In this cycle, we've mainly investigated the zoned block device support along
with patches such as correcting write pointers between f2fs and storage, adding
asynchronous zone reset flow, and managing the number of open zones. Other than
them, f2fs adds another mount option, "errors=x" to specify how to handle when
it detects an unexpected behavior at runtime.
Enhancement:
- support errors=remount-ro|continue|panic mountoption
- enforce some inode flag policies
- allow .tmp compression given extensions
- add some ioctls to manage the f2fs compression
- improve looped node chain flow
- avoid issuing small-sized discard commands during checkpoint
- implement an asynchronous zone reset
Bug fix:
- fix deadlock in xattr and inode page lock
- fix and add sanity check in some error paths
- fix to avoid NULL pointer dereference f2fs_write_end_io() along with put_super
- set proper flags to quota files
- fix potential deadlock due to unpaired node_write lock use
- fix over-estimating free section during FG GC
- fix the wrong condition to determine atomic context
As usual, also there are a number of patches having code refactoring and minor
clean-ups.
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Merge tag 'f2fs-for-6.5-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs
Pull f2fs updates from Jaegeuk Kim:
"In this cycle, we've mainly investigated the zoned block device
support along with patches such as correcting write pointers between
f2fs and storage, adding asynchronous zone reset flow, and managing
the number of open zones.
Other than them, f2fs adds another mount option, "errors=x" to specify
how to handle when it detects an unexpected behavior at runtime.
Enhancements:
- support 'errors=remount-ro|continue|panic' mount option
- enforce some inode flag policies
- allow .tmp compression given extensions
- add some ioctls to manage the f2fs compression
- improve looped node chain flow
- avoid issuing small-sized discard commands during checkpoint
- implement an asynchronous zone reset
Bug fixes:
- fix deadlock in xattr and inode page lock
- fix and add sanity check in some error paths
- fix to avoid NULL pointer dereference f2fs_write_end_io() along
with put_super
- set proper flags to quota files
- fix potential deadlock due to unpaired node_write lock use
- fix over-estimating free section during FG GC
- fix the wrong condition to determine atomic context
As usual, also there are a number of patches with code refactoring and
minor clean-ups"
* tag 'f2fs-for-6.5-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs: (46 commits)
f2fs: fix to do sanity check on direct node in truncate_dnode()
f2fs: only set release for file that has compressed data
f2fs: fix compile warning in f2fs_destroy_node_manager()
f2fs: fix error path handling in truncate_dnode()
f2fs: fix deadlock in i_xattr_sem and inode page lock
f2fs: remove unneeded page uptodate check/set
f2fs: update mtime and ctime in move file range method
f2fs: compress tmp files given extension
f2fs: refactor struct f2fs_attr macro
f2fs: convert to use sbi directly
f2fs: remove redundant assignment to variable err
f2fs: do not issue small discard commands during checkpoint
f2fs: check zone write pointer points to the end of zone
f2fs: add f2fs_ioc_get_compress_blocks
f2fs: cleanup MIN_INLINE_XATTR_SIZE
f2fs: add helper to check compression level
f2fs: set FMODE_CAN_ODIRECT instead of a dummy direct_IO method
f2fs: do more sanity check on inode
f2fs: compress: fix to check validity of i_compress_flag field
f2fs: add sanity compress level check for compressed file
...
syzbot reports below bug:
BUG: KASAN: slab-use-after-free in f2fs_truncate_data_blocks_range+0x122a/0x14c0 fs/f2fs/file.c:574
Read of size 4 at addr ffff88802a25c000 by task syz-executor148/5000
CPU: 1 PID: 5000 Comm: syz-executor148 Not tainted 6.4.0-rc7-syzkaller-00041-ge660abd551f1 #0
Hardware name: Google Google Compute Engine/Google Compute Engine, BIOS Google 05/27/2023
Call Trace:
<TASK>
__dump_stack lib/dump_stack.c:88 [inline]
dump_stack_lvl+0xd9/0x150 lib/dump_stack.c:106
print_address_description.constprop.0+0x2c/0x3c0 mm/kasan/report.c:351
print_report mm/kasan/report.c:462 [inline]
kasan_report+0x11c/0x130 mm/kasan/report.c:572
f2fs_truncate_data_blocks_range+0x122a/0x14c0 fs/f2fs/file.c:574
truncate_dnode+0x229/0x2e0 fs/f2fs/node.c:944
f2fs_truncate_inode_blocks+0x64b/0xde0 fs/f2fs/node.c:1154
f2fs_do_truncate_blocks+0x4ac/0xf30 fs/f2fs/file.c:721
f2fs_truncate_blocks+0x7b/0x300 fs/f2fs/file.c:749
f2fs_truncate.part.0+0x4a5/0x630 fs/f2fs/file.c:799
f2fs_truncate include/linux/fs.h:825 [inline]
f2fs_setattr+0x1738/0x2090 fs/f2fs/file.c:1006
notify_change+0xb2c/0x1180 fs/attr.c:483
do_truncate+0x143/0x200 fs/open.c:66
handle_truncate fs/namei.c:3295 [inline]
do_open fs/namei.c:3640 [inline]
path_openat+0x2083/0x2750 fs/namei.c:3791
do_filp_open+0x1ba/0x410 fs/namei.c:3818
do_sys_openat2+0x16d/0x4c0 fs/open.c:1356
do_sys_open fs/open.c:1372 [inline]
__do_sys_creat fs/open.c:1448 [inline]
__se_sys_creat fs/open.c:1442 [inline]
__x64_sys_creat+0xcd/0x120 fs/open.c:1442
do_syscall_x64 arch/x86/entry/common.c:50 [inline]
do_syscall_64+0x39/0xb0 arch/x86/entry/common.c:80
entry_SYSCALL_64_after_hwframe+0x63/0xcd
The root cause is, inodeA references inodeB via inodeB's ino, once inodeA
is truncated, it calls truncate_dnode() to truncate data blocks in inodeB's
node page, it traverse mapping data from node->i.i_addr[0] to
node->i.i_addr[ADDRS_PER_BLOCK() - 1], result in out-of-boundary access.
This patch fixes to add sanity check on dnode page in truncate_dnode(),
so that, it can help to avoid triggering such issue, and once it encounters
such issue, it will record newly introduced ERROR_INVALID_NODE_REFERENCE
error into superblock, later fsck can detect such issue and try repairing.
Also, it removes f2fs_truncate_data_blocks() for cleanup due to the
function has only one caller, and uses f2fs_truncate_data_blocks_range()
instead.
Reported-and-tested-by: syzbot+12cb4425b22169b52036@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-f2fs-devel/000000000000f3038a05fef867f8@google.com
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
If a file is not comprssed yet or does not have compressed data,
for example, its data has a very low compression ratio, do not
set FI_COMPRESS_RELEASED flag.
Signed-off-by: Sheng Yong <shengyong@oppo.com>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
- Yosry has also eliminated cgroup's atomic rstat flushing.
- Nhat Pham adds the new cachestat() syscall. It provides userspace
with the ability to query pagecache status - a similar concept to
mincore() but more powerful and with improved usability.
- Mel Gorman provides more optimizations for compaction, reducing the
prevalence of page rescanning.
- Lorenzo Stoakes has done some maintanance work on the get_user_pages()
interface.
- Liam Howlett continues with cleanups and maintenance work to the maple
tree code. Peng Zhang also does some work on maple tree.
- Johannes Weiner has done some cleanup work on the compaction code.
- David Hildenbrand has contributed additional selftests for
get_user_pages().
- Thomas Gleixner has contributed some maintenance and optimization work
for the vmalloc code.
- Baolin Wang has provided some compaction cleanups,
- SeongJae Park continues maintenance work on the DAMON code.
- Huang Ying has done some maintenance on the swap code's usage of
device refcounting.
- Christoph Hellwig has some cleanups for the filemap/directio code.
- Ryan Roberts provides two patch series which yield some
rationalization of the kernel's access to pte entries - use the provided
APIs rather than open-coding accesses.
- Lorenzo Stoakes has some fixes to the interaction between pagecache
and directio access to file mappings.
- John Hubbard has a series of fixes to the MM selftesting code.
- ZhangPeng continues the folio conversion campaign.
- Hugh Dickins has been working on the pagetable handling code, mainly
with a view to reducing the load on the mmap_lock.
- Catalin Marinas has reduced the arm64 kmalloc() minimum alignment from
128 to 8.
- Domenico Cerasuolo has improved the zswap reclaim mechanism by
reorganizing the LRU management.
- Matthew Wilcox provides some fixups to make gfs2 work better with the
buffer_head code.
- Vishal Moola also has done some folio conversion work.
- Matthew Wilcox has removed the remnants of the pagevec code - their
functionality is migrated over to struct folio_batch.
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Merge tag 'mm-stable-2023-06-24-19-15' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm
Pull mm updates from Andrew Morton:
- Yosry Ahmed brought back some cgroup v1 stats in OOM logs
- Yosry has also eliminated cgroup's atomic rstat flushing
- Nhat Pham adds the new cachestat() syscall. It provides userspace
with the ability to query pagecache status - a similar concept to
mincore() but more powerful and with improved usability
- Mel Gorman provides more optimizations for compaction, reducing the
prevalence of page rescanning
- Lorenzo Stoakes has done some maintanance work on the
get_user_pages() interface
- Liam Howlett continues with cleanups and maintenance work to the
maple tree code. Peng Zhang also does some work on maple tree
- Johannes Weiner has done some cleanup work on the compaction code
- David Hildenbrand has contributed additional selftests for
get_user_pages()
- Thomas Gleixner has contributed some maintenance and optimization
work for the vmalloc code
- Baolin Wang has provided some compaction cleanups,
- SeongJae Park continues maintenance work on the DAMON code
- Huang Ying has done some maintenance on the swap code's usage of
device refcounting
- Christoph Hellwig has some cleanups for the filemap/directio code
- Ryan Roberts provides two patch series which yield some
rationalization of the kernel's access to pte entries - use the
provided APIs rather than open-coding accesses
- Lorenzo Stoakes has some fixes to the interaction between pagecache
and directio access to file mappings
- John Hubbard has a series of fixes to the MM selftesting code
- ZhangPeng continues the folio conversion campaign
- Hugh Dickins has been working on the pagetable handling code, mainly
with a view to reducing the load on the mmap_lock
- Catalin Marinas has reduced the arm64 kmalloc() minimum alignment
from 128 to 8
- Domenico Cerasuolo has improved the zswap reclaim mechanism by
reorganizing the LRU management
- Matthew Wilcox provides some fixups to make gfs2 work better with the
buffer_head code
- Vishal Moola also has done some folio conversion work
- Matthew Wilcox has removed the remnants of the pagevec code - their
functionality is migrated over to struct folio_batch
* tag 'mm-stable-2023-06-24-19-15' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/akpm/mm: (380 commits)
mm/hugetlb: remove hugetlb_set_page_subpool()
mm: nommu: correct the range of mmap_sem_read_lock in task_mem()
hugetlb: revert use of page_cache_next_miss()
Revert "page cache: fix page_cache_next/prev_miss off by one"
mm/vmscan: fix root proactive reclaim unthrottling unbalanced node
mm: memcg: rename and document global_reclaim()
mm: kill [add|del]_page_to_lru_list()
mm: compaction: convert to use a folio in isolate_migratepages_block()
mm: zswap: fix double invalidate with exclusive loads
mm: remove unnecessary pagevec includes
mm: remove references to pagevec
mm: rename invalidate_mapping_pagevec to mapping_try_invalidate
mm: remove struct pagevec
net: convert sunrpc from pagevec to folio_batch
i915: convert i915_gpu_error to use a folio_batch
pagevec: rename fbatch_count()
mm: remove check_move_unevictable_pages()
drm: convert drm_gem_put_pages() to use a folio_batch
i915: convert shmem_sg_free_table() to use a folio_batch
scatterlist: add sg_set_folio()
...
This patch remove unneeded page uptodate check/set in
f2fs_vm_page_mkwrite, which already done in set_page_dirty.
Signed-off-by: Yunlei He <heyunlei@oppo.com>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Mtime and ctime stay old value without update after move
file range ioctl. This patch add time update.
Signed-off-by: Yunlei He <heyunlei@oppo.com>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
F2FS_I_SB(inode) is redundant.
Signed-off-by: Yangtao Li <frank.li@vivo.com>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch adds f2fs_ioc_get_compress_blocks() to provide a common
f2fs_get_compress_blocks().
Signed-off-by: Sheng Yong <shengyong@oppo.com>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Since commit a2ad63daa8 ("VFS: add FMODE_CAN_ODIRECT file flag") file
systems can just set the FMODE_CAN_ODIRECT flag at open time instead of
wiring up a dummy direct_IO method to indicate support for direct I/O.
Do that for f2fs so that noop_direct_IO can eventually be removed.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
The f2fs uses generic_file_buffered_read(), which supports buffered async
reads since commit 1a0a7853b9 ("mm: support async buffered reads in
generic_file_buffered_read()").
Let's enable it to match other file-systems. The read performance has been
greatly improved under io_uring:
167M/s -> 234M/s, Increase ratio by 40%
Test w/:
./fio --name=onessd --filename=/data/test/local/io_uring_test
--size=256M --rw=randread --bs=4k --direct=0 --overwrite=0
--numjobs=1 --iodepth=1 --time_based=0 --runtime=10
--ioengine=io_uring --registerfiles --fixedbufs
--gtod_reduce=1 --group_reporting --sqthread_poll=1
Signed-off-by: Lu Hongfei <luhongfei@vivo.com>
Signed-off-by: Yangtao Li <frank.li@vivo.com>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
butt3rflyh4ck reports a bug as below:
When a thread always calls F2FS_IOC_RESIZE_FS to resize fs, if resize fs is
failed, f2fs kernel thread would invoke callback function to update f2fs io
info, it would call f2fs_write_end_io and may trigger null-ptr-deref in
NODE_MAPPING.
general protection fault, probably for non-canonical address
KASAN: null-ptr-deref in range [0x0000000000000030-0x0000000000000037]
RIP: 0010:NODE_MAPPING fs/f2fs/f2fs.h:1972 [inline]
RIP: 0010:f2fs_write_end_io+0x727/0x1050 fs/f2fs/data.c:370
<TASK>
bio_endio+0x5af/0x6c0 block/bio.c:1608
req_bio_endio block/blk-mq.c:761 [inline]
blk_update_request+0x5cc/0x1690 block/blk-mq.c:906
blk_mq_end_request+0x59/0x4c0 block/blk-mq.c:1023
lo_complete_rq+0x1c6/0x280 drivers/block/loop.c:370
blk_complete_reqs+0xad/0xe0 block/blk-mq.c:1101
__do_softirq+0x1d4/0x8ef kernel/softirq.c:571
run_ksoftirqd kernel/softirq.c:939 [inline]
run_ksoftirqd+0x31/0x60 kernel/softirq.c:931
smpboot_thread_fn+0x659/0x9e0 kernel/smpboot.c:164
kthread+0x33e/0x440 kernel/kthread.c:379
ret_from_fork+0x1f/0x30 arch/x86/entry/entry_64.S:308
The root cause is below race case can cause leaving dirty metadata
in f2fs after filesystem is remount as ro:
Thread A Thread B
- f2fs_ioc_resize_fs
- f2fs_readonly --- return false
- f2fs_resize_fs
- f2fs_remount
- write_checkpoint
- set f2fs as ro
- free_segment_range
- update meta_inode's data
Then, if f2fs_put_super() fails to write_checkpoint due to readonly
status, and meta_inode's dirty data will be writebacked after node_inode
is put, finally, f2fs_write_end_io will access NULL pointer on
sbi->node_inode.
Thread A IRQ context
- f2fs_put_super
- write_checkpoint fails
- iput(node_inode)
- node_inode = NULL
- iput(meta_inode)
- write_inode_now
- f2fs_write_meta_page
- f2fs_write_end_io
- NODE_MAPPING(sbi)
: access NULL pointer on node_inode
Fixes: b4b10061ef ("f2fs: refactor resize_fs to avoid meta updates in progress")
Reported-by: butt3rflyh4ck <butterflyhuangxx@gmail.com>
Closes: https://lore.kernel.org/r/1684480657-2375-1-git-send-email-yangtiezhu@loongson.cn
Tested-by: butt3rflyh4ck <butterflyhuangxx@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
All callers of generic_perform_write need to updated ki_pos, move it into
common code.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230601145904.1385409-4-hch@lst.de
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Xiubo Li <xiubli@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Damien Le Moal <dlemoal@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.de>
Acked-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Acked-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Andreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com>
Cc: Anna Schumaker <anna@kernel.org>
Cc: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Cc: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
Cc: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Cc: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Johannes Thumshirn <johannes.thumshirn@wdc.com>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Miklos Szeredi <miklos@szeredi.hu>
Cc: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>
Cc: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@hammerspace.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Patch series "cleanup the filemap / direct I/O interaction", v4.
This series cleans up some of the generic write helper calling conventions
and the page cache writeback / invalidation for direct I/O. This is a
spinoff from the no-bufferhead kernel project, for which we'll want to an
use iomap based buffered write path in the block layer.
This patch (of 12):
The last user of current->backing_dev_info disappeared in commit
b9b1335e64 ("remove bdi_congested() and wb_congested() and related
functions"). Remove the field and all assignments to it.
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230601145904.1385409-1-hch@lst.de
Link: https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20230601145904.1385409-2-hch@lst.de
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Christian Brauner <brauner@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Damien Le Moal <dlemoal@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Hannes Reinecke <hare@suse.de>
Reviewed-by: Johannes Thumshirn <johannes.thumshirn@wdc.com>
Reviewed-by: Darrick J. Wong <djwong@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Andreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com>
Cc: Anna Schumaker <anna@kernel.org>
Cc: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Cc: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Cc: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Cc: Jens Axboe <axboe@kernel.dk>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <willy@infradead.org>
Cc: Miklos Szeredi <miklos@szeredi.hu>
Cc: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>
Cc: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@hammerspace.com>
Cc: Xiubo Li <xiubli@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
If a file has FI_COMPRESS_RELEASED, all writes for it should not be
allowed.
Fixes: 5fdb322ff2 ("f2fs: add F2FS_IOC_DECOMPRESS_FILE and F2FS_IOC_COMPRESS_FILE")
Signed-off-by: Qi Han <hanqi@vivo.com>
Signed-off-by: Yangtao Li <frank.li@vivo.com>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch supports errors=remount-ro|continue|panic mount option
for f2fs.
f2fs behaves as below in three different modes:
mode continue remount-ro panic
access ops normal noraml N/A
syscall errors -EIO -EROFS N/A
mount option rw ro N/A
pending dir write keep keep N/A
pending non-dir write drop keep N/A
pending node write drop keep N/A
pending meta write keep keep N/A
By default it uses "continue" mode.
[Yangtao helps to clean up function's name]
Signed-off-by: Yangtao Li <frank.li@vivo.com>
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
It would be better to use the dedicated slab to store path.
Signed-off-by: Wu Bo <bo.wu@vivo.com>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Wire up the iopoll method to the common implementation.
As f2fs use common dio infrastructure:
commit a1e09b03e6 ("f2fs: use iomap for direct I/O")
Signed-off-by: Wu Bo <bo.wu@vivo.com>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Otherwise, if truncation on cow_inode failed, remained data may
pollute current transaction of atomic write.
Cc: Daeho Jeong <daehojeong@google.com>
Fixes: a46bebd502 ("f2fs: synchronize atomic write aborts")
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
In some cases, e.g. for zoned block devices, direct writes are
forced into buffered writes that will populate the page cache
and be written out just like buffered io.
Direct reads, on the other hand, is supported for the zoned
block device case. This has the effect that applications
built for direct io will fill up the page cache with data
that will never be read, and that is a waste of resources.
If we agree that this is a problem, how do we fix it?
A) Supporting proper direct writes for zoned block devices would
be the best, but it is currently not supported (probably for
a good but non-obvious reason). Would it be feasible to
implement proper direct IO?
B) Avoid the cost of keeping unwanted data by syncing and throwing
out the cached pages for buffered O_DIRECT writes before completion.
This patch implements B) by reusing the code for how partial
block writes are flushed out on the "normal" direct write path.
Note that this changes the performance characteristics of f2fs
quite a bit.
Direct IO performance for zoned block devices is lower for
small writes after this patch, but this should be expected
with direct IO and in line with how f2fs behaves on top of
conventional block devices.
Another open question is if the flushing should be done for
all cases where buffered writes are forced.
Signed-off-by: Hans Holmberg <hans.holmberg@wdc.com>
Reviewed-by: Yonggil Song <yonggil.song@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
It seems inappropriate that the current logic does not handle
filemap_fdatawrite() errors, so let's fix it.
Signed-off-by: Yangtao Li <frank.li@vivo.com>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
We should set the error code when dqget() failed.
Fixes: 2c1d030569 ("f2fs: support F2FS_IOC_FS{GET,SET}XATTR")
Signed-off-by: Yangtao Li <frank.li@vivo.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Let's use BIT() and GENMASK() instead of open it.
Signed-off-by: Yangtao Li <frank.li@vivo.com>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
In this round, we've got a huge number of patches that improve code readability
along with minor bug fixes, while we've mainly fixed some critical issues in
recently-added per-block age-based extent_cache, atomic write support, and some
folio cases.
Enhancement:
- add sysfs nodes to set last_age_weight and manage discard_io_aware_gran
- show ipu policy in debugfs
- reduce stack memory cost by using bitfield in struct f2fs_io_info
- introduce trace_f2fs_replace_atomic_write_block
- enhance iostat support and adds flush commands
Bug fix:
- revert "f2fs: truncate blocks in batch in __complete_revoke_list()"
- fix kernel crash on the atomic write abort flow
- call clear_page_private_reference in .{release,invalid}_folio
- support .migrate_folio for compressed inode
- fix cgroup writeback accounting with fs-layer encryption
- retry to update the inode page given data corruption
- fix kernel crash due to null io->bio
- fix some bugs in per-block age-based extent_cache:
a. wrong calculation of block age
b. update age extent in f2fs_do_zero_range()
c. update age extent correctly during truncation
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Merge tag 'f2fs-for-6.3-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs
Pull f2fs updates from Jaegeuk Kim:
"In this round, we've got a huge number of patches that improve code
readability along with minor bug fixes, while we've mainly fixed some
critical issues in recently-added per-block age-based extent_cache,
atomic write support, and some folio cases.
Enhancements:
- add sysfs nodes to set last_age_weight and manage
discard_io_aware_gran
- show ipu policy in debugfs
- reduce stack memory cost by using bitfield in struct f2fs_io_info
- introduce trace_f2fs_replace_atomic_write_block
- enhance iostat support and adds flush commands
Bug fixes:
- revert "f2fs: truncate blocks in batch in __complete_revoke_list()"
- fix kernel crash on the atomic write abort flow
- call clear_page_private_reference in .{release,invalid}_folio
- support .migrate_folio for compressed inode
- fix cgroup writeback accounting with fs-layer encryption
- retry to update the inode page given data corruption
- fix kernel crash due to NULL io->bio
- fix some bugs in per-block age-based extent_cache:
- wrong calculation of block age
- update age extent in f2fs_do_zero_range()
- update age extent correctly during truncation"
* tag 'f2fs-for-6.3-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs: (81 commits)
f2fs: drop unnecessary arg for f2fs_ioc_*()
f2fs: Revert "f2fs: truncate blocks in batch in __complete_revoke_list()"
f2fs: synchronize atomic write aborts
f2fs: fix wrong segment count
f2fs: replace si->sbi w/ sbi in stat_show()
f2fs: export ipu policy in debugfs
f2fs: make kobj_type structures constant
f2fs: fix to do sanity check on extent cache correctly
f2fs: add missing description for ipu_policy node
f2fs: fix to set ipu policy
f2fs: fix typos in comments
f2fs: fix kernel crash due to null io->bio
f2fs: use iostat_lat_type directly as a parameter in the iostat_update_and_unbind_ctx()
f2fs: add sysfs nodes to set last_age_weight
f2fs: fix f2fs_show_options to show nogc_merge mount option
f2fs: fix cgroup writeback accounting with fs-layer encryption
f2fs: fix wrong calculation of block age
f2fs: fix to update age extent in f2fs_do_zero_range()
f2fs: fix to update age extent correctly during truncation
f2fs: fix to avoid potential memory corruption in __update_iostat_latency()
...
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Merge tag 'fs.idmapped.v6.3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/idmapping
Pull vfs idmapping updates from Christian Brauner:
- Last cycle we introduced the dedicated struct mnt_idmap type for
mount idmapping and the required infrastucture in 256c8aed2b ("fs:
introduce dedicated idmap type for mounts"). As promised in last
cycle's pull request message this converts everything to rely on
struct mnt_idmap.
Currently we still pass around the plain namespace that was attached
to a mount. This is in general pretty convenient but it makes it easy
to conflate namespaces that are relevant on the filesystem with
namespaces that are relevant on the mount level. Especially for
non-vfs developers without detailed knowledge in this area this was a
potential source for bugs.
This finishes the conversion. Instead of passing the plain namespace
around this updates all places that currently take a pointer to a
mnt_userns with a pointer to struct mnt_idmap.
Now that the conversion is done all helpers down to the really
low-level helpers only accept a struct mnt_idmap argument instead of
two namespace arguments.
Conflating mount and other idmappings will now cause the compiler to
complain loudly thus eliminating the possibility of any bugs. This
makes it impossible for filesystem developers to mix up mount and
filesystem idmappings as they are two distinct types and require
distinct helpers that cannot be used interchangeably.
Everything associated with struct mnt_idmap is moved into a single
separate file. With that change no code can poke around in struct
mnt_idmap. It can only be interacted with through dedicated helpers.
That means all filesystems are and all of the vfs is completely
oblivious to the actual implementation of idmappings.
We are now also able to extend struct mnt_idmap as we see fit. For
example, we can decouple it completely from namespaces for users that
don't require or don't want to use them at all. We can also extend
the concept of idmappings so we can cover filesystem specific
requirements.
In combination with the vfs{g,u}id_t work we finished in v6.2 this
makes this feature substantially more robust and thus difficult to
implement wrong by a given filesystem and also protects the vfs.
- Enable idmapped mounts for tmpfs and fulfill a longstanding request.
A long-standing request from users had been to make it possible to
create idmapped mounts for tmpfs. For example, to share the host's
tmpfs mount between multiple sandboxes. This is a prerequisite for
some advanced Kubernetes cases. Systemd also has a range of use-cases
to increase service isolation. And there are more users of this.
However, with all of the other work going on this was way down on the
priority list but luckily someone other than ourselves picked this
up.
As usual the patch is tiny as all the infrastructure work had been
done multiple kernel releases ago. In addition to all the tests that
we already have I requested that Rodrigo add a dedicated tmpfs
testsuite for idmapped mounts to xfstests. It is to be included into
xfstests during the v6.3 development cycle. This should add a slew of
additional tests.
* tag 'fs.idmapped.v6.3' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/vfs/idmapping: (26 commits)
shmem: support idmapped mounts for tmpfs
fs: move mnt_idmap
fs: port vfs{g,u}id helpers to mnt_idmap
fs: port fs{g,u}id helpers to mnt_idmap
fs: port i_{g,u}id_into_vfs{g,u}id() to mnt_idmap
fs: port i_{g,u}id_{needs_}update() to mnt_idmap
quota: port to mnt_idmap
fs: port privilege checking helpers to mnt_idmap
fs: port inode_owner_or_capable() to mnt_idmap
fs: port inode_init_owner() to mnt_idmap
fs: port acl to mnt_idmap
fs: port xattr to mnt_idmap
fs: port ->permission() to pass mnt_idmap
fs: port ->fileattr_set() to pass mnt_idmap
fs: port ->set_acl() to pass mnt_idmap
fs: port ->get_acl() to pass mnt_idmap
fs: port ->tmpfile() to pass mnt_idmap
fs: port ->rename() to pass mnt_idmap
fs: port ->mknod() to pass mnt_idmap
fs: port ->mkdir() to pass mnt_idmap
...
They are not used, let's remove them.
Signed-off-by: Yangtao Li <frank.li@vivo.com>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
To fix a race condition between atomic write aborts, I use the inode
lock and make COW inode to be re-usable thoroughout the whole
atomic file inode lifetime.
Reported-by: syzbot+823000d23b3400619f7c@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Fixes: 3db1de0e58 ("f2fs: change the current atomic write way")
Signed-off-by: Daeho Jeong <daehojeong@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch is to fix typos in f2fs files.
Signed-off-by: Jinyoung Choi <j-young.choi@samsung.com>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
We should update age extent in f2fs_do_zero_range() like we
did in f2fs_truncate_data_blocks_range().
Fixes: 71644dff48 ("f2fs: add block_age-based extent cache")
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
nr_free may be less than len, we should update age extent cache
w/ range [fofs, len] rather than [fofs, nr_free].
Fixes: 71644dff48 ("f2fs: add block_age-based extent cache")
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Factor the logic to log a path for reads and writs into a helper
shared between the read_iter and write_iter methods.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Commit 7a10f0177e ("f2fs: don't give partially written atomic data
from process crash") attempted to drop atomic write data after process
crash, however, f2fs_abort_atomic_write() may be called from noncrash
case, fix it by adding missed PF_EXITING check condition
f2fs_file_flush().
- application crashs
- do_exit
- exit_signals -- sets PF_EXITING
- exit_files
- put_files_struct
- close_files
- filp_close
- flush (f2fs_file_flush)
- check atomic_write_task && PF_EXITING
- f2fs_abort_atomic_write
Fixes: 7a10f0177e ("f2fs: don't give partially written atomic data from process crash")
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Files created by truncate have a size but no blocks, so
they can be allowed to set compression option.
Fixes: e1e8debec6 ("f2fs: add F2FS_IOC_SET_COMPRESS_OPTION ioctl")
Signed-off-by: Yangtao Li <frank.li@vivo.com>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Convert to struct mnt_idmap.
Remove legacy file_mnt_user_ns() and mnt_user_ns().
Last cycle we merged the necessary infrastructure in
256c8aed2b ("fs: introduce dedicated idmap type for mounts").
This is just the conversion to struct mnt_idmap.
Currently we still pass around the plain namespace that was attached to a
mount. This is in general pretty convenient but it makes it easy to
conflate namespaces that are relevant on the filesystem with namespaces
that are relevent on the mount level. Especially for non-vfs developers
without detailed knowledge in this area this can be a potential source for
bugs.
Once the conversion to struct mnt_idmap is done all helpers down to the
really low-level helpers will take a struct mnt_idmap argument instead of
two namespace arguments. This way it becomes impossible to conflate the two
eliminating the possibility of any bugs. All of the vfs and all filesystems
only operate on struct mnt_idmap.
Acked-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Microsoft) <brauner@kernel.org>
Convert to struct mnt_idmap.
Last cycle we merged the necessary infrastructure in
256c8aed2b ("fs: introduce dedicated idmap type for mounts").
This is just the conversion to struct mnt_idmap.
Currently we still pass around the plain namespace that was attached to a
mount. This is in general pretty convenient but it makes it easy to
conflate namespaces that are relevant on the filesystem with namespaces
that are relevent on the mount level. Especially for non-vfs developers
without detailed knowledge in this area this can be a potential source for
bugs.
Once the conversion to struct mnt_idmap is done all helpers down to the
really low-level helpers will take a struct mnt_idmap argument instead of
two namespace arguments. This way it becomes impossible to conflate the two
eliminating the possibility of any bugs. All of the vfs and all filesystems
only operate on struct mnt_idmap.
Acked-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Microsoft) <brauner@kernel.org>
Convert to struct mnt_idmap.
Last cycle we merged the necessary infrastructure in
256c8aed2b ("fs: introduce dedicated idmap type for mounts").
This is just the conversion to struct mnt_idmap.
Currently we still pass around the plain namespace that was attached to a
mount. This is in general pretty convenient but it makes it easy to
conflate namespaces that are relevant on the filesystem with namespaces
that are relevent on the mount level. Especially for non-vfs developers
without detailed knowledge in this area this can be a potential source for
bugs.
Once the conversion to struct mnt_idmap is done all helpers down to the
really low-level helpers will take a struct mnt_idmap argument instead of
two namespace arguments. This way it becomes impossible to conflate the two
eliminating the possibility of any bugs. All of the vfs and all filesystems
only operate on struct mnt_idmap.
Acked-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Microsoft) <brauner@kernel.org>
Convert to struct mnt_idmap.
Last cycle we merged the necessary infrastructure in
256c8aed2b ("fs: introduce dedicated idmap type for mounts").
This is just the conversion to struct mnt_idmap.
Currently we still pass around the plain namespace that was attached to a
mount. This is in general pretty convenient but it makes it easy to
conflate namespaces that are relevant on the filesystem with namespaces
that are relevent on the mount level. Especially for non-vfs developers
without detailed knowledge in this area this can be a potential source for
bugs.
Once the conversion to struct mnt_idmap is done all helpers down to the
really low-level helpers will take a struct mnt_idmap argument instead of
two namespace arguments. This way it becomes impossible to conflate the two
eliminating the possibility of any bugs. All of the vfs and all filesystems
only operate on struct mnt_idmap.
Acked-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Microsoft) <brauner@kernel.org>
Convert to struct mnt_idmap.
Last cycle we merged the necessary infrastructure in
256c8aed2b ("fs: introduce dedicated idmap type for mounts").
This is just the conversion to struct mnt_idmap.
Currently we still pass around the plain namespace that was attached to a
mount. This is in general pretty convenient but it makes it easy to
conflate namespaces that are relevant on the filesystem with namespaces
that are relevent on the mount level. Especially for non-vfs developers
without detailed knowledge in this area this can be a potential source for
bugs.
Once the conversion to struct mnt_idmap is done all helpers down to the
really low-level helpers will take a struct mnt_idmap argument instead of
two namespace arguments. This way it becomes impossible to conflate the two
eliminating the possibility of any bugs. All of the vfs and all filesystems
only operate on struct mnt_idmap.
Acked-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Microsoft) <brauner@kernel.org>
Convert to struct mnt_idmap.
Last cycle we merged the necessary infrastructure in
256c8aed2b ("fs: introduce dedicated idmap type for mounts").
This is just the conversion to struct mnt_idmap.
Currently we still pass around the plain namespace that was attached to a
mount. This is in general pretty convenient but it makes it easy to
conflate namespaces that are relevant on the filesystem with namespaces
that are relevent on the mount level. Especially for non-vfs developers
without detailed knowledge in this area this can be a potential source for
bugs.
Once the conversion to struct mnt_idmap is done all helpers down to the
really low-level helpers will take a struct mnt_idmap argument instead of
two namespace arguments. This way it becomes impossible to conflate the two
eliminating the possibility of any bugs. All of the vfs and all filesystems
only operate on struct mnt_idmap.
Acked-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Microsoft) <brauner@kernel.org>
Convert to struct mnt_idmap.
Last cycle we merged the necessary infrastructure in
256c8aed2b ("fs: introduce dedicated idmap type for mounts").
This is just the conversion to struct mnt_idmap.
Currently we still pass around the plain namespace that was attached to a
mount. This is in general pretty convenient but it makes it easy to
conflate namespaces that are relevant on the filesystem with namespaces
that are relevent on the mount level. Especially for non-vfs developers
without detailed knowledge in this area this can be a potential source for
bugs.
Once the conversion to struct mnt_idmap is done all helpers down to the
really low-level helpers will take a struct mnt_idmap argument instead of
two namespace arguments. This way it becomes impossible to conflate the two
eliminating the possibility of any bugs. All of the vfs and all filesystems
only operate on struct mnt_idmap.
Acked-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Microsoft) <brauner@kernel.org>
Convert to struct mnt_idmap.
Last cycle we merged the necessary infrastructure in
256c8aed2b ("fs: introduce dedicated idmap type for mounts").
This is just the conversion to struct mnt_idmap.
Currently we still pass around the plain namespace that was attached to a
mount. This is in general pretty convenient but it makes it easy to
conflate namespaces that are relevant on the filesystem with namespaces
that are relevent on the mount level. Especially for non-vfs developers
without detailed knowledge in this area this can be a potential source for
bugs.
Once the conversion to struct mnt_idmap is done all helpers down to the
really low-level helpers will take a struct mnt_idmap argument instead of
two namespace arguments. This way it becomes impossible to conflate the two
eliminating the possibility of any bugs. All of the vfs and all filesystems
only operate on struct mnt_idmap.
Acked-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Microsoft) <brauner@kernel.org>
Convert to struct mnt_idmap.
Last cycle we merged the necessary infrastructure in
256c8aed2b ("fs: introduce dedicated idmap type for mounts").
This is just the conversion to struct mnt_idmap.
Currently we still pass around the plain namespace that was attached to a
mount. This is in general pretty convenient but it makes it easy to
conflate namespaces that are relevant on the filesystem with namespaces
that are relevent on the mount level. Especially for non-vfs developers
without detailed knowledge in this area this can be a potential source for
bugs.
Once the conversion to struct mnt_idmap is done all helpers down to the
really low-level helpers will take a struct mnt_idmap argument instead of
two namespace arguments. This way it becomes impossible to conflate the two
eliminating the possibility of any bugs. All of the vfs and all filesystems
only operate on struct mnt_idmap.
Acked-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Microsoft) <brauner@kernel.org>
Convert to struct mnt_idmap.
Last cycle we merged the necessary infrastructure in
256c8aed2b ("fs: introduce dedicated idmap type for mounts").
This is just the conversion to struct mnt_idmap.
Currently we still pass around the plain namespace that was attached to a
mount. This is in general pretty convenient but it makes it easy to
conflate namespaces that are relevant on the filesystem with namespaces
that are relevent on the mount level. Especially for non-vfs developers
without detailed knowledge in this area this can be a potential source for
bugs.
Once the conversion to struct mnt_idmap is done all helpers down to the
really low-level helpers will take a struct mnt_idmap argument instead of
two namespace arguments. This way it becomes impossible to conflate the two
eliminating the possibility of any bugs. All of the vfs and all filesystems
only operate on struct mnt_idmap.
Acked-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Christian Brauner (Microsoft) <brauner@kernel.org>
There is no need to additionally use f2fs_show_injection_info()
to output information. Concatenate time_to_inject() and
__time_to_inject() via a macro. In the new __time_to_inject()
function, pass in the caller function name and parent function.
In this way, we no longer need the f2fs_show_injection_info() function,
and let's remove it.
Suggested-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Yangtao Li <frank.li@vivo.com>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
For example, f2fs_collapse_range(), f2fs_collapse_range(),
f2fs_insert_range(), the functions used in f2fs_fallocate()
are all prefixed with f2fs_, so let's keep the name consistent.
Signed-off-by: Yangtao Li <frank.li@vivo.com>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
There is a potential deadlock reported by syzbot as below:
F2FS-fs (loop2): invalid crc value
F2FS-fs (loop2): Found nat_bits in checkpoint
F2FS-fs (loop2): Mounted with checkpoint version = 48b305e4
======================================================
WARNING: possible circular locking dependency detected
6.1.0-rc8-syzkaller-33330-ga5541c0811a0 #0 Not tainted
------------------------------------------------------
syz-executor.2/32123 is trying to acquire lock:
ffff0000c0e1a608 (&mm->mmap_lock){++++}-{3:3}, at: __might_fault+0x54/0xb4 mm/memory.c:5644
but task is already holding lock:
ffff0001317c6088 (&sbi->sb_lock){++++}-{3:3}, at: f2fs_down_write fs/f2fs/f2fs.h:2205 [inline]
ffff0001317c6088 (&sbi->sb_lock){++++}-{3:3}, at: f2fs_ioc_get_encryption_pwsalt fs/f2fs/file.c:2334 [inline]
ffff0001317c6088 (&sbi->sb_lock){++++}-{3:3}, at: __f2fs_ioctl+0x1370/0x3318 fs/f2fs/file.c:4151
which lock already depends on the new lock.
Chain exists of:
&mm->mmap_lock --> &nm_i->nat_tree_lock --> &sbi->sb_lock
Possible unsafe locking scenario:
CPU0 CPU1
---- ----
lock(&sbi->sb_lock);
lock(&nm_i->nat_tree_lock);
lock(&sbi->sb_lock);
lock(&mm->mmap_lock);
Let's try to avoid above deadlock condition by moving __might_fault()
out of sbi->sb_lock coverage.
Fixes: 95fa90c9e5 ("f2fs: support recording errors into superblock")
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/linux-f2fs-devel/000000000000cd5fe305ef617fe2@google.com/T/#u
Reported-by: syzbot+4793f6096d174c90b4f7@syzkaller.appspotmail.com
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
The create argument is always identicaly to map->m_may_create, so use
that consistently.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This allows to keep the f2fs_do_map_lock based locking scheme
private to data.c.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
In expand_inode_data(), the 'new_size' local variable is initialized to
the result of i_size_read(), however this value isn't ever used, so we
can drop this initializer...
Found by Linux Verification Center (linuxtesting.org) with the SVACE static
analysis tool.
Signed-off-by: Sergey Shtylyov <s.shtylyov@omp.ru>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <chao@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Linus Torvalds