When we press ctrl-alt-del,kernel_restart_prepare will invoke
cfi_intelext_reboot which will set flash to read array mode, but later
when device_shutdown is invoked which may put current work queue to
sleep and other process may be scheduled to running and programming
flash in not FL_READY mode again. So we can't boot up if this flash is
used for bootloader.
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
When building NOR flash support, you have compile-time options for the
bus width and the number of individual chips which are interleaved
together onto that bus. The code to deal with arbitrary geometry is a
bit convoluted, and people want to just configure it for the specific
hardware they have, to avoid the runtime overhead.
Selecting _none_ of the available options doesn't make any sense. You
should have at least one. This makes it build though, since people
persist in trying.
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
This patch adds the manufacturer ID for AMD flash.
Signed-off-by: Steven J. Hill <sjhill1@rockwellcollins.com>
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
The 2X Program is an extension of Program Operation.
Since the device is equipped with two DataRAMs, and two-plane NAND Flash
memory array, these two component enables simultaneous program of 4KiB.
Plane1 has only even blocks such as block0, block2, block4 while Plane2
has only odd blocks such as block1, block3, block5.
So MTD regards it as 4KiB page size and 256KiB block size
Now the following chips support it. (KFXXX16Q2M)
Demux: KFG2G16Q2M, KFH4G16Q2M, KFW8G16Q2M,
Mux: KFM2G16Q2M, KFN4G16Q2M,
And more recent chips
Signed-off-by: Kyungmin Park <kyungmin.park@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Generalise the handling of MTD-specific superblocks so that JFFS2 and ROMFS
can both share it.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Delete the allegedly obsolete "bank_size" member of struct mtd_info.
Signed-off-by: Robert P. J. Day <rpjday@mindspring.com>
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Since the header file include/linux/mtd/mtd.h is not exported to user
space, remove the user space check and error.
Signed-off-by: Robert P. J. Day <rpjday@mindspring.com>
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
This patch extends nand.h in order to enable platform NAND driver.
Signed-off-by: Vitaly Wool <vitalywool@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
UBI (Latin: "where?") manages multiple logical volumes on a single
flash device, specifically supporting NAND flash devices. UBI provides
a flexible partitioning concept which still allows for wear-levelling
across the whole flash device.
In a sense, UBI may be compared to the Logical Volume Manager
(LVM). Whereas LVM maps logical sector numbers to physical HDD sector
numbers, UBI maps logical eraseblocks to physical eraseblocks.
More information may be found at
http://www.linux-mtd.infradead.org/doc/ubi.html
Partitioning/Re-partitioning
An UBI volume occupies a certain number of erase blocks. This is
limited by a configured maximum volume size, which could also be
viewed as the partition size. Each individual UBI volume's size can
be changed independently of the other UBI volumes, provided that the
sum of all volume sizes doesn't exceed a certain limit.
UBI supports dynamic volumes and static volumes. Static volumes are
read-only and their contents are protected by CRC check sums.
Bad eraseblocks handling
UBI transparently handles bad eraseblocks. When a physical
eraseblock becomes bad, it is substituted by a good physical
eraseblock, and the user does not even notice this.
Scrubbing
On a NAND flash bit flips can occur on any write operation,
sometimes also on read. If bit flips persist on the device, at first
they can still be corrected by ECC, but once they accumulate,
correction will become impossible. Thus it is best to actively scrub
the affected eraseblock, by first copying it to a free eraseblock
and then erasing the original. The UBI layer performs this type of
scrubbing under the covers, transparently to the UBI volume users.
Erase Counts
UBI maintains an erase count header per eraseblock. This frees
higher-level layers (like file systems) from doing this and allows
for centralized erase count management instead. The erase counts are
used by the wear-levelling algorithm in the UBI layer. The algorithm
itself is exchangeable.
Booting from NAND
For booting directly from NAND flash the hardware must at least be
capable of fetching and executing a small portion of the NAND
flash. Some NAND flash controllers have this kind of support. They
usually limit the window to a few kilobytes in erase block 0. This
"initial program loader" (IPL) must then contain sufficient logic to
load and execute the next boot phase.
Due to bad eraseblocks, which may be randomly scattered over the
flash device, it is problematic to store the "secondary program
loader" (SPL) statically. Also, due to bit-flips it may become
corrupted over time. UBI allows to solve this problem gracefully by
storing the SPL in a small static UBI volume.
UBI volumes vs. static partitions
UBI volumes are still very similar to static MTD partitions:
* both consist of eraseblocks (logical eraseblocks in case of UBI
volumes, and physical eraseblocks in case of static partitions;
* both support three basic operations - read, write, erase.
But UBI volumes have the following advantages over traditional
static MTD partitions:
* there are no eraseblock wear-leveling constraints in case of UBI
volumes, so the user should not care about this;
* there are no bit-flips and bad eraseblocks in case of UBI volumes.
So, UBI volumes may be considered as flash devices with relaxed
restrictions.
Where can it be found?
Documentation, kernel code and applications can be found in the MTD
gits.
What are the applications for?
The applications help to create binary flash images for two purposes: pfi
files (partial flash images) for in-system update of UBI volumes, and plain
binary images, with or without OOB data in case of NAND, for a manufacturing
step. Furthermore some tools are/and will be created that allow flash content
analysis after a system has crashed..
Who did UBI?
The original ideas, where UBI is based on, were developed by Andreas
Arnez, Frank Haverkamp and Thomas Gleixner. Josh W. Boyer and some others
were involved too. The implementation of the kernel layer was done by Artem
B. Bityutskiy. The user-space applications and tools were written by Oliver
Lohmann with contributions from Frank Haverkamp, Andreas Arnez, and Artem.
Joern Engel contributed a patch which modifies JFFS2 so that it can be run on
a UBI volume. Thomas Gleixner did modifications to the NAND layer. Alexander
Schmidt made some testing work as well as core functionality improvements.
Signed-off-by: Artem B. Bityutskiy <dedekind@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Frank Haverkamp <haver@vnet.ibm.com>
Auto unlock sectors on resume for auto locking flash on power up.
Signed-off-by: Rodolfo Giometti <giometti@enneenne.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Delete the unreferenced header file include/linux/mtd/iflash.h.
Signed-off-by: Robert P. J. Day <rpjday@mindspring.com>
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Classify the page data and oob buffer
and it prevents the memory fragementation (writesize + oobsize)
Signed-off-by: Kyungmin Park <kyungmin.park@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
During the MTD rework the oobavail parameter of mtd_info structure has become
private. This is not quite correct in terms of integrity and logic. If we have
means to write to OOB area, then we'd like to know upfront how many bytes out
of OOB are spare per page to be able to adapt to specific cases.
The patch inlined adds the public oobavail parameter.
Signed-off-by: Vitaly Wool <vwool@ru.mvista.com>
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Add more comment to OOB I/O interface. Read/write are not
symmetric which is confusing and should be documented.
Signed-off-by: Artem Bityutskiy <Artem.Bityutskiy@nokia.com>
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Remove unused and broken mtd->ecctype and mtd->eccsize fields
from struct mtd_info. Do not remove them from userspace API
data structures (don't want to breake userspace) but mark them
as obsolete by a comment. Any userspace program which uses them
should be half-broken anyway, so this is more about saving
data structure size.
Signed-off-by: Artem Bityutskiy <Artem.Bityutskiy@nokia.com>
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Remove ugly and weird MTD_PROGREGION_CTRLMODE_VALID() and
MTD_PROGREGION_CTRLMODE_INVALID() macros. There is only one
user of them and they are used locally just for printing.
Anyway, this patch is a preparation for removing mtd->ecctype
and mtd->eccsize, but these macros use them. Fix this.
Signed-off-by: Artem Bityutskiy <Artem.Bityutskiy@nokia.com>
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
This patch adds support for 64 bit resources enabled via the
CONFIG_RESOURCES_64BIT option. Now a 64 bit can be passed to the
physmap driver.
Signed-off-by: Stefan Roese <sr@denx.de>
Signed-off-by: Lennert Buytenhek <buytenh@wantstofly.org>
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Replace the inclusion of linux/mtd/map.h with a forward-declaration
of struct map_info. This allows linux/mtd/physmap.h to be included by
e.g. board code even if the MTD subsystem is disabled.
Signed-off-by: Haavard Skinnemoen <hskinnemoen@atmel.com>
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Fixes kernel-doc warning in mtd/nand.h.
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Provide the bad block scan with its own read function so that important error
messages that are not from the the bad block scan, can always be printed.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Hunter <ext-adrian.hunter@nokia.com>
Signed-off-by: Kyungmin Park <kyungmin.park@samsung.com>
It use blockpage instead of a pair (block, page). It can also cover a small chunk access. 0x00, 0x20, 0x40 and so on.
And in JFFS2 behavior, sometimes it reads two pages alternatively.
e.g., It first reads A page, B page and A page.
So we check another bufferram to find requested page.
Signed-off-by: Kyungmin Park <kyungmin.park@samsung.com>
This patch adds get_device() and put_device() methods to the MTD description
structure (struct mtd_info). These methods are called by MTD whenever the MTD
device is get or put. They are needed when the underlying driver is something
smarter then just flash chip driver, for example UBI.
Signed-off-by: Artem Bityutskiy <dedekind@infradead.org>
This patch adds one more function to the MTD interface to make it possible to
open MTD devices by their names, not only numbers. This is very handy in many
situations. Also, MTD device number depend on load order and may vary, while
names are fixed.
Signed-off-by: Artem Bityutskiy <dedekind@infradead.org>
As was discussed between Ricard Wanderlöf, David Woodhouse, Artem
Bityutskiy and me, the current API for reading/writing OOB is confusing.
The thing that introduces confusion is the need to specify ops.len
together with ops.ooblen for reads/writes that concern only OOB not data
area. So, ops.len is overloaded: when ops.datbuf != NULL it serves to
specify the length of the data read, and when ops.datbuf == NULL, it
serves to specify the full OOB read length.
The patch inlined below is the slightly updated version of the previous
patch serving the same purpose, but with the new Artem's comments taken
into account.
Artem, BTW, thanks a lot for your valuable input!
Signed-off-by: Vitaly Wool <vwool@ru.mvista.com>
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Currently, mtd_blkdevs enforces a block size of 512, even if the drivers
can seemingly request a different size. This patch fixes mtd_blkdevs so
block sizes other than 512 work correctly.
Signed-off-by: Richard Purdie <rpurdie@openedhand.com>
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
We can use the two methods to wait.
1. polling: read interrupt status register
2. interrupt: use kernel ineterrupt mechanism
To use interrupt method, you first connect onenand interrupt pin to your
platform and configure interrupt properly
Signed-off-by: Kyungmin Park <kyungmin.park at samsung.com>
Fix the last current kernel-doc warning:
Warning(/var/linsrc/linux-2619-rc3g5//include/linux/mtd/nand.h:416): No description found for parameter 'write_page'
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
Cc: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Ditch the separate oobrbuf and oobwbuf fields from the chip buffers,
and use only a single buffer immediately after the data. This accommodates
NAND controllers such as the OLPC CAFÉ chip, which can't do scatter/gather
DMA so needs the OOB buffer to be contiguous with the data, for both read
and write.
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Many files include the filename at the beginning, serveral used a wrong one.
Signed-off-by: Uwe Zeisberger <Uwe_Zeisberger@digi.com>
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
OneNAND lock scheme depends on density and process of chip.
Some OneNAND chips support all block unlock
Signed-off-by: Kyungmin Park <kyungmin.park@samsung.com>
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
- allow high-level nand_write_page() function to be overridden
- likewise low-level write_page_raw() and read_page_raw() functions
- Clean up the abuse of chip->ecc.{write,read}_page() with MTD_OOB_RAW
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw2@infradead.org>
Atmel flash chips don't have PRI information in the same format as
AMD flash chips. This patch installs a fixup for all Atmel chips that
converts the relevant PRI fields into AMD format.
Only the fields that are actually used by the command set is actually
converted. The rest are initialized to zero (which should be safe)
Signed-off-by: Haavard Skinnemoen <hskinnemoen@atmel.com>
Signed-off-by: Josh Boyer <jwboyer@gmail.com>
Kevin Hao