been long in the making. It is a lighterweight software-only fix for
Skylake-based cores where enabling IBRS is a big hammer and causes a
significant performance impact.
What it basically does is, it aligns all kernel functions to 16 bytes
boundary and adds a 16-byte padding before the function, objtool
collects all functions' locations and when the mitigation gets applied,
it patches a call accounting thunk which is used to track the call depth
of the stack at any time.
When that call depth reaches a magical, microarchitecture-specific value
for the Return Stack Buffer, the code stuffs that RSB and avoids its
underflow which could otherwise lead to the Intel variant of Retbleed.
This software-only solution brings a lot of the lost performance back,
as benchmarks suggest:
https://lore.kernel.org/all/20220915111039.092790446@infradead.org/
That page above also contains a lot more detailed explanation of the
whole mechanism
- Implement a new control flow integrity scheme called FineIBT which is
based on the software kCFI implementation and uses hardware IBT support
where present to annotate and track indirect branches using a hash to
validate them
- Other misc fixes and cleanups
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Merge tag 'x86_core_for_v6.2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull x86 core updates from Borislav Petkov:
- Add the call depth tracking mitigation for Retbleed which has been
long in the making. It is a lighterweight software-only fix for
Skylake-based cores where enabling IBRS is a big hammer and causes a
significant performance impact.
What it basically does is, it aligns all kernel functions to 16 bytes
boundary and adds a 16-byte padding before the function, objtool
collects all functions' locations and when the mitigation gets
applied, it patches a call accounting thunk which is used to track
the call depth of the stack at any time.
When that call depth reaches a magical, microarchitecture-specific
value for the Return Stack Buffer, the code stuffs that RSB and
avoids its underflow which could otherwise lead to the Intel variant
of Retbleed.
This software-only solution brings a lot of the lost performance
back, as benchmarks suggest:
https://lore.kernel.org/all/20220915111039.092790446@infradead.org/
That page above also contains a lot more detailed explanation of the
whole mechanism
- Implement a new control flow integrity scheme called FineIBT which is
based on the software kCFI implementation and uses hardware IBT
support where present to annotate and track indirect branches using a
hash to validate them
- Other misc fixes and cleanups
* tag 'x86_core_for_v6.2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (80 commits)
x86/paravirt: Use common macro for creating simple asm paravirt functions
x86/paravirt: Remove clobber bitmask from .parainstructions
x86/debug: Include percpu.h in debugreg.h to get DECLARE_PER_CPU() et al
x86/cpufeatures: Move X86_FEATURE_CALL_DEPTH from bit 18 to bit 19 of word 11, to leave space for WIP X86_FEATURE_SGX_EDECCSSA bit
x86/Kconfig: Enable kernel IBT by default
x86,pm: Force out-of-line memcpy()
objtool: Fix weak hole vs prefix symbol
objtool: Optimize elf_dirty_reloc_sym()
x86/cfi: Add boot time hash randomization
x86/cfi: Boot time selection of CFI scheme
x86/ibt: Implement FineIBT
objtool: Add --cfi to generate the .cfi_sites section
x86: Add prefix symbols for function padding
objtool: Add option to generate prefix symbols
objtool: Avoid O(bloody terrible) behaviour -- an ode to libelf
objtool: Slice up elf_create_section_symbol()
kallsyms: Revert "Take callthunks into account"
x86: Unconfuse CONFIG_ and X86_FEATURE_ namespaces
x86/retpoline: Fix crash printing warning
x86/paravirt: Fix a !PARAVIRT build warning
...
This has nothing to do with random.c and everything to do with stack
protectors. Yes, it uses randomness. But many things use randomness.
random.h and random.c are concerned with the generation of randomness,
not with each and every use. So move this function into the more
specific stackprotector.h file where it belongs.
Acked-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Jason A. Donenfeld <Jason@zx2c4.com>
Also add cpu_number to the pcpu_hot structure, it is often referenced
and this cacheline is there.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220915111145.387678283@infradead.org
The only place where switch_to_new_gdt() is required is early boot to
switch from the early GDT to the direct GDT. Any other invocation is
completely redundant because it does not change anything.
Secondary CPUs come out of the ASM code with GDT and GSBASE correctly set
up. The same is true for XEN_PV.
Remove all the voodoo invocations which are left overs from the ancient
past, rename the function to switch_gdt_and_percpu_base() and mark it init.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20220915111143.198076128@infradead.org
With NEED_PER_CPU_PAGE_FIRST_CHUNK enabled, we need a function to
populate pte, this patch adds a generic pcpu populate pte function,
pcpu_populate_pte(), which is marked __weak and used on most
architectures, but it is overridden on x86, which has its own
implementation.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20211216112359.103822-5-wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com
Signed-off-by: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rafael@kernel.org>
Cc: Dennis Zhou <dennis@kernel.org>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Albert Ou <aou@eecs.berkeley.edu>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com>
Cc: Paul Walmsley <paul.walmsley@sifive.com>
Cc: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
With the previous patch, we could add a generic pcpu first chunk
allocate and free function to cleanup the duplicated definations on each
architecture.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20211216112359.103822-4-wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com
Signed-off-by: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com>
Cc: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Dennis Zhou <dennis@kernel.org>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Albert Ou <aou@eecs.berkeley.edu>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com>
Cc: Paul Walmsley <paul.walmsley@sifive.com>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rafael@kernel.org>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Add pcpu_fc_cpu_to_node_fn_t and pass it into pcpu_fc_alloc_fn_t, pcpu
first chunk allocation will call it to alloc memblock on the
corresponding node by it, this is prepare for the next patch.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20211216112359.103822-3-wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com
Signed-off-by: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com>
Cc: Thomas Bogendoerfer <tsbogend@alpha.franken.de>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rafael@kernel.org>
Cc: Dennis Zhou <dennis@kernel.org>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Cc: Albert Ou <aou@eecs.berkeley.edu>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@dabbelt.com>
Cc: Paul Walmsley <paul.walmsley@sifive.com>
Cc: Will Deacon <will@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Rename memblock_free_ptr() to memblock_free() and use memblock_free()
when freeing a virtual pointer so that memblock_free() will be a
counterpart of memblock_alloc()
The callers are updated with the below semantic patch and manual
addition of (void *) casting to pointers that are represented by
unsigned long variables.
@@
identifier vaddr;
expression size;
@@
(
- memblock_phys_free(__pa(vaddr), size);
+ memblock_free(vaddr, size);
|
- memblock_free_ptr(vaddr, size);
+ memblock_free(vaddr, size);
)
[sfr@canb.auug.org.au: fixup]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20211018192940.3d1d532f@canb.auug.org.au
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210930185031.18648-7-rppt@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Cc: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu>
Cc: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Cc: Shahab Vahedi <Shahab.Vahedi@synopsys.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The boot-time allocation interface for memblock is a mess, with
'memblock_alloc()' returning a virtual pointer, but then you are
supposed to free it with 'memblock_free()' that takes a _physical_
address.
Not only is that all kinds of strange and illogical, but it actually
causes bugs, when people then use it like a normal allocation function,
and it fails spectacularly on a NULL pointer:
https://lore.kernel.org/all/20210912140820.GD25450@xsang-OptiPlex-9020/
or just random memory corruption if the debug checks don't catch it:
https://lore.kernel.org/all/61ab2d0c-3313-aaab-514c-e15b7aa054a0@suse.cz/
I really don't want to apply patches that treat the symptoms, when the
fundamental cause is this horribly confusing interface.
I started out looking at just automating a sane replacement sequence,
but because of this mix or virtual and physical addresses, and because
people have used the "__pa()" macro that can take either a regular
kernel pointer, or just the raw "unsigned long" address, it's all quite
messy.
So this just introduces a new saner interface for freeing a virtual
address that was allocated using 'memblock_alloc()', and that was kept
as a regular kernel pointer. And then it converts a couple of users
that are obvious and easy to test, including the 'xbc_nodes' case in
lib/bootconfig.c that caused problems.
Reported-by: kernel test robot <oliver.sang@intel.com>
Fixes: 40caa127f3 ("init: bootconfig: Remove all bootconfig data when the init memory is removed")
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@kernel.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Masami Hiramatsu <mhiramat@kernel.org>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
After removal of DISCINTIGMEM the NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES and NUMA
configuration options are equivalent.
Drop CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES and use CONFIG_NUMA instead.
Done with
$ sed -i 's/CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES/CONFIG_NUMA/' \
$(git grep -wl CONFIG_NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES)
$ sed -i 's/NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES/NUMA/' \
$(git grep -wl NEED_MULTIPLE_NODES)
with manual tweaks afterwards.
[rppt@linux.ibm.com: fix arm boot crash]
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/YMj9vHhHOiCVN4BF@linux.ibm.com
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20210608091316.3622-9-rppt@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Acked-by: David Hildenbrand <david@redhat.com>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Ivan Kokshaysky <ink@jurassic.park.msu.ru>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Cc: Richard Henderson <rth@twiddle.net>
Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
On 32-bit kernels, the stackprotector canary is quite nasty -- it is
stored at %gs:(20), which is nasty because 32-bit kernels use %fs for
percpu storage. It's even nastier because it means that whether %gs
contains userspace state or kernel state while running kernel code
depends on whether stackprotector is enabled (this is
CONFIG_X86_32_LAZY_GS), and this setting radically changes the way
that segment selectors work. Supporting both variants is a
maintenance and testing mess.
Merely rearranging so that percpu and the stack canary
share the same segment would be messy as the 32-bit percpu address
layout isn't currently compatible with putting a variable at a fixed
offset.
Fortunately, GCC 8.1 added options that allow the stack canary to be
accessed as %fs:__stack_chk_guard, effectively turning it into an ordinary
percpu variable. This lets us get rid of all of the code to manage the
stack canary GDT descriptor and the CONFIG_X86_32_LAZY_GS mess.
(That name is special. We could use any symbol we want for the
%fs-relative mode, but for CONFIG_SMP=n, gcc refuses to let us use any
name other than __stack_chk_guard.)
Forcibly disable stackprotector on older compilers that don't support
the new options and turn the stack canary into a percpu variable. The
"lazy GS" approach is now used for all 32-bit configurations.
Also makes load_gs_index() work on 32-bit kernels. On 64-bit kernels,
it loads the GS selector and updates the user GSBASE accordingly. (This
is unchanged.) On 32-bit kernels, it loads the GS selector and updates
GSBASE, which is now always the user base. This means that the overall
effect is the same on 32-bit and 64-bit, which avoids some ifdeffery.
[ bp: Massage commit message. ]
Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/c0ff7dba14041c7e5d1cae5d4df052f03759bef3.1613243844.git.luto@kernel.org
Remove fault handling on vmalloc areas, as the vmalloc code now takes
care of synchronizing changes to all page-tables in the system.
Signed-off-by: Joerg Roedel <jroedel@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Acked-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: "H . Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox (Oracle) <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: "Rafael J. Wysocki" <rjw@rjwysocki.net>
Cc: Steven Rostedt (VMware) <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20200515140023.25469-8-joro@8bytes.org
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
As said in commit f2c2cbcc35 ("powerpc: Use pr_warn instead of
pr_warning"), removing pr_warning so all logging messages use a
consistent <prefix>_warn style. Let's do it.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20191018031850.48498-7-wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com
To: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Robert Richter <rric@kernel.org>
Cc: Darren Hart <dvhart@infradead.org>
Cc: Andy Shevchenko <andy@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Currently, the IRQ stack is hardcoded as the first page of the percpu
area, and the stack canary lives on the IRQ stack. The former gets in
the way of adding an IRQ stack guard page, and the latter is a potential
weakness in the stack canary mechanism.
Split the IRQ stack into its own private percpu pages.
[ tglx: Make 64 and 32 bit share struct irq_stack ]
Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Cc: Boris Ostrovsky <boris.ostrovsky@oracle.com>
Cc: Brijesh Singh <brijesh.singh@amd.com>
Cc: "Chang S. Bae" <chang.seok.bae@intel.com>
Cc: Dominik Brodowski <linux@dominikbrodowski.net>
Cc: Feng Tang <feng.tang@intel.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Jan Beulich <JBeulich@suse.com>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Cc: Joerg Roedel <jroedel@suse.de>
Cc: Jordan Borgner <mail@jordan-borgner.de>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Cc: Konrad Rzeszutek Wilk <konrad.wilk@oracle.com>
Cc: Maran Wilson <maran.wilson@oracle.com>
Cc: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Cc: Nicolai Stange <nstange@suse.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Pu Wen <puwen@hygon.cn>
Cc: "Rafael Ávila de Espíndola" <rafael@espindo.la>
Cc: Sean Christopherson <sean.j.christopherson@intel.com>
Cc: Stefano Stabellini <sstabellini@kernel.org>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: x86-ml <x86@kernel.org>
Cc: xen-devel@lists.xenproject.org
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20190414160146.267376656@linutronix.de
As all the memblock allocation functions return NULL in case of error
rather than panic(), the duplicates with _nopanic suffix can be removed.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1548057848-15136-22-git-send-email-rppt@linux.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com> [printk]
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@c-s.fr>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Dennis Zhou <dennis@kernel.org>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Greentime Hu <green.hu@gmail.com>
Cc: Guan Xuetao <gxt@pku.edu.cn>
Cc: Guo Ren <guoren@kernel.org>
Cc: Guo Ren <ren_guo@c-sky.com> [c-sky]
Cc: Heiko Carstens <heiko.carstens@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com> [Xen]
Cc: Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com>
Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Cc: Max Filippov <jcmvbkbc@gmail.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu>
Cc: Paul Burton <paul.burton@mips.com>
Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org>
Cc: Rob Herring <robh+dt@kernel.org>
Cc: Rob Herring <robh@kernel.org>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Stafford Horne <shorne@gmail.com>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Move remaining definitions and declarations from include/linux/bootmem.h
into include/linux/memblock.h and remove the redundant header.
The includes were replaced with the semantic patch below and then
semi-automated removal of duplicated '#include <linux/memblock.h>
@@
@@
- #include <linux/bootmem.h>
+ #include <linux/memblock.h>
[sfr@canb.auug.org.au: dma-direct: fix up for the removal of linux/bootmem.h]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181002185342.133d1680@canb.auug.org.au
[sfr@canb.auug.org.au: powerpc: fix up for removal of linux/bootmem.h]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181005161406.73ef8727@canb.auug.org.au
[sfr@canb.auug.org.au: x86/kaslr, ACPI/NUMA: fix for linux/bootmem.h removal]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20181008190341.5e396491@canb.auug.org.au
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1536927045-23536-30-git-send-email-rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Chris Zankel <chris@zankel.net>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Greentime Hu <green.hu@gmail.com>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Guan Xuetao <gxt@pku.edu.cn>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <jejb@parisc-linux.org>
Cc: Jonas Bonn <jonas@southpole.se>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Ley Foon Tan <lftan@altera.com>
Cc: Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu>
Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@sifive.com>
Cc: Paul Burton <paul.burton@mips.com>
Cc: Richard Kuo <rkuo@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Serge Semin <fancer.lancer@gmail.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When __alloc_bootmem_nopanic() is used with explicit lower limit for the
allocation it attempts to allocate memory at or above that limit and falls
back to allocation with no limit set.
The memblock_alloc_from_nopanic() does exactly the same thing and can be
used as a replacement for __alloc_bootmem_nopanic() is such cases.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1536927045-23536-14-git-send-email-rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Chris Zankel <chris@zankel.net>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Greentime Hu <green.hu@gmail.com>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Guan Xuetao <gxt@pku.edu.cn>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <jejb@parisc-linux.org>
Cc: Jonas Bonn <jonas@southpole.se>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Ley Foon Tan <lftan@altera.com>
Cc: Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu>
Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@sifive.com>
Cc: Paul Burton <paul.burton@mips.com>
Cc: Richard Kuo <rkuo@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Serge Semin <fancer.lancer@gmail.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The __alloc_bootmem_node_nopanic() attempts to allocate memory for a
specified node. If the allocation fails it then retries to allocate memory
from any node. Upon success, the allocated memory is set to 0.
The memblock_alloc_try_nid_nopanic() does exactly the same thing and can be
used instead.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1536927045-23536-11-git-send-email-rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Chris Zankel <chris@zankel.net>
Cc: "David S. Miller" <davem@davemloft.net>
Cc: Geert Uytterhoeven <geert@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Greentime Hu <green.hu@gmail.com>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Guan Xuetao <gxt@pku.edu.cn>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: "James E.J. Bottomley" <jejb@parisc-linux.org>
Cc: Jonas Bonn <jonas@southpole.se>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Ley Foon Tan <lftan@altera.com>
Cc: Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com>
Cc: Martin Schwidefsky <schwidefsky@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Matt Turner <mattst88@gmail.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Michal Simek <monstr@monstr.eu>
Cc: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@sifive.com>
Cc: Paul Burton <paul.burton@mips.com>
Cc: Richard Kuo <rkuo@codeaurora.org>
Cc: Richard Weinberger <richard@nod.at>
Cc: Rich Felker <dalias@libc.org>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Serge Semin <fancer.lancer@gmail.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The separation of the cpu_entry_area from the fixmap missed the fact that
on 32bit non-PAE kernels the cpu_entry_area mapping might not be covered in
initial_page_table by the previous synchronizations.
This results in suspend/resume failures because 32bit utilizes initial page
table for resume. The absence of the cpu_entry_area mapping results in a
triple fault, aka. insta reboot.
With PAE enabled this works by chance because the PGD entry which covers
the fixmap and other parts incindentally provides the cpu_entry_area
mapping as well.
Synchronize the initial page table after setting up the cpu entry
area. Instead of adding yet another copy of the same code, move it to a
function and invoke it from the various places.
It needs to be investigated if the existing calls in setup_arch() and
setup_per_cpu_areas() can be replaced by the later invocation from
setup_cpu_entry_areas(), but that's beyond the scope of this fix.
Fixes: 92a0f81d89 ("x86/cpu_entry_area: Move it out of the fixmap")
Reported-by: Woody Suwalski <terraluna977@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Tested-by: Woody Suwalski <terraluna977@gmail.com>
Cc: William Grant <william.grant@canonical.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/alpine.DEB.2.21.1802282137290.1392@nanos.tec.linutronix.de
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
First, number of CPUs can't be negative number.
Second, different signnnedness leads to suboptimal code in the following
cases:
1)
kmalloc(nr_cpu_ids * sizeof(X));
"int" has to be sign extended to size_t.
2)
while (loff_t *pos < nr_cpu_ids)
MOVSXD is 1 byte longed than the same MOV.
Other cases exist as well. Basically compiler is told that nr_cpu_ids
can't be negative which can't be deduced if it is "int".
Code savings on allyesconfig kernel: -3KB
add/remove: 0/0 grow/shrink: 25/264 up/down: 261/-3631 (-3370)
function old new delta
coretemp_cpu_online 450 512 +62
rcu_init_one 1234 1272 +38
pci_device_probe 374 399 +25
...
pgdat_reclaimable_pages 628 556 -72
select_fallback_rq 446 369 -77
task_numa_find_cpu 1923 1807 -116
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170819114959.GA30580@avx2
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The IDT cleanup is about to remove pack_descriptor(). The GDT setup for the
per-cpu storage can be achieved with the static initializer as well. Replace
it.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170828064957.954214927@linutronix.de
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
This partially reverts commit:
23b2a4ddeb ("x86/boot/32: Defer resyncing initial_page_table until per-cpu is set up")
That commit had one definite bug and one potential bug. The
definite bug is that setup_per_cpu_areas() uses a differnet generic
implementation on UP kernels, so initial_page_table never got
resynced. This was fine for access to percpu data (it's in the
identity map on UP), but it breaks other users of
initial_page_table. The potential bug is that helpers like
efi_init() would be called before the tables were synced.
Avoid both problems by just syncing the page tables in setup_arch()
*and* setup_per_cpu_areas().
Reported-by: Jan Kiszka <jan.kiszka@siemens.com>
Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Andy Shevchenko <andy.shevchenko@gmail.com>
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Cc: Boris Ostrovsky <boris.ostrovsky@oracle.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Matt Fleming <matt@codeblueprint.co.uk>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Garnier <thgarnie@google.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-efi@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
The x86 smpboot trampoline expects initial_page_table to have the
GDT mapped. If the GDT ends up in a virtually mapped per-cpu page,
then it won't be in the page tables at all until perc-pu areas are
set up. The result will be a triple fault the first time that the
CPU attempts to access the GDT after LGDT loads the perc-pu GDT.
This appears to be an old bug, but somehow the GDT fixmap rework
is triggering it. This seems to have something to do with the
memory layout.
Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Cc: Boris Ostrovsky <boris.ostrovsky@oracle.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Matt Fleming <matt@codeblueprint.co.uk>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Garnier <thgarnie@google.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-efi@vger.kernel.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/a553264a5972c6a86f9b5caac237470a0c74a720.1490218061.git.luto@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Each processor holds a GDT in its per-cpu structure. The sgdt
instruction gives the base address of the current GDT. This address can
be used to bypass KASLR memory randomization. With another bug, an
attacker could target other per-cpu structures or deduce the base of
the main memory section (PAGE_OFFSET).
This patch relocates the GDT table for each processor inside the
fixmap section. The space is reserved based on number of supported
processors.
For consistency, the remapping is done by default on 32 and 64-bit.
Each processor switches to its remapped GDT at the end of
initialization. For hibernation, the main processor returns with the
original GDT and switches back to the remapping at completion.
This patch was tested on both architectures. Hibernation and KVM were
both tested specially for their usage of the GDT.
Thanks to Boris Ostrovsky <boris.ostrovsky@oracle.com> for testing and
recommending changes for Xen support.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Garnier <thgarnie@google.com>
Cc: Alexander Potapenko <glider@google.com>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andrey Ryabinin <aryabinin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Ard Biesheuvel <ard.biesheuvel@linaro.org>
Cc: Boris Ostrovsky <boris.ostrovsky@oracle.com>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@suse.de>
Cc: Chris Wilson <chris@chris-wilson.co.uk>
Cc: Christian Borntraeger <borntraeger@de.ibm.com>
Cc: Dmitry Vyukov <dvyukov@google.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: Jiri Kosina <jikos@kernel.org>
Cc: Joerg Roedel <joro@8bytes.org>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Juergen Gross <jgross@suse.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Len Brown <len.brown@intel.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Lorenzo Stoakes <lstoakes@gmail.com>
Cc: Luis R . Rodriguez <mcgrof@kernel.org>
Cc: Matt Fleming <matt@codeblueprint.co.uk>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Cc: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Radim Krčmář <rkrcmar@redhat.com>
Cc: Rafael J . Wysocki <rjw@rjwysocki.net>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Stanislaw Gruszka <sgruszka@redhat.com>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Tim Chen <tim.c.chen@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Cc: kasan-dev@googlegroups.com
Cc: kernel-hardening@lists.openwall.com
Cc: kvm@vger.kernel.org
Cc: lguest@lists.ozlabs.org
Cc: linux-doc@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-efi@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-mm@kvack.org
Cc: linux-pm@vger.kernel.org
Cc: xen-devel@lists.xenproject.org
Cc: zijun_hu <zijun_hu@htc.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170314170508.100882-2-thgarnie@google.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
This was originally a part of commit 186f43608a5c:
("x86/kernel: Audit and remove any unnecessary uses of module.h")
...but without the asm/desc.h addition. As such, Ingo reported a
build failure on i386 allnoconfig with SMP=y during his pre-merge
testing. For expediency the chunk was just dropped at that time.
The failure was as follows:
arch/x86/kernel/setup_percpu.c: In function ‘setup_percpu_segment’:
arch/x86/kernel/setup_percpu.c:159:2: error: implicit declaration of function ‘pack_descriptor’ [-Werror=implicit-function-declaration]
arch/x86/kernel/setup_percpu.c:162:2: error: implicit declaration of function ‘write_gdt_entry’ [-Werror=implicit-function-declaration]
arch/x86/kernel/setup_percpu.c:162:18: error: implicit declaration of function ‘get_cpu_gdt_table’ [-Werror=implicit-function-declaration]
As pack_descriptor(), write_gdt_entry() and get_cpu_gdt_table() all
live in the file arch/x86/include/asm/desc.h -- calling that header
out explicitly should fix things.
Reported-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Paul Gortmaker <paul.gortmaker@windriver.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20161114190443.10873-1-paul.gortmaker@windriver.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
There has been a 64-byte gap at the end of the irq stack for at least 12
years. It predates git history, and I can't find any good reason for
it. Remove it. What's the worst that could happen?
Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Byungchul Park <byungchul.park@lge.com>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: Frederic Weisbecker <fweisbec@gmail.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Nilay Vaish <nilayvaish@gmail.com>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/14f9281c5475cc44af95945ea7546bff2e3836db.1471535549.git.jpoimboe@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Guided by grsecurity's analogous __read_only markings in arch/x86,
this applies several uses of __ro_after_init to structures that are
only updated during __init, and const for some structures that are
never updated. Additionally extends __init markings to some functions
that are only used during __init, and cleans up some missing C99 style
static initializers.
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brad Spengler <spender@grsecurity.net>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: David Brown <david.brown@linaro.org>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <dvlasenk@redhat.com>
Cc: Emese Revfy <re.emese@gmail.com>
Cc: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Mathias Krause <minipli@googlemail.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: PaX Team <pageexec@freemail.hu>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: kernel-hardening@lists.openwall.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160808232906.GA29731@www.outflux.net
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Currently we don't save ACPI ids (unlike LAPIC ids which go to
x86_cpu_to_apicid) from MADT and we may need this information later.
Particularly, ACPI ids is the only existent way for a PVHVM Xen guest
to figure out Xen's idea of its vCPUs ids before these CPUs boot and
in some cases these ids diverge from Linux's cpu ids.
Signed-off-by: Vitaly Kuznetsov <vkuznets@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David Vrabel <david.vrabel@citrix.com>
Both this_cpu_off and cpu_info aren't getting modified post boot, yet
are being accessed on enough code paths that grouping them with other
frequently read items seems desirable. For cpu_info this at the same
time implies removing the cache line alignment (which afaict became
pointless when it got converted to per-CPU data years ago).
Signed-off-by: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@suse.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/54589BD20200007800044A84@mail.emea.novell.com
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Add "read-mostly" qualifier to the following variables in
smp.h:
- cpu_sibling_map
- cpu_core_map
- cpu_llc_shared_map
- cpu_llc_id
- cpu_number
- x86_cpu_to_apicid
- x86_bios_cpu_apicid
- x86_cpu_to_logical_apicid
As long as all the variables above are only written during the
initialization, this change is meant to prevent the false
sharing. More specifically, on vSMP Foundation platform
x86_cpu_to_apicid shared the same internode_cache_line with
frequently written lapic_events.
From the analysis of the first 33 per_cpu variables out of 219
(memories they describe, to be more specific) the 8 have read_mostly
nature (tlb_vector_offset, cpu_loops_per_jiffy, xen_debug_irq, etc.)
and 25 are frequently written (irq_stack_union, gdt_page,
exception_stacks, idt_desc, etc.).
Assuming that the spread of the rest of the per_cpu variables is
similar, identifying the read mostly memories will make more sense
in terms of long-term code maintenance comparing to identifying
frequently written memories.
Signed-off-by: Vlad Zolotarov <vlad@scalemp.com>
Acked-by: Shai Fultheim <shai@scalemp.com>
Cc: Shai Fultheim (Shai@ScaleMP.com) <Shai@scalemp.com>
Cc: ido@wizery.com
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <a.p.zijlstra@chello.nl>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1719258.EYKzE4Zbq5@vlad
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
With the embed percpu first chunk allocator, x86 uses either PAGE_SIZE
or PMD_SIZE for atom_size. PMD_SIZE is used when CPU supports PSE so
that percpu areas are aligned to PMD mappings and possibly allow using
PMD mappings in vmalloc areas in the future. Using larger atom_size
doesn't waste actual memory; however, it does require larger vmalloc
space allocation later on for !first chunks.
With reasonably sized vmalloc area, PMD_SIZE shouldn't be a problem
but x86_32 at this point is anything but reasonable in terms of
address space and using larger atom_size reportedly leads to frequent
percpu allocation failures on certain setups.
As there is no reason to not use PMD_SIZE on x86_64 as vmalloc space
is aplenty and most x86_64 configurations support PSE, fix the issue
by always using PMD_SIZE on x86_64 and PAGE_SIZE on x86_32.
v2: drop cpu_has_pse test and make x86_64 always use PMD_SIZE and
x86_32 PAGE_SIZE as suggested by hpa.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Reported-by: Yanmin Zhang <yanmin.zhang@intel.com>
Reported-by: ShuoX Liu <shuox.liu@intel.com>
Acked-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
LKML-Reference: <4F97BA98.6010001@intel.com>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
Unlike 64bit, 32bit has been using its own cpu_to_node_map[] for
CPU -> NUMA node mapping. Replace it with early_percpu variable
x86_cpu_to_node_map and share the mapping code with 64bit.
* USE_PERCPU_NUMA_NODE_ID is now enabled for 32bit too.
* x86_cpu_to_node_map and numa_set/clear_node() are moved from
numa_64 to numa. For now, on 32bit, x86_cpu_to_node_map is initialized
with 0 instead of NUMA_NO_NODE. This is to avoid introducing unexpected
behavior change and will be updated once init path is unified.
* srat_detect_node() is now enabled for x86_32 too. It calls
numa_set_node() and initializes the mapping making explicit
cpu_to_node_map[] updates from map/unmap_cpu_to_node() unnecessary.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: eric.dumazet@gmail.com
Cc: yinghai@kernel.org
Cc: brgerst@gmail.com
Cc: gorcunov@gmail.com
Cc: penberg@kernel.org
Cc: shaohui.zheng@intel.com
Cc: rientjes@google.com
LKML-Reference: <1295789862-25482-15-git-send-email-tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Unlike x86_64, on x86_32, the mapping from cpu to logical apicid
may vary depending on apic in use. cpu_2_logical_apicid[] array
is used for this mapping. Replace it with early percpu variable
x86_cpu_to_logical_apicid to make it better aligned with other
mappings.
Signed-off-by: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: eric.dumazet@gmail.com
Cc: yinghai@kernel.org
Cc: brgerst@gmail.com
Cc: gorcunov@gmail.com
Cc: penberg@kernel.org
Cc: shaohui.zheng@intel.com
Cc: rientjes@google.com
LKML-Reference: <1295789862-25482-5-git-send-email-tj@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
* 'core-memblock-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip: (74 commits)
x86-64: Only set max_pfn_mapped to 512 MiB if we enter via head_64.S
xen: Cope with unmapped pages when initializing kernel pagetable
memblock, bootmem: Round pfn properly for memory and reserved regions
memblock: Annotate memblock functions with __init_memblock
memblock: Allow memblock_init to be called early
memblock/arm: Fix memblock_region_is_memory() typo
x86, memblock: Remove __memblock_x86_find_in_range_size()
memblock: Fix wraparound in find_region()
x86-32, memblock: Make add_highpages honor early reserved ranges
x86, memblock: Fix crashkernel allocation
arm, memblock: Fix the sparsemem build
memblock: Fix section mismatch warnings
powerpc, memblock: Fix memblock API change fallout
memblock, microblaze: Fix memblock API change fallout
x86: Remove old bootmem code
x86, memblock: Use memblock_memory_size()/memblock_free_memory_size() to get correct dma_reserve
x86: Remove not used early_res code
x86, memblock: Replace e820_/_early string with memblock_
x86: Use memblock to replace early_res
x86, memblock: Use memblock_debug to control debug message print out
...
Fix up trivial conflicts in arch/x86/kernel/setup.c and kernel/Makefile
1. replace find_e820_area with memblock_find_in_range
2. replace reserve_early with memblock_x86_reserve_range
3. replace free_early with memblock_x86_free_range.
4. NO_BOOTMEM will switch to use memblock too.
5. use _e820, _early wrap in the patch, in following patch, will
replace them all
6. because memblock_x86_free_range support partial free, we can remove some special care
7. Need to make sure that memblock_find_in_range() is called after memblock_x86_fill()
so adjust some calling later in setup.c::setup_arch()
-- corruption_check and mptable_update
-v2: Move reserve_brk() early
Before fill_memblock_area, to avoid overlap between brk and memblock_find_in_range()
that could happen We have more then 128 RAM entry in E820 tables, and
memblock_x86_fill() could use memblock_find_in_range() to find a new place for
memblock.memory.region array.
and We don't need to use extend_brk() after fill_memblock_area()
So move reserve_brk() early before fill_memblock_area().
-v3: Move find_smp_config early
To make sure memblock_find_in_range not find wrong place, if BIOS doesn't put mptable
in right place.
-v4: Treat RESERVED_KERN as RAM in memblock.memory. and they are already in
memblock.reserved already..
use __NOT_KEEP_MEMBLOCK to make sure memblock related code could be freed later.
-v5: Generic version __memblock_find_in_range() is going from high to low, and for 32bit
active_region for 32bit does include high pages
need to replace the limit with memblock.default_alloc_limit, aka get_max_mapped()
-v6: Use current_limit instead
-v7: check with MEMBLOCK_ERROR instead of -1ULL or -1L
-v8: Set memblock_can_resize early to handle EFI with more RAM entries
-v9: update after kmemleak changes in mainline
Suggested-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Suggested-by: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Suggested-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Yinghai Lu <yinghai@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
boot_cpu_id is there for historical reasons and was renamed to
boot_cpu_physical_apicid in patch:
c70dcb7 x86: change boot_cpu_id to boot_cpu_physical_apicid
However, there are some remaining occurrences of boot_cpu_id that are
never touched in the kernel and thus its value is always 0.
This patch removes boot_cpu_id completely.
Signed-off-by: Robert Richter <robert.richter@amd.com>
LKML-Reference: <1279731838-1522-8-git-send-email-robert.richter@amd.com>
Signed-off-by: H. Peter Anvin <hpa@linux.intel.com>
Pointed out by Lucas who found the new one in a comment in
setup_percpu.c. And then I fixed the others that I grepped
for.
Reported-by: Lucas <canolucas@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Commit e534c7c5f8 ("numa: x86_64: use generic percpu var
numa_node_id() implementation") broke numa systems that don't have ram
on node0 when MEMORY_HOTPLUG is enabled, because cpu_up() will call
cpu_to_node() before per_cpu(numa_node) is setup for APs.
When Node0 doesn't have RAM, on x86, cpus already round it to nearest
node with RAM in x86_cpu_to_node_map. and per_cpu(numa_node) is not set
up until in c_init for APs.
When later cpu_up() calling cpu_to_node() will get 0 again, and make it
online even there is no RAM on node0. so later all APs can not booted up,
and later will have panic.
[ 1.611101] On node 0 totalpages: 0
.........
[ 2.608558] On node 0 totalpages: 0
[ 2.612065] Brought up 1 CPUs
[ 2.615199] Total of 1 processors activated (3990.31 BogoMIPS).
...
93.225341] calling loop_init+0x0/0x1a4 @ 1
[ 93.229314] PERCPU: allocation failed, size=80 align=8, failed to populate
[ 93.246539] Pid: 1, comm: swapper Tainted: G W 2.6.35-rc4-tip-yh-04371-gd64e6c4-dirty #354
[ 93.264621] Call Trace:
[ 93.266533] [<ffffffff81125e43>] pcpu_alloc+0x83a/0x8e7
[ 93.270710] [<ffffffff81125f15>] __alloc_percpu+0x10/0x12
[ 93.285849] [<ffffffff8140786c>] alloc_disk_node+0x94/0x16d
[ 93.291811] [<ffffffff81407956>] alloc_disk+0x11/0x13
[ 93.306157] [<ffffffff81503e51>] loop_alloc+0xa7/0x180
[ 93.310538] [<ffffffff8277ef48>] loop_init+0x9b/0x1a4
[ 93.324909] [<ffffffff8277eead>] ? loop_init+0x0/0x1a4
[ 93.329650] [<ffffffff810001f2>] do_one_initcall+0x57/0x136
[ 93.345197] [<ffffffff827486d0>] kernel_init+0x184/0x20e
[ 93.348146] [<ffffffff81034954>] kernel_thread_helper+0x4/0x10
[ 93.365194] [<ffffffff81c7cc3c>] ? restore_args+0x0/0x30
[ 93.369305] [<ffffffff8274854c>] ? kernel_init+0x0/0x20e
[ 93.386011] [<ffffffff81034950>] ? kernel_thread_helper+0x0/0x10
[ 93.392047] loop: out of memory
...
Try to assign per_cpu(numa_node) early
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: tidy up code comment]
Signed-off-by: Yinghai <yinghai@kernel.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Denys Vlasenko <vda.linux@googlemail.com>
Acked-by: Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* 'x86-fixes-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/linux-2.6-tip:
x86, smpboot: Fix cores per node printing on boot
x86/amd-iommu: Fall back to GART if initialization fails
x86/amd-iommu: Fix crash when request_mem_region fails
x86/mm: Remove unused DBG() macro
arch/x86/kernel: Add missing spin_unlock
* 'for-35' of git://repo.or.cz/linux-kbuild: (81 commits)
kbuild: Revert part of e8d400a to resolve a conflict
kbuild: Fix checking of scm-identifier variable
gconfig: add support to show hidden options that have prompts
menuconfig: add support to show hidden options which have prompts
gconfig: remove show_debug option
gconfig: remove dbg_print_ptype() and dbg_print_stype()
kconfig: fix zconfdump()
kconfig: some small fixes
add random binaries to .gitignore
kbuild: Include gen_initramfs_list.sh and the file list in the .d file
kconfig: recalc symbol value before showing search results
.gitignore: ignore *.lzo files
headerdep: perlcritic warning
scripts/Makefile.lib: Align the output of LZO
kbuild: Generate modules.builtin in make modules_install
Revert "kbuild: specify absolute paths for cscope"
kbuild: Do not unnecessarily regenerate modules.builtin
headers_install: use local file handles
headers_check: fix perl warnings
export_report: fix perl warnings
...
x86 arch specific changes to use generic numa_node_id() based on generic
percpu variable infrastructure. Back out x86's custom version of
numa_node_id()
Signed-off-by: Lee Schermerhorn <lee.schermerhorn@hp.com>
Cc: Tejun Heo <tj@kernel.org>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mel@csn.ul.ie>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@suse.de>
Cc: David Rientjes <rientjes@google.com>
Cc: Eric Whitney <eric.whitney@hp.com>
Cc: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: "H. Peter Anvin" <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: "Luck, Tony" <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Cc: <linux-arch@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Linus Torvalds