolcs Nagy <szabolcs.nagy@arm.com>
Reviewed-by: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: linux-doc@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20201106101940.5777-1-szabolcs.nagy@arm.com
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Remove an obsolete URL and generally bring the doc up-to-date
Signed-off-by: Andrew Price <anprice@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com>
Although it isn't used directly by the ioctls,
"struct fsverity_descriptor" is required by userspace programs that need
to compute fs-verity file digests in a standalone way. Therefore
it's also needed to sign files in a standalone way.
Similarly, "struct fsverity_formatted_digest" (previously called
"struct fsverity_signed_digest" which was misleading) is also needed to
sign files if the built-in signature verification is being used.
Therefore, move these structs to the UAPI header.
While doing this, try to make it clear that the signature-related fields
in fsverity_descriptor aren't used in the file digest computation.
Acked-by: Luca Boccassi <luca.boccassi@microsoft.com>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20201113211918.71883-5-ebiggers@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Linus Torvalds