algorithms. Yes, Speck is contrversial, but the intention is to use
them only for the lowest end Android devices, where the alternative
*really* is no encryption at all for data stored at rest.
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Merge tag 'fscrypt_for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/fscrypt
Pull fscrypt updates from Ted Ts'o:
"Add bunch of cleanups, and add support for the Speck128/256
algorithms.
Yes, Speck is contrversial, but the intention is to use them only for
the lowest end Android devices, where the alternative *really* is no
encryption at all for data stored at rest"
* tag 'fscrypt_for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/fscrypt:
fscrypt: log the crypto algorithm implementations
fscrypt: add Speck128/256 support
fscrypt: only derive the needed portion of the key
fscrypt: separate key lookup from key derivation
fscrypt: use a common logging function
fscrypt: remove internal key size constants
fscrypt: remove unnecessary check for non-logon key type
fscrypt: make fscrypt_operations.max_namelen an integer
fscrypt: drop empty name check from fname_decrypt()
fscrypt: drop max_namelen check from fname_decrypt()
fscrypt: don't special-case EOPNOTSUPP from fscrypt_get_encryption_info()
fscrypt: don't clear flags on crypto transform
fscrypt: remove stale comment from fscrypt_d_revalidate()
fscrypt: remove error messages for skcipher_request_alloc() failure
fscrypt: remove unnecessary NULL check when allocating skcipher
fscrypt: clean up after fscrypt_prepare_lookup() conversions
fs, fscrypt: only define ->s_cop when FS_ENCRYPTION is enabled
fscrypt: use unbound workqueue for decryption
No need for any more ncpfs documentation around given that the
filesystem is now removed.
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Pull aio updates from Al Viro:
"Majority of AIO stuff this cycle. aio-fsync and aio-poll, mostly.
The only thing I'm holding back for a day or so is Adam's aio ioprio -
his last-minute fixup is trivial (missing stub in !CONFIG_BLOCK case),
but let it sit in -next for decency sake..."
* 'work.aio-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs: (46 commits)
aio: sanitize the limit checking in io_submit(2)
aio: fold do_io_submit() into callers
aio: shift copyin of iocb into io_submit_one()
aio_read_events_ring(): make a bit more readable
aio: all callers of aio_{read,write,fsync,poll} treat 0 and -EIOCBQUEUED the same way
aio: take list removal to (some) callers of aio_complete()
aio: add missing break for the IOCB_CMD_FDSYNC case
random: convert to ->poll_mask
timerfd: convert to ->poll_mask
eventfd: switch to ->poll_mask
pipe: convert to ->poll_mask
crypto: af_alg: convert to ->poll_mask
net/rxrpc: convert to ->poll_mask
net/iucv: convert to ->poll_mask
net/phonet: convert to ->poll_mask
net/nfc: convert to ->poll_mask
net/caif: convert to ->poll_mask
net/bluetooth: convert to ->poll_mask
net/sctp: convert to ->poll_mask
net/tipc: convert to ->poll_mask
...
including:
- Extensive RST conversions and organizational work in the
memory-management docs thanks to Mike Rapoport.
- An update of Documentation/features from Andrea Parri and a script to
keep it updated.
- Various LICENSES updates from Thomas, along with a script to check SPDX
tags.
- Work to fix dangling references to documentation files; this involved a
fair number of one-liner comment changes outside of Documentation/
...and the usual list of documentation improvements, typo fixes, etc.
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Merge tag 'docs-4.18' of git://git.lwn.net/linux
Pull documentation updates from Jonathan Corbet:
"There's been a fair amount of work in the docs tree this time around,
including:
- Extensive RST conversions and organizational work in the
memory-management docs thanks to Mike Rapoport.
- An update of Documentation/features from Andrea Parri and a script
to keep it updated.
- Various LICENSES updates from Thomas, along with a script to check
SPDX tags.
- Work to fix dangling references to documentation files; this
involved a fair number of one-liner comment changes outside of
Documentation/
... and the usual list of documentation improvements, typo fixes, etc"
* tag 'docs-4.18' of git://git.lwn.net/linux: (103 commits)
Documentation: document hung_task_panic kernel parameter
docs/admin-guide/mm: add high level concepts overview
docs/vm: move ksm and transhuge from "user" to "internals" section.
docs: Use the kerneldoc comments for memalloc_no*()
doc: document scope NOFS, NOIO APIs
docs: update kernel versions and dates in tables
docs/vm: transhuge: split userspace bits to admin-guide/mm/transhuge
docs/vm: transhuge: minor updates
docs/vm: transhuge: change sections order
Documentation: arm: clean up Marvell Berlin family info
Documentation: gpio: driver: Fix a typo and some odd grammar
docs: ranoops.rst: fix location of ramoops.txt
scripts/documentation-file-ref-check: rewrite it in perl with auto-fix mode
docs: uio-howto.rst: use a code block to solve a warning
mm, THP, doc: Add document for thp_swpout/thp_swpout_fallback
w1: w1_io.c: fix a kernel-doc warning
Documentation/process/posting: wrap text at 80 cols
docs: admin-guide: add cgroup-v2 documentation
Revert "Documentation/features/vm: Remove arch support status file for 'pte_special'"
Documentation: refcount-vs-atomic: Update reference to LKMM doc.
...
Based on code, default value of rsize/wsize is 16 MB.
Signed-off-by: Chengguang Xu <cgxu519@gmx.com>
Reviewed-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
David's tree is no longer maintained, so point to my maintained fork.
Add --verify flag to the run example, which enables all latest features
and provides test coverage for constant st_ino/st_dev.
Signed-off-by: Amir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Acked-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>
For non-atomic files, this patch adds an option to give nobarrier which
doesn't issue flush commands to the device.
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Documentation/filesystems/Locking no longer reflects current locking
semantics. i_mutex is no longer used for locking, and has been superseded
by i_rwsem. Additionally, ->iterate_shared() was not documented.
Signed-off-by: Sean Anderson <seanga2@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
->get_poll_head returns the waitqueue that the poll operation is going
to sleep on. Note that this means we can only use a single waitqueue
for the poll, unlike some current drivers that use two waitqueues for
different events. But now that we have keyed wakeups and heavily use
those for poll there aren't that many good reason left to keep the
multiple waitqueues, and if there are any ->poll is still around, the
driver just won't support aio poll.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Darrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Darrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Reviewed-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
fscrypt currently only supports AES encryption. However, many low-end
mobile devices have older CPUs that don't have AES instructions, e.g.
the ARMv8 Cryptography Extensions. Currently, user data on such devices
is not encrypted at rest because AES is too slow, even when the NEON
bit-sliced implementation of AES is used. Unfortunately, it is
infeasible to encrypt these devices at all when AES is the only option.
Therefore, this patch updates fscrypt to support the Speck block cipher,
which was recently added to the crypto API. The C implementation of
Speck is not especially fast, but Speck can be implemented very
efficiently with general-purpose vector instructions, e.g. ARM NEON.
For example, on an ARMv7 processor, we measured the NEON-accelerated
Speck128/256-XTS at 69 MB/s for both encryption and decryption, while
AES-256-XTS with the NEON bit-sliced implementation was only 22 MB/s
encryption and 19 MB/s decryption.
There are multiple variants of Speck. This patch only adds support for
Speck128/256, which is the variant with a 128-bit block size and 256-bit
key size -- the same as AES-256. This is believed to be the most secure
variant of Speck, and it's only about 6% slower than Speck128/128.
Speck64/128 would be at least 20% faster because it has 20% rounds, and
it can be even faster on CPUs that can't efficiently do the 64-bit
operations needed for Speck128. However, Speck64's 64-bit block size is
not preferred security-wise. ARM NEON also supports the needed 64-bit
operations even on 32-bit CPUs, resulting in Speck128 being fast enough
for our targeted use cases so far.
The chosen modes of operation are XTS for contents and CTS-CBC for
filenames. These are the same modes of operation that fscrypt defaults
to for AES. Note that as with the other fscrypt modes, Speck will not
be used unless userspace chooses to use it. Nor are any of the existing
modes (which are all AES-based) being removed, of course.
We intentionally don't make CONFIG_FS_ENCRYPTION select
CONFIG_CRYPTO_SPECK, so people will have to enable Speck support
themselves if they need it. This is because we shouldn't bloat the
FS_ENCRYPTION dependencies with every new cipher, especially ones that
aren't recommended for most users. Moreover, CRYPTO_SPECK is just the
generic implementation, which won't be fast enough for many users; in
practice, they'll need to enable CRYPTO_SPECK_NEON to get acceptable
performance.
More details about our choice of Speck can be found in our patches that
added Speck to the crypto API, and the follow-on discussion threads.
We're planning a publication that explains the choice in more detail.
But briefly, we can't use ChaCha20 as we previously proposed, since it
would be insecure to use a stream cipher in this context, with potential
IV reuse during writes on f2fs and/or on wear-leveling flash storage.
We also evaluated many other lightweight and/or ARX-based block ciphers
such as Chaskey-LTS, RC5, LEA, CHAM, Threefish, RC6, NOEKEON, SPARX, and
XTEA. However, all had disadvantages vs. Speck, such as insufficient
performance with NEON, much less published cryptanalysis, or an
insufficient security level. Various design choices in Speck make it
perform better with NEON than competing ciphers while still having a
security margin similar to AES, and in the case of Speck128 also the
same available security levels. Unfortunately, Speck does have some
political baggage attached -- it's an NSA designed cipher, and was
rejected from an ISO standard (though for context, as far as I know none
of the above-mentioned alternatives are ISO standards either).
Nevertheless, we believe it is a good solution to the problem from a
technical perspective.
Certain algorithms constructed from ChaCha or the ChaCha permutation,
such as MEM (Masked Even-Mansour) or HPolyC, may also meet our
performance requirements. However, these are new constructions that
need more time to receive the cryptographic review and acceptance needed
to be confident in their security. HPolyC hasn't been published yet,
and we are concerned that MEM makes stronger assumptions about the
underlying permutation than the ChaCha stream cipher does. In contrast,
the XTS mode of operation is relatively well accepted, and Speck has
over 70 cryptanalysis papers. Of course, these ChaCha-based algorithms
can still be added later if they become ready.
The best known attack on Speck128/256 is a differential cryptanalysis
attack on 25 of 34 rounds with 2^253 time complexity and 2^125 chosen
plaintexts, i.e. only marginally faster than brute force. There is no
known attack on the full 34 rounds.
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
The document describes userspace API and as such it belongs to
Documentation/admin-guide/mm
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Several documents in Documentation/vm fit quite well into the "admin/user
guide" category. The documents that don't overload the reader with lots of
implementation details and provide coherent description of certain feature
can be moved to Documentation/admin-guide/mm.
Signed-off-by: Mike Rapoport <rppt@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Distributed filesystems are most effective when the server and client
clocks are synchronised. Embedded devices often use NFS for their
root filesystem but typically do not contain an RTC, so the clocks of
the NFS server and the embedded device will be out-of-sync when the root
filesystem is mounted (and may not be synchronised until late in the
boot process).
Extend ipconfig with the ability to export IP addresses of NTP servers
it discovers to /proc/net/ipconfig/ntp_servers. They can be supplied as
follows:
- If ipconfig is configured manually via the "ip=" or "nfsaddrs="
kernel command line parameters, one NTP server can be specified in
the new "<ntp0-ip>" parameter.
- If ipconfig is autoconfigured via DHCP, request DHCP option 42 in
the DHCPDISCOVER message, and record the IP addresses of up to three
NTP servers sent by the responding DHCP server in the subsequent
DHCPOFFER message.
ipconfig will only write the NTP server IP addresses it discovers to
/proc/net/ipconfig/ntp_servers, one per line (in the order received from
the DHCP server, if DHCP autoconfiguration is used); making use of these
NTP servers is the responsibility of a user space process (e.g. an
initrd/initram script that invokes an NTP client before mounting an NFS
root filesystem).
Signed-off-by: Chris Novakovic <chris@chrisn.me.uk>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Fully document the format used by the /proc/net/pnp file written by
ipconfig, explain where its values originate from, and clarify that the
tertiary name server IP and DNS domain name are only written to the file
when autoconfiguration is used.
Signed-off-by: Chris Novakovic <chris@chrisn.me.uk>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
ic_do_bootp_ext() is responsible for parsing the "ip=" and "nfsaddrs="
kernel parameters. If a "." character is found in parameter 4 (the
client's hostname), everything before the first "." is used as the
hostname, and everything after it is used as the NIS domain name (but
not necessarily the DNS domain name).
Document this behaviour in Documentation/filesystems/nfs/nfsroot.txt,
as it is not made explicit.
Signed-off-by: Chris Novakovic <chris@chrisn.me.uk>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Mike Rapoport says:
These patches convert files in Documentation/vm to ReST format, add an
initial index and link it to the top level documentation.
There are no contents changes in the documentation, except few spelling
fixes. The relatively large diffstat stems from the indentation and
paragraph wrapping changes.
I've tried to keep the formatting as consistent as possible, but I could
miss some places that needed markup and add some markup where it was not
necessary.
[jc: significant conflicts in vm/hmm.rst]
Pull overlayfs updates from Miklos Szeredi:
"In addition to bug fixes and cleanups there are two new features from
Amir:
- Consistent inode number support for the case when layers are not
all on the same filesystem (feature is dubbed "xino").
- Optimize overlayfs file handle decoding. This one touches the
exportfs interface to allow detecting the disconnected directory
case"
* 'overlayfs-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mszeredi/vfs:
ovl: update documentation w.r.t "xino" feature
ovl: add support for "xino" mount and config options
ovl: consistent d_ino for non-samefs with xino
ovl: consistent i_ino for non-samefs with xino
ovl: constant st_ino for non-samefs with xino
ovl: allocate anon bdev per unique lower fs
ovl: factor out ovl_map_dev_ino() helper
ovl: cleanup ovl_update_time()
ovl: add WARN_ON() for non-dir redirect cases
ovl: cleanup setting OVL_INDEX
ovl: set d->is_dir and d->opaque for last path element
ovl: Do not check for redirect if this is last layer
ovl: lookup in inode cache first when decoding lower file handle
ovl: do not try to reconnect a disconnected origin dentry
ovl: disambiguate ovl_encode_fh()
ovl: set lower layer st_dev only if setting lower st_ino
ovl: fix lookup with middle layer opaque dir and absolute path redirects
ovl: Set d->last properly during lookup
ovl: set i_ino to the value of st_ino for NFS export
merge window while it's still open.
1. The first patch adds a new function to lockref: lockref_put_not_zero
2. The second patch fixes GFS2's glock dump code so it uses the new lockref
function. This fixes a problem whereby lock dumps could miss glocks.
3. I made a minor patch to update some comments and fix the lock ordering
text in our gfs2-glocks.txt Documentation file.
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Merge tag 'gfs2-4.17.fixes2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gfs2/linux-gfs2
Pull more gfs2 updates from Bob Peterson:
"We decided to request the latest three patches to be merged into this
merge window while it's still open.
- The first patch adds a new function to lockref:
lockref_put_not_zero
- The second patch fixes GFS2's glock dump code so it uses the new
lockref function. This fixes a problem whereby lock dumps could
miss glocks.
- I made a minor patch to update some comments and fix the lock
ordering text in our gfs2-glocks.txt Documentation file"
* tag 'gfs2-4.17.fixes2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gfs2/linux-gfs2:
GFS2: Minor improvements to comments and documentation
gfs2: Stop using rhashtable_walk_peek
lockref: Add lockref_put_not_zero
Pull AFS updates from Al Viro:
"The AFS series posted by dhowells depended upon lookup_one_len()
rework; now that prereq is in the mainline, that series had been
rebased on top of it and got some exposure and testing..."
* 'afs-dh' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
afs: Do better accretion of small writes on newly created content
afs: Add stats for data transfer operations
afs: Trace protocol errors
afs: Locally edit directory data for mkdir/create/unlink/...
afs: Adjust the directory XDR structures
afs: Split the directory content defs into a header
afs: Fix directory handling
afs: Split the dynroot stuff out and give it its own ops tables
afs: Keep track of invalid-before version for dentry coherency
afs: Rearrange status mapping
afs: Make it possible to get the data version in readpage
afs: Init inode before accessing cache
afs: Introduce a statistics proc file
afs: Dump bad status record
afs: Implement @cell substitution handling
afs: Implement @sys substitution handling
afs: Prospectively look up extra files when doing a single lookup
afs: Don't over-increment the cell usage count when pinning it
afs: Fix checker warnings
vfs: Remove the const from dir_context::actor
This patch simply fixes some comments and the gfs2-glocks.txt file:
Places where i_rwsem was called i_mutex, and adding i_rw_mutex.
Signed-off-by: Bob Peterson <rpeterso@redhat.com>
- support for rbd "fancy" striping (myself). The striping feature bit
is now fully implemented, allowing mapping v2 images with non-default
striping patterns. This completes support for --image-format 2.
- CephFS quota support (Luis Henriques and Zheng Yan). This set is
based on the new SnapRealm code in the upcoming v13.y.z ("Mimic")
release. Quota handling will be rejected on older filesystems.
- memory usage improvements in CephFS (Chengguang Xu). Directory
specific bits have been split out of ceph_file_info and some effort
went into improving cap reservation code to avoid OOM crashes.
Also included a bunch of assorted fixes all over the place from
Chengguang and others.
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Merge tag 'ceph-for-4.17-rc1' of git://github.com/ceph/ceph-client
Pull ceph updates from Ilya Dryomov:
"The big ticket items are:
- support for rbd "fancy" striping (myself).
The striping feature bit is now fully implemented, allowing mapping
v2 images with non-default striping patterns. This completes
support for --image-format 2.
- CephFS quota support (Luis Henriques and Zheng Yan).
This set is based on the new SnapRealm code in the upcoming v13.y.z
("Mimic") release. Quota handling will be rejected on older
filesystems.
- memory usage improvements in CephFS (Chengguang Xu).
Directory specific bits have been split out of ceph_file_info and
some effort went into improving cap reservation code to avoid OOM
crashes.
Also included a bunch of assorted fixes all over the place from
Chengguang and others"
* tag 'ceph-for-4.17-rc1' of git://github.com/ceph/ceph-client: (67 commits)
ceph: quota: report root dir quota usage in statfs
ceph: quota: add counter for snaprealms with quota
ceph: quota: cache inode pointer in ceph_snap_realm
ceph: fix root quota realm check
ceph: don't check quota for snap inode
ceph: quota: update MDS when max_bytes is approaching
ceph: quota: support for ceph.quota.max_bytes
ceph: quota: don't allow cross-quota renames
ceph: quota: support for ceph.quota.max_files
ceph: quota: add initial infrastructure to support cephfs quotas
rbd: remove VLA usage
rbd: fix spelling mistake: "reregisteration" -> "reregistration"
ceph: rename function drop_leases() to a more descriptive name
ceph: fix invalid point dereference for error case in mdsc destroy
ceph: return proper bool type to caller instead of pointer
ceph: optimize memory usage
ceph: optimize mds session register
libceph, ceph: add __init attribution to init funcitons
ceph: filter out used flags when printing unused open flags
ceph: don't wait on writeback when there is no more dirty pages
...
Implement the AFS feature by which @sys at the end of a pathname component
may be substituted for one of a list of values, typically naming the
operating system. Up to 16 alternatives may be specified and these are
tried in turn until one works. Each network namespace has[*] a separate
independent list.
Upon creation of a new network namespace, the list of values is
initialised[*] to a single OpenAFS-compatible string representing arch type
plus "_linux26". For example, on x86_64, the sysname is "amd64_linux26".
[*] Or will, once network namespace support is finalised in kAFS.
The list may be set by:
# for i in foo bar linux-x86_64; do echo $i; done >/proc/fs/afs/sysname
for which separate writes to the same fd are amalgamated and applied on
close. The LF character may be used as a separator to specify multiple
items in the same write() call.
The list may be cleared by:
# echo >/proc/fs/afs/sysname
and read by:
# cat /proc/fs/afs/sysname
foo
bar
linux-x86_64
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
+ Documentation cleanups
+ removal of unused code
+ cause some structs to be static
+ implement Orangefs vm_operations fault callout
+ eliminate two single-use functions and put their cleaned up code in line.
+ replace a vmalloc/memset instance with vzalloc
+ fix a race condition bug in wait code.
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Merge tag 'for-linus-4.17-ofs' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/hubcap/linux
Pull orangefs updates from Mike Marshall:
"Fixes and cleanups:
- Documentation cleanups
- removal of unused code
- make some structs static
- implement Orangefs vm_operations fault callout
- eliminate two single-use functions and put their cleaned up code in
line.
- replace a vmalloc/memset instance with vzalloc
- fix a race condition bug in wait code"
* tag 'for-linus-4.17-ofs' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/hubcap/linux:
Orangefs: documentation updates
orangefs: document package install and xfstests procedure
orangefs: remove unused code
orangefs: make several *_operations structs static
orangefs: implement vm_ops->fault
orangefs: open code short single-use functions
orangefs: replace vmalloc and memset with vzalloc
orangefs: bug fix for a race condition when getting a slot
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Merge tag 'fscache-next-20180406' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dhowells/linux-fs
Pull fscache updates from David Howells:
"Three patches that fix some of AFS's usage of fscache:
(1) Need to invalidate the cache if a foreign data change is detected
on the server.
(2) Move the vnode ID uniquifier (equivalent to i_generation) from
the auxiliary data to the index key to prevent a race between
file delete and a subsequent file create seeing the same index
key.
(3) Need to retire cookies that correspond to files that we think got
deleted on the server.
Four patches to fix some things in fscache and cachefiles:
(4) Fix a couple of checker warnings.
(5) Correctly indicate to the end-of-operation callback whether an
operation completed or was cancelled.
(6) Add a check for multiple cookie relinquishment.
(7) Fix a path through the asynchronous write that doesn't wake up a
waiter for a page if the cache decides not to write that page,
but discards it instead.
A couple of patches to add tracepoints to fscache and cachefiles:
(8) Add tracepoints for cookie operators, object state machine
execution, cachefiles object management and cachefiles VFS
operations.
(9) Add tracepoints for fscache operation management and page
wrangling.
And then three development patches:
(10) Attach the index key and auxiliary data to the cookie, pass this
information through various fscache-netfs API functions and get
rid of the callbacks to the netfs to get it.
This means that the cache can get at this information, even if
the netfs goes away. It also means that the cache can be lazy in
updating the coherency data.
(11) Pass the object data size through various fscache-netfs API
rather than calling back to the netfs for it, and store the value
in the object.
This makes it easier to correctly resize the object, as the size
is updated on writes to the cache, rather than calling back out
to the netfs.
(12) Maintain a catalogue of allocated cookies. This makes it possible
to catch cookie collision up front rather than down in the bowels
of the cache being run from a service thread from the object
state machine.
This will also make it possible in the future to reconnect to a
cookie that's not gone dead yet because it's waiting for
finalisation of the storage and also make it possible to bring
cookies online if the cache is added after the cookie has been
obtained"
* tag 'fscache-next-20180406' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dhowells/linux-fs:
fscache: Maintain a catalogue of allocated cookies
fscache: Pass object size in rather than calling back for it
fscache: Attach the index key and aux data to the cookie
fscache: Add more tracepoints
fscache: Add tracepoints
fscache: Fix hanging wait on page discarded by writeback
fscache: Detect multiple relinquishment of a cookie
fscache: Pass the correct cancelled indications to fscache_op_complete()
fscache, cachefiles: Fix checker warnings
afs: Be more aggressive in retiring cached vnodes
afs: Use the vnode ID uniquifier in the cache key not the aux data
afs: Invalidate cache on server data change
Pass the object size in to fscache_acquire_cookie() and
fscache_write_page() rather than the netfs providing a callback by which it
can be received. This makes it easier to update the size of the object
when a new page is written that extends the object.
The current object size is also passed by fscache to the check_aux
function, obviating the need to store it in the aux data.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Anna Schumaker <anna.schumaker@netapp.com>
Tested-by: Steve Dickson <steved@redhat.com>
Pull misc filesystem updates from Jan Kara:
"udf, ext2, quota, fsnotify fixes & cleanups:
- udf fixes for handling of media without uid/gid
- udf fixes for some corner cases in parsing of volume recognition
sequence
- improvements of fsnotify handling of ENOMEM
- new ioctl to allow setting of watch descriptor id for inotify (for
checkpoint - restart)
- small ext2, reiserfs, quota cleanups"
* 'for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jack/linux-fs:
quota: Kill an unused extern entry form quota.h
reiserfs: Remove VLA from fs/reiserfs/reiserfs.h
udf: fix potential refcnt problem of nls module
ext2: change return code to -ENOMEM when failing memory allocation
udf: Do not mark possibly inconsistent filesystems as closed
fsnotify: Let userspace know about lost events due to ENOMEM
fanotify: Avoid lost events due to ENOMEM for unlimited queues
udf: Remove never implemented mount options
udf: Update mount option documentation
udf: Provide saner default for invalid uid / gid
udf: Clean up handling of invalid uid/gid
udf: Apply uid/gid mount options also to new inodes & chown
udf: Ignore [ug]id=ignore mount options
udf: Fix handling of Partition Descriptors
udf: Unify common handling of descriptors
udf: Convert descriptor index definitions to enum
udf: Allow volume descriptor sequence to be terminated by unrecorded block
udf: Simplify handling of Volume Descriptor Pointers
udf: Fix off-by-one in volume descriptor sequence length
inotify: Extend ioctl to allow to request id of new watch descriptor
In this round, we've mainly focused on performance tuning and critical bug fixes
occurred in low-end devices. Sheng Yong introduced lost_found feature to keep
missing files during recovery instead of thrashing them. We're preparing coming
fsverity implementation. And, we've got more features to communicate with users
for better performance. In low-end devices, some memory-related issues were
fixed, and subtle race condtions and corner cases were addressed as well.
Enhancement:
- large nat bitmaps for more free node ids
- add three block allocation policies to pass down write hints given by user
- expose extension list to user and introduce hot file extension
- tune small devices seamlessly for low-end devices
- set readdir_ra by default
- give more resources under gc_urgent mode regarding to discard and cleaning
- introduce fsync_mode to enforce posix or not
- nowait aio support
- add lost_found feature to keep dangling inodes
- reserve bits for future fsverity feature
- add test_dummy_encryption for FBE
Bug fix:
- don't use highmem for dentry pages
- align memory boundary for bitops
- truncate preallocated blocks in write errors
- guarantee i_times on fsync call
- clear CP_TRIMMED_FLAG correctly
- prevent node chain loop during recovery
- avoid data race between atomic write and background cleaning
- avoid unnecessary selinux violation warnings on resgid option
- GFP_NOFS to avoid deadlock in quota and read paths
- fix f2fs_skip_inode_update to allow i_size recovery
In addition to them, there are several minor bug fixes and clean-ups.
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Merge tag 'f2fs-for-4.17' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs
Pull f2fs update from Jaegeuk Kim:
"In this round, we've mainly focused on performance tuning and critical
bug fixes occurred in low-end devices. Sheng Yong introduced
lost_found feature to keep missing files during recovery instead of
thrashing them. We're preparing coming fsverity implementation. And,
we've got more features to communicate with users for better
performance. In low-end devices, some memory-related issues were
fixed, and subtle race condtions and corner cases were addressed as
well.
Enhancements:
- large nat bitmaps for more free node ids
- add three block allocation policies to pass down write hints given by user
- expose extension list to user and introduce hot file extension
- tune small devices seamlessly for low-end devices
- set readdir_ra by default
- give more resources under gc_urgent mode regarding to discard and cleaning
- introduce fsync_mode to enforce posix or not
- nowait aio support
- add lost_found feature to keep dangling inodes
- reserve bits for future fsverity feature
- add test_dummy_encryption for FBE
Bug fixes:
- don't use highmem for dentry pages
- align memory boundary for bitops
- truncate preallocated blocks in write errors
- guarantee i_times on fsync call
- clear CP_TRIMMED_FLAG correctly
- prevent node chain loop during recovery
- avoid data race between atomic write and background cleaning
- avoid unnecessary selinux violation warnings on resgid option
- GFP_NOFS to avoid deadlock in quota and read paths
- fix f2fs_skip_inode_update to allow i_size recovery
In addition to the above, there are several minor bug fixes and clean-ups"
* tag 'f2fs-for-4.17' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs: (50 commits)
f2fs: remain written times to update inode during fsync
f2fs: make assignment of t->dentry_bitmap more readable
f2fs: truncate preallocated blocks in error case
f2fs: fix a wrong condition in f2fs_skip_inode_update
f2fs: reserve bits for fs-verity
f2fs: Add a segment type check in inplace write
f2fs: no need to initialize zero value for GFP_F2FS_ZERO
f2fs: don't track new nat entry in nat set
f2fs: clean up with F2FS_BLK_ALIGN
f2fs: check blkaddr more accuratly before issue a bio
f2fs: Set GF_NOFS in read_cache_page_gfp while doing f2fs_quota_read
f2fs: introduce a new mount option test_dummy_encryption
f2fs: introduce F2FS_FEATURE_LOST_FOUND feature
f2fs: release locks before return in f2fs_ioc_gc_range()
f2fs: align memory boundary for bitops
f2fs: remove unneeded set_cold_node()
f2fs: add nowait aio support
f2fs: wrap all options with f2fs_sb_info.mount_opt
f2fs: Don't overwrite all types of node to keep node chain
f2fs: introduce mount option for fsync mode
...
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Merge tag '4.17-SMB3-Fixes' of git://git.samba.org/sfrench/cifs-2.6
Pull cifs updates from Steve French:
"Includes SMB3.11 security improvements, as well as various fixes for
stable and some debugging improvements"
* tag '4.17-SMB3-Fixes' of git://git.samba.org/sfrench/cifs-2.6:
cifs: Add minor debug message during negprot
smb3: Fix root directory when server returns inode number of zero
cifs: fix sparse warning on previous patch in a few printks
cifs: add server->vals->header_preamble_size
cifs: smbd: disconnect transport on RDMA errors
cifs: smbd: avoid reconnect lockup
Don't log confusing message on reconnect by default
Don't log expected error on DFS referral request
fs: cifs: Replace _free_xid call in cifs_root_iget function
SMB3.1.1 dialect is no longer experimental
Tree connect for SMB3.1.1 must be signed for non-encrypted shares
fix smb3-encryption breakage when CONFIG_DEBUG_SG=y
CIFS: fix sha512 check in cifs_crypto_secmech_release
CIFS: implement v3.11 preauth integrity
CIFS: add sha512 secmech
CIFS: refactor crypto shash/sdesc allocation&free
Update README file for cifs.ko
Update TODO list for cifs.ko
cifs: fix memory leak in SMB2_open()
CIFS: SMBD: fix spelling mistake: "faield" and "legnth"
Attach copies of the index key and auxiliary data to the fscache cookie so
that:
(1) The callbacks to the netfs for this stuff can be eliminated. This
can simplify things in the cache as the information is still
available, even after the cache has relinquished the cookie.
(2) Simplifies the locking requirements of accessing the information as we
don't have to worry about the netfs object going away on us.
(3) The cache can do lazy updating of the coherency information on disk.
As long as the cache is flushed before reboot/poweroff, there's no
need to update the coherency info on disk every time it changes.
(4) Cookies can be hashed or put in a tree as the index key is easily
available. This allows:
(a) Checks for duplicate cookies can be made at the top fscache layer
rather than down in the bowels of the cache backend.
(b) Caching can be added to a netfs object that has a cookie if the
cache is brought online after the netfs object is allocated.
A certain amount of space is made in the cookie for inline copies of the
data, but if it won't fit there, extra memory will be allocated for it.
The downside of this is that live cache operation requires more memory.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Anna Schumaker <anna.schumaker@netapp.com>
Tested-by: Steve Dickson <steved@redhat.com>
Unless one is working on the userspace code, there's no need to compile
OrangeFS. The package works just fine.
(But leave the documentation for building from source since not everyone
uses distributions which include the package.)
Also document the process to run xfstests against OrangeFS.
Signed-off-by: Martin Brandenburg <martin@omnibond.com>
Signed-off-by: Mike Marshall <hubcap@omnibond.com>
This commit changes statfs default behaviour when reporting usage
statistics. Instead of using the overall filesystem usage, statfs now
reports the quota for the filesystem root, if ceph.quota.max_bytes has
been set for this inode. If quota hasn't been set, it falls back to the
old statfs behaviour.
A new mount option is also added ('noquotadf') to disable this behaviour.
Signed-off-by: Luis Henriques <lhenriques@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: "Yan, Zheng" <zyan@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
This patch adds the infrastructure required to support cephfs quotas as it
is currently implemented in the ceph fuse client. Cephfs quotas can be
set on any directory, and can restrict the number of bytes or the number
of files stored beneath that point in the directory hierarchy.
Quotas are set using the extended attributes 'ceph.quota.max_files' and
'ceph.quota.max_bytes', and can be removed by setting these attributes to
'0'.
Link: http://tracker.ceph.com/issues/22372
Signed-off-by: Luis Henriques <lhenriques@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: "Yan, Zheng" <zyan@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Ilya Dryomov <idryomov@gmail.com>
The oss.sgi.com doesn't exist any more.
Change it to current project URL, https://xfs.wiki.kernel.org/
Signed-off-by: Masanari Iida <standby24x7@gmail.com>
Reviewed-by: Darrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
This patch introduces a new mount option `test_dummy_encryption'
to allow fscrypt to create a fake fscrypt context. This is used
by xfstests.
Signed-off-by: Sheng Yong <shengyong1@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Commit "0a007b97aad6"(f2fs: recover directory operations by fsync)
fixed xfstest generic/342 case, but it also increased the written
data and caused the performance degradation. In most cases, there's
no need to do so heavy fsync actually.
So we introduce new mount option "fsync_mode={posix,strict}" to
control the policy of fsync. "fsync_mode=posix" is set by default,
and means that f2fs uses a light fsync, which follows POSIX semantics.
And "fsync_mode=strict" means that it's a heavy fsync, which behaves
in line with xfs, ext4 and btrfs, where generic/342 will pass, but
the performance will regress.
Signed-off-by: Junling Zheng <zhengjunling@huawei.com>
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch adds an mount option, "alloc_mode=%s" having two options, "default"
and "reuse".
In "alloc_mode=reuse" case, f2fs starts to allocate segments from 0'th segment
all the time to reassign segments. It'd be useful for small-sized eMMC parts.
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Support the AFS dynamic root which is a pseudo-volume that doesn't connect
to any server resource, but rather is just a root directory that
dynamically creates mountpoint directories where the name of such a
directory is the name of the cell.
Such a mount can be created thus:
mount -t afs none /afs -o dyn
Dynamic root superblocks aren't shared except by bind mounts and
propagation. Cell root volumes can then be mounted by referring to them by
name, e.g.:
ls /afs/grand.central.org/
ls /afs/.grand.central.org/
The kernel will upcall to consult the DNS if the address wasn't supplied
directly.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Pull overlayfs updates from Miklos Szeredi:
"This work from Amir adds NFS export capability to overlayfs. NFS
exporting an overlay filesystem is a challange because we want to keep
track of any copy-up of a file or directory between encoding the file
handle and decoding it.
This is achieved by indexing copied up objects by lower layer file
handle. The index is already used for hard links, this patchset
extends the use to NFS file handle decoding"
* 'overlayfs-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mszeredi/vfs: (51 commits)
ovl: check ERR_PTR() return value from ovl_encode_fh()
ovl: fix regression in fsnotify of overlay merge dir
ovl: wire up NFS export operations
ovl: lookup indexed ancestor of lower dir
ovl: lookup connected ancestor of dir in inode cache
ovl: hash non-indexed dir by upper inode for NFS export
ovl: decode pure lower dir file handles
ovl: decode indexed dir file handles
ovl: decode lower file handles of unlinked but open files
ovl: decode indexed non-dir file handles
ovl: decode lower non-dir file handles
ovl: encode lower file handles
ovl: copy up before encoding non-connectable dir file handle
ovl: encode non-indexed upper file handles
ovl: decode connected upper dir file handles
ovl: decode pure upper file handles
ovl: encode pure upper file handles
ovl: document NFS export
vfs: factor out helpers d_instantiate_anon() and d_alloc_anon()
ovl: store 'has_upper' and 'opaque' as bit flags
...
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Merge tag 'fscrypt_for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/fscrypt
Pull fscrypt updates from Ted Ts'o:
"Refactor support for encrypted symlinks to move common code to fscrypt"
Ted also points out about the merge:
"This makes the f2fs symlink code use the fscrypt_encrypt_symlink()
from the fscrypt tree. This will end up dropping the kzalloc() ->
f2fs_kzalloc() change, which means the fscrypt-specific allocation
won't get tested by f2fs's kmalloc error injection system; which is
fine"
* tag 'fscrypt_for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/fscrypt: (26 commits)
fscrypt: fix build with pre-4.6 gcc versions
fscrypt: remove 'ci' parameter from fscrypt_put_encryption_info()
fscrypt: document symlink length restriction
fscrypt: fix up fscrypt_fname_encrypted_size() for internal use
fscrypt: define fscrypt_fname_alloc_buffer() to be for presented names
fscrypt: calculate NUL-padding length in one place only
fscrypt: move fscrypt_symlink_data to fscrypt_private.h
fscrypt: remove fscrypt_fname_usr_to_disk()
ubifs: switch to fscrypt_get_symlink()
ubifs: switch to fscrypt ->symlink() helper functions
ubifs: free the encrypted symlink target
f2fs: switch to fscrypt_get_symlink()
f2fs: switch to fscrypt ->symlink() helper functions
ext4: switch to fscrypt_get_symlink()
ext4: switch to fscrypt ->symlink() helper functions
fscrypt: new helper function - fscrypt_get_symlink()
fscrypt: new helper functions for ->symlink()
fscrypt: trim down fscrypt.h includes
fscrypt: move fscrypt_is_dot_dotdot() to fs/crypto/fname.c
fscrypt: move fscrypt_valid_enc_modes() to fscrypt_private.h
...
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Merge tag 'ext4_for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/ext4
Pull ext4 updates from Ted Ts'o:
"Only miscellaneous cleanups and bug fixes for ext4 this cycle"
* tag 'ext4_for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/ext4:
ext4: create ext4_kset dynamically
ext4: create ext4_feat kobject dynamically
ext4: release kobject/kset even when init/register fail
ext4: fix incorrect indentation of if statement
ext4: correct documentation for grpid mount option
ext4: use 'sbi' instead of 'EXT4_SB(sb)'
ext4: save error to disk in __ext4_grp_locked_error()
jbd2: fix sphinx kernel-doc build warnings
ext4: fix a race in the ext4 shutdown path
mbcache: make sure c_entry_count is not decremented past zero
ext4: no need flush workqueue before destroying it
ext4: fixed alignment and minor code cleanup in ext4.h
ext4: fix ENOSPC handling in DAX page fault handler
dax: pass detailed error code from dax_iomap_fault()
mbcache: revert "fs/mbcache.c: make count_objects() more robust"
mbcache: initialize entry->e_referenced in mb_cache_entry_create()
ext4: fix up remaining files with SPDX cleanups
Highlights:
- Enable support for memory protection keys aka "pkeys" on Power7/8/9 when
using the hash table MMU.
- Extend our interrupt soft masking to support masking PMU interrupts as well
as "normal" interrupts, and then use that to implement local_t for a ~4x
speedup vs the current atomics-based implementation.
- A new driver "ocxl" for "Open Coherent Accelerator Processor Interface
(OpenCAPI)" devices.
- Support for new device tree properties on PowerVM to describe hotpluggable
memory and devices.
- Add support for CLOCK_{REALTIME/MONOTONIC}_COARSE to the 64-bit VDSO.
- Freescale updates from Scott:
"Contains fixes for CPM GPIO and an FSL PCI erratum workaround, plus a
minor cleanup patch."
As well as quite a lot of other changes all over the place, and small fixes and
cleanups as always.
Thanks to:
Alan Modra, Alastair D'Silva, Alexey Kardashevskiy, Alistair Popple, Andreas
Schwab, Andrew Donnellan, Aneesh Kumar K.V, Anju T Sudhakar, Anshuman
Khandual, Anton Blanchard, Arnd Bergmann, Balbir Singh, Benjamin
Herrenschmidt, Bhaktipriya Shridhar, Bryant G. Ly, Cédric Le Goater,
Christophe Leroy, Christophe Lombard, Cyril Bur, David Gibson, Desnes A. Nunes
do Rosario, Dmitry Torokhov, Frederic Barrat, Geert Uytterhoeven, Guilherme G.
Piccoli, Gustavo A. R. Silva, Gustavo Romero, Ivan Mikhaylov, Joakim
Tjernlund, Joe Perches, Josh Poimboeuf, Juan J. Alvarez, Julia Cartwright,
Kamalesh Babulal, Madhavan Srinivasan, Mahesh Salgaonkar, Mathieu Malaterre,
Michael Bringmann, Michael Hanselmann, Michael Neuling, Nathan Fontenot,
Naveen N. Rao, Nicholas Piggin, Paul Mackerras, Philippe Bergheaud, Ram Pai,
Russell Currey, Santosh Sivaraj, Scott Wood, Seth Forshee, Simon Guo, Stewart
Smith, Sukadev Bhattiprolu, Thiago Jung Bauermann, Vaibhav Jain, Vasyl
Gomonovych.
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Merge tag 'powerpc-4.16-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/powerpc/linux
Pull powerpc updates from Michael Ellerman:
"Highlights:
- Enable support for memory protection keys aka "pkeys" on Power7/8/9
when using the hash table MMU.
- Extend our interrupt soft masking to support masking PMU interrupts
as well as "normal" interrupts, and then use that to implement
local_t for a ~4x speedup vs the current atomics-based
implementation.
- A new driver "ocxl" for "Open Coherent Accelerator Processor
Interface (OpenCAPI)" devices.
- Support for new device tree properties on PowerVM to describe
hotpluggable memory and devices.
- Add support for CLOCK_{REALTIME/MONOTONIC}_COARSE to the 64-bit
VDSO.
- Freescale updates from Scott: fixes for CPM GPIO and an FSL PCI
erratum workaround, plus a minor cleanup patch.
As well as quite a lot of other changes all over the place, and small
fixes and cleanups as always.
Thanks to: Alan Modra, Alastair D'Silva, Alexey Kardashevskiy,
Alistair Popple, Andreas Schwab, Andrew Donnellan, Aneesh Kumar K.V,
Anju T Sudhakar, Anshuman Khandual, Anton Blanchard, Arnd Bergmann,
Balbir Singh, Benjamin Herrenschmidt, Bhaktipriya Shridhar, Bryant G.
Ly, Cédric Le Goater, Christophe Leroy, Christophe Lombard, Cyril Bur,
David Gibson, Desnes A. Nunes do Rosario, Dmitry Torokhov, Frederic
Barrat, Geert Uytterhoeven, Guilherme G. Piccoli, Gustavo A. R. Silva,
Gustavo Romero, Ivan Mikhaylov, Joakim Tjernlund, Joe Perches, Josh
Poimboeuf, Juan J. Alvarez, Julia Cartwright, Kamalesh Babulal,
Madhavan Srinivasan, Mahesh Salgaonkar, Mathieu Malaterre, Michael
Bringmann, Michael Hanselmann, Michael Neuling, Nathan Fontenot,
Naveen N. Rao, Nicholas Piggin, Paul Mackerras, Philippe Bergheaud,
Ram Pai, Russell Currey, Santosh Sivaraj, Scott Wood, Seth Forshee,
Simon Guo, Stewart Smith, Sukadev Bhattiprolu, Thiago Jung Bauermann,
Vaibhav Jain, Vasyl Gomonovych"
* tag 'powerpc-4.16-1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/powerpc/linux: (199 commits)
powerpc/mm/radix: Fix build error when RADIX_MMU=n
macintosh/ams-input: Use true and false for boolean values
macintosh: change some data types from int to bool
powerpc/watchdog: Print the NIP in soft_nmi_interrupt()
powerpc/watchdog: regs can't be null in soft_nmi_interrupt()
powerpc/watchdog: Tweak watchdog printks
powerpc/cell: Remove axonram driver
rtc-opal: Fix handling of firmware error codes, prevent busy loops
powerpc/mpc52xx_gpt: make use of raw_spinlock variants
macintosh/adb: Properly mark continued kernel messages
powerpc/pseries: Fix cpu hotplug crash with memoryless nodes
powerpc/numa: Ensure nodes initialized for hotplug
powerpc/numa: Use ibm,max-associativity-domains to discover possible nodes
powerpc/kernel: Block interrupts when updating TIDR
powerpc/powernv/idoa: Remove unnecessary pcidev from pci_dn
powerpc/mm/nohash: do not flush the entire mm when range is a single page
powerpc/pseries: Add Initialization of VF Bars
powerpc/pseries/pci: Associate PEs to VFs in configure SR-IOV
powerpc/eeh: Add EEH notify resume sysfs
powerpc/eeh: Add EEH operations to notify resume
...
Pull printk updates from Petr Mladek:
- Add a console_msg_format command line option:
The value "default" keeps the old "[time stamp] text\n" format. The
value "syslog" allows to see the syslog-like "<log
level>[timestamp] text" format.
This feature was requested by people doing regression tests, for
example, 0day robot. They want to have both filtered and full logs
at hands.
- Reduce the risk of softlockup:
Pass the console owner in a busy loop.
This is a new approach to the old problem. It was first proposed by
Steven Rostedt on Kernel Summit 2017. It marks a context in which
the console_lock owner calls console drivers and could not sleep.
On the other side, printk() callers could detect this state and use
a busy wait instead of a simple console_trylock(). Finally, the
console_lock owner checks if there is a busy waiter at the end of
the special context and eventually passes the console_lock to the
waiter.
The hand-off works surprisingly well and helps in many situations.
Well, there is still a possibility of the softlockup, for example,
when the flood of messages stops and the last owner still has too
much to flush.
There is increasing number of people having problems with
printk-related softlockups. We might eventually need to get better
solution. Anyway, this looks like a good start and promising
direction.
- Do not allow to schedule in console_unlock() called from printk():
This reverts an older controversial commit. The reschedule helped
to avoid softlockups. But it also slowed down the console output.
This patch is obsoleted by the new console waiter logic described
above. In fact, the reschedule made the hand-off less effective.
- Deprecate "%pf" and "%pF" format specifier:
It was needed on ia64, ppc64 and parisc64 to dereference function
descriptors and show the real function address. It is done
transparently by "%ps" and "pS" format specifier now.
Sergey Senozhatsky found that all the function descriptors were in
a special elf section and could be easily detected.
- Remove printk_symbol() API:
It has been obsoleted by "%pS" format specifier, and this change
helped to remove few continuous lines and a less intuitive old API.
- Remove redundant memsets:
Sergey removed unnecessary memset when processing printk.devkmsg
command line option.
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/pmladek/printk: (27 commits)
printk: drop redundant devkmsg_log_str memsets
printk: Never set console_may_schedule in console_trylock()
printk: Hide console waiter logic into helpers
printk: Add console owner and waiter logic to load balance console writes
kallsyms: remove print_symbol() function
checkpatch: add pF/pf deprecation warning
symbol lookup: introduce dereference_symbol_descriptor()
parisc64: Add .opd based function descriptor dereference
powerpc64: Add .opd based function descriptor dereference
ia64: Add .opd based function descriptor dereference
sections: split dereference_function_descriptor()
openrisc: Fix conflicting types for _exext and _stext
lib: do not use print_symbol()
irq debug: do not use print_symbol()
sysfs: do not use print_symbol()
drivers: do not use print_symbol()
x86: do not use print_symbol()
unicore32: do not use print_symbol()
sh: do not use print_symbol()
mn10300: do not use print_symbol()
...
documentation, errseq documentation, kernel-doc support for nested
structure definitions, the removal of lots of crufty kernel-doc support for
unused formats, SPDX tag documentation, the beginnings of a manual for
subsystem maintainers, and lots of fixes and updates.
As usual, some of the changesets reach outside of Documentation/ to effect
kerneldoc comment fixes. It also adds the new LICENSES directory, of which
Thomas promises I do not need to be the maintainer.
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Merge tag 'docs-4.16' of git://git.lwn.net/linux
Pull documentation updates from Jonathan Corbet:
"Documentation updates for 4.16.
New stuff includes refcount_t documentation, errseq documentation,
kernel-doc support for nested structure definitions, the removal of
lots of crufty kernel-doc support for unused formats, SPDX tag
documentation, the beginnings of a manual for subsystem maintainers,
and lots of fixes and updates.
As usual, some of the changesets reach outside of Documentation/ to
effect kerneldoc comment fixes. It also adds the new LICENSES
directory, of which Thomas promises I do not need to be the
maintainer"
* tag 'docs-4.16' of git://git.lwn.net/linux: (65 commits)
linux-next: docs-rst: Fix typos in kfigure.py
linux-next: DOC: HWPOISON: Fix path to debugfs in hwpoison.txt
Documentation: Fix misconversion of #if
docs: add index entry for networking/msg_zerocopy
Documentation: security/credentials.rst: explain need to sort group_list
LICENSES: Add MPL-1.1 license
LICENSES: Add the GPL 1.0 license
LICENSES: Add Linux syscall note exception
LICENSES: Add the MIT license
LICENSES: Add the BSD-3-clause "Clear" license
LICENSES: Add the BSD 3-clause "New" or "Revised" License
LICENSES: Add the BSD 2-clause "Simplified" license
LICENSES: Add the LGPL-2.1 license
LICENSES: Add the LGPL 2.0 license
LICENSES: Add the GPL 2.0 license
Documentation: Add license-rules.rst to describe how to properly identify file licenses
scripts: kernel_doc: better handle show warnings logic
fs/*/Kconfig: drop links to 404-compliant http://acl.bestbits.at
doc: md: Fix a file name to md-fault.c in fault-injection.txt
errseq: Add to documentation tree
...
Pull misc vfs updates from Al Viro:
"All kinds of misc stuff, without any unifying topic, from various
people.
Neil's d_anon patch, several bugfixes, introduction of kvmalloc
analogue of kmemdup_user(), extending bitfield.h to deal with
fixed-endians, assorted cleanups all over the place..."
* 'work.misc' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs: (28 commits)
alpha: osf_sys.c: use timespec64 where appropriate
alpha: osf_sys.c: fix put_tv32 regression
jffs2: Fix use-after-free bug in jffs2_iget()'s error handling path
dcache: delete unused d_hash_mask
dcache: subtract d_hash_shift from 32 in advance
fs/buffer.c: fold init_buffer() into init_page_buffers()
fs: fold __inode_permission() into inode_permission()
fs: add RWF_APPEND
sctp: use vmemdup_user() rather than badly open-coding memdup_user()
snd_ctl_elem_init_enum_names(): switch to vmemdup_user()
replace_user_tlv(): switch to vmemdup_user()
new primitive: vmemdup_user()
memdup_user(): switch to GFP_USER
eventfd: fold eventfd_ctx_get() into eventfd_ctx_fileget()
eventfd: fold eventfd_ctx_read() into eventfd_read()
eventfd: convert to use anon_inode_getfd()
nfs4file: get rid of pointless include of btrfs.h
uvc_v4l2: clean copyin/copyout up
vme_user: don't use __copy_..._user()
usx2y: don't bother with memdup_user() for 16-byte structure
...
The QS21/22 IBM Cell blades had a southbridge chip called Axon. This
could have DDR DIMMs attached to it, though they were not directly
usable as RAM, instead they could be used as some sort of buffer, if
applications were written specifically to use the block device
provided by the driver.
Although the driver supposedly had direct access support, it was
apparently never tested (see commit 91117a2024 ("axonram: Fix bug in
direct_access")).
These machines have not been available for over 5 years, and were
never widely in use. It seems highly unlikely anyone is using this
driver.
In general we're happy to leave old drivers in the tree, but because
DAX is involved this driver is caught up in the ongoing work in that
area, but none of the DAX folks are able to test it.
So remove the driver, if any one *is* using it, we'll be happy to put
it back.
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Introduce the "nfs_export" config, module and mount options.
The NFS export feature depends on the "index" feature and enables two
implicit overlayfs features: "index_all" and "verify_lower".
The "index_all" feature creates an index on copy up of every file and
directory. The "verify_lower" feature uses the full index to detect
overlay filesystems inconsistencies on lookup, like redirect from
multiple upper dirs to the same lower dir.
NFS export can be enabled for non-upper mount with no index. However,
because lower layer redirects cannot be verified with the index, enabling
NFS export support on an overlay with no upper layer requires turning off
redirect follow (e.g. "redirect_dir=nofollow").
The full index may incur some overhead on mount time, especially when
verifying that lower directory file handles are not stale.
NFS export support, full index and consistency verification will be
implemented by following patches.
Signed-off-by: Amir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>
Document that inode index feature solves breaking hard links on
copy up.
Simplify Kconfig backward compatibility disclaimer.
Signed-off-by: Amir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>
No more print_symbol()/__print_symbol() users left, remove these
symbols.
It was a very old API that encouraged people use continuous lines.
It had been obsoleted by %pS format specifier in a normal printk()
call.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20180105102538.GC471@jagdpanzerIV
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Russell King <linux@armlinux.org.uk>
Cc: Catalin Marinas <catalin.marinas@arm.com>
Cc: Mark Salter <msalter@redhat.com>
Cc: Tony Luck <tony.luck@intel.com>
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Cc: Yoshinori Sato <ysato@users.sourceforge.jp>
Cc: Guan Xuetao <gxt@mprc.pku.edu.cn>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Vineet Gupta <vgupta@synopsys.com>
Cc: Fengguang Wu <fengguang.wu@intel.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: LKML <linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org>
Cc: linux-arm-kernel@lists.infradead.org
Cc: linux-c6x-dev@linux-c6x.org
Cc: linux-ia64@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-am33-list@redhat.com
Cc: linux-sh@vger.kernel.org
Cc: linux-edac@vger.kernel.org
Cc: x86@kernel.org
Cc: linux-snps-arc@lists.infradead.org
Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Suggested-by: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
[pmladek@suse.com: updated commit message]
Signed-off-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
The domain of NILFS project home was changed to "nilfs.sourceforge.io"
to enable https access (the previous domain "nilfs.sourceforge.net" is
redirected to the new one). Modify URLs of the project home to reflect
this change and to replace their protocol from http to https.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1515416141-5614-1-git-send-email-konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jp
Signed-off-by: Ryusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Document that encryption reduces the maximum length of a symlink target
slightly.
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
The grpid option is currently described as being the same as nogrpid.
Signed-off-by: Ernesto A. Fernández <ernesto.mnd.fernandez@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: stable@vger.kernel.org
This link is replicated in most filesystems' config stanzas. Referring
to an archived version of that site is pointless as it mostly deals with
patches; user documentation is available elsewhere.
Signed-off-by: Adam Borowski <kilobyte@angband.pl>
CC: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Reviewed-by: Darrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Acked-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Dave Kleikamp <dave.kleikamp@oracle.com>
Acked-by: David Sterba <dsterba@suse.com>
Acked-by: "Yan, Zheng" <zyan@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Acked-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Steve French <smfrench@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
The original purpose of the per-superblock d_anon list was to
keep disconnected dentries in the cache between consecutive
requests to the NFS server. Dentries can be disconnected if
a client holds a file open and repeatedly performs IO on it,
and if the server drops the dentry, whether due to memory
pressure, server restart, or "echo 3 > /proc/sys/vm/drop_caches".
This purpose was thwarted by commit 75a6f82a0d ("freeing unlinked
file indefinitely delayed") which caused disconnected dentries
to be freed as soon as their refcount reached zero.
This means that, when a dentry being used by nfsd gets disconnected, a
new one needs to be allocated for every request (unless requests
overlap). As the dentry has no name, no parent, and no children,
there is little of value to cache. As small memory allocations are
typically fast (from per-cpu free lists) this likely has little cost.
This means that the original purpose of s_anon is no longer relevant:
there is no longer any need to keep disconnected dentries on a list so
they appear to be hashed.
However, s_anon now has a new use. When you mount an NFS filesystem,
the dentry stored in s_root is just a placebo. The "real" root dentry
is allocated using d_obtain_root() and so it kept on the s_anon list.
I don't know the reason for this, but suspect it related to NFSv4
where a mount of "server:/some/path" require NFS to look up the root
filehandle on the server, then walk down "/some" and "/path" to get
the filehandle to mount.
Whatever the reason, NFS depends on the s_anon list and on
shrink_dcache_for_umount() pruning all dentries on this list. So we
cannot simply remove s_anon.
We could just leave the code unchanged, but apart from that being
potentially confusing, the (unfair) bit-spin-lock which protects
s_anon can become a bottle neck when lots of disconnected dentries are
being created.
So this patch renames s_anon to s_roots, and stops storing
disconnected dentries on the list. Only dentries obtained with
d_obtain_root() are now stored on this list. There are many fewer of
these (only NFS and NILFS2 use the call, and only during filesystem
mount) so contention on the bit-lock will not be a problem.
Possibly an alternate solution should be found for NFS and NILFS2, but
that would require understanding their needs first.
Signed-off-by: NeilBrown <neilb@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
All non-historic operating systems support the full range of Unicode here,
thus you can make filenames for example in Gothic (𐌼𐌴𐍉𐍅), the other Gothic
(𝓂ℯℴ𝓌) or the third Gothic (𝗆𝖾𝗈𝗐), or declare something as 💩.
Characters above U+FFFF are encoded on four bytes.
Signed-off-by: Adam Borowski <kilobyte@angband.pl>
Acked-by: OGAWA Hirofumi <hirofumi@mail.parknet.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Overlayfs is following redirects even when redirects are disabled. If this
is unintentional (probably the majority of cases) then this can be a
problem. E.g. upper layer comes from untrusted USB drive, and attacker
crafts a redirect to enable read access to otherwise unreadable
directories.
If "redirect_dir=off", then turn off following as well as creation of
redirects. If "redirect_dir=follow", then turn on following, but turn off
creation of redirects (which is what "redirect_dir=off" does now).
This is a backward incompatible change, so make it dependent on a config
option.
Reported-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>
Right now there is no convenient way to check if a process is being
coredumped at the moment.
It might be necessary to recognize such state to prevent killing the
process and getting a broken coredump. Writing a large core might take
significant time, and the process is unresponsive during it, so it might
be killed by timeout, if another process is monitoring and
killing/restarting hanging tasks.
We're getting a significant number of corrupted coredump files on
machines in our fleet, just because processes are being killed by
timeout in the middle of the core writing process.
We do have a process health check, and some agent is responsible for
restarting processes which are not responding for health check requests.
Writing a large coredump to the disk can easily exceed the reasonable
timeout (especially on an overloaded machine).
This flag will allow the agent to distinguish processes which are being
coredumped, extend the timeout for them, and let them produce a full
coredump file.
To provide an ability to detect if a process is in the state of being
coredumped, we can expose a boolean CoreDumping flag in
/proc/pid/status.
Example:
$ cat core.sh
#!/bin/sh
echo "|/usr/bin/sleep 10" > /proc/sys/kernel/core_pattern
sleep 1000 &
PID=$!
cat /proc/$PID/status | grep CoreDumping
kill -ABRT $PID
sleep 1
cat /proc/$PID/status | grep CoreDumping
$ ./core.sh
CoreDumping: 0
CoreDumping: 1
[guro@fb.com: document CoreDumping flag in /proc/<pid>/status]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170928135357.GA8470@castle.DHCP.thefacebook.com
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170920230634.31572-1-guro@fb.com
Signed-off-by: Roman Gushchin <guro@fb.com>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pull cramfs updates from Al Viro:
"Nicolas Pitre's cramfs work"
* 'work.cramfs' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
cramfs: rehabilitate it
cramfs: add mmap support
cramfs: implement uncompressed and arbitrary data block positioning
cramfs: direct memory access support
Pull misc vfs updates from Al Viro:
"Assorted stuff, really no common topic here"
* 'work.misc' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
vfs: grab the lock instead of blocking in __fd_install during resizing
vfs: stop clearing close on exec when closing a fd
include/linux/fs.h: fix comment about struct address_space
fs: make fiemap work from compat_ioctl
coda: fix 'kernel memory exposure attempt' in fsync
pstore: remove unneeded unlikely()
vfs: remove unneeded unlikely()
stubs for mount_bdev() and kill_block_super() in !CONFIG_BLOCK case
make vfs_ustat() static
do_handle_open() should be static
elf_fdpic: fix unused variable warning
fold destroy_super() into __put_super()
new helper: destroy_unused_super()
fix address space warnings in ipc/
acct.h: get rid of detritus
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Merge tag 'afs-next-20171113' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dhowells/linux-fs
Pull AFS updates from David Howells:
"kAFS filesystem driver overhaul.
The major points of the overhaul are:
(1) Preliminary groundwork is laid for supporting network-namespacing
of kAFS. The remainder of the namespacing work requires some way
to pass namespace information to submounts triggered by an
automount. This requires something like the mount overhaul that's
in progress.
(2) sockaddr_rxrpc is used in preference to in_addr for holding
addresses internally and add support for talking to the YFS VL
server. With this, kAFS can do everything over IPv6 as well as
IPv4 if it's talking to servers that support it.
(3) Callback handling is overhauled to be generally passive rather
than active. 'Callbacks' are promises by the server to tell us
about data and metadata changes. Callbacks are now checked when
we next touch an inode rather than actively going and looking for
it where possible.
(4) File access permit caching is overhauled to store the caching
information per-inode rather than per-directory, shared over
subordinate files. Whilst older AFS servers only allow ACLs on
directories (shared to the files in that directory), newer AFS
servers break that restriction.
To improve memory usage and to make it easier to do mass-key
removal, permit combinations are cached and shared.
(5) Cell database management is overhauled to allow lighter locks to
be used and to make cell records autonomous state machines that
look after getting their own DNS records and cleaning themselves
up, in particular preventing races in acquiring and relinquishing
the fscache token for the cell.
(6) Volume caching is overhauled. The afs_vlocation record is got rid
of to simplify things and the superblock is now keyed on the cell
and the numeric volume ID only. The volume record is tied to a
superblock and normal superblock management is used to mediate
the lifetime of the volume fscache token.
(7) File server record caching is overhauled to make server records
independent of cells and volumes. A server can be in multiple
cells (in such a case, the administrator must make sure that the
VL services for all cells correctly reflect the volumes shared
between those cells).
Server records are now indexed using the UUID of the server
rather than the address since a server can have multiple
addresses.
(8) File server rotation is overhauled to handle VMOVED, VBUSY (and
similar), VOFFLINE and VNOVOL indications and to handle rotation
both of servers and addresses of those servers. The rotation will
also wait and retry if the server says it is busy.
(9) Data writeback is overhauled. Each inode no longer stores a list
of modified sections tagged with the key that authorised it in
favour of noting the modified region of a page in page->private
and storing a list of keys that made modifications in the inode.
This simplifies things and allows other keys to be used to
actually write to the server if a key that made a modification
becomes useless.
(10) Writable mmap() is implemented. This allows a kernel to be build
entirely on AFS.
Note that Pre AFS-3.4 servers are no longer supported, though this can
be added back if necessary (AFS-3.4 was released in 1998)"
* tag 'afs-next-20171113' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dhowells/linux-fs: (35 commits)
afs: Protect call->state changes against signals
afs: Trace page dirty/clean
afs: Implement shared-writeable mmap
afs: Get rid of the afs_writeback record
afs: Introduce a file-private data record
afs: Use a dynamic port if 7001 is in use
afs: Fix directory read/modify race
afs: Trace the sending of pages
afs: Trace the initiation and completion of client calls
afs: Fix documentation on # vs % prefix in mount source specification
afs: Fix total-length calculation for multiple-page send
afs: Only progress call state at end of Tx phase from rxrpc callback
afs: Make use of the YFS service upgrade to fully support IPv6
afs: Overhaul volume and server record caching and fileserver rotation
afs: Move server rotation code into its own file
afs: Add an address list concept
afs: Overhaul cell database management
afs: Overhaul permit caching
afs: Overhaul the callback handling
afs: Rename struct afs_call server member to cm_server
...
Currently, we account page tables separately for each page table level,
but that's redundant -- we only make use of total memory allocated to
page tables for oom_badness calculation. We also provide the
information to userspace, but it has dubious value there too.
This patch switches page table accounting to single counter.
mm->pgtables_bytes is now used to account all page table levels. We use
bytes, because page table size for different levels of page table tree
may be different.
The change has user-visible effect: we don't have VmPMD and VmPUD
reported in /proc/[pid]/status. Not sure if anybody uses them. (As
alternative, we can always report 0 kB for them.)
OOM-killer report is also slightly changed: we now report pgtables_bytes
instead of nr_ptes, nr_pmd, nr_puds.
Apart from reducing number of counters per-mm, the benefit is that we
now calculate oom_badness() more correctly for machines which have
different size of page tables depending on level or where page tables
are less than a page in size.
The only downside can be debuggability because we do not know which page
table level could leak. But I do not remember many bugs that would be
caught by separate counters so I wouldn't lose sleep over this.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix mm/huge_memory.c]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171006100651.44742-2-kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
[kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com: fix build]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20171016150113.ikfxy3e7zzfvsr4w@black.fi.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pull quota, ext2, isofs and udf fixes from Jan Kara:
- two small quota error handling fixes
- two isofs fixes for architectures with signed char
- several udf block number overflow and signedness fixes
- ext2 rework of mount option handling to avoid GFP_KERNEL allocation
with spinlock held
- ... it also contains a patch to implement auditing of responses to
fanotify permission events. That should have been in the fanotify
pull request but I mistakenly merged that patch into a wrong branch
and noticed only now at which point I don't think it's worth rebasing
and redoing.
* 'for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jack/linux-fs:
quota: be aware of error from dquot_initialize
quota: fix potential infinite loop
isofs: use unsigned char types consistently
isofs: fix timestamps beyond 2027
udf: Fix some sign-conversion warnings
udf: Fix signed/unsigned format specifiers
udf: Fix 64-bit sign extension issues affecting blocks > 0x7FFFFFFF
udf: Remove some outdate references from documentation
udf: Avoid overflow when session starts at large offset
ext2: Fix possible sleep in atomic during mount option parsing
ext2: Parse mount options into a dedicated structure
audit: Record fanotify access control decisions
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Merge tag 'fscrypt-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/fscrypt
Pull fscrypt updates from Ted Ts'o:
"Lots of cleanups, mostly courtesy by Eric Biggers"
* tag 'fscrypt-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/fscrypt:
fscrypt: lock mutex before checking for bounce page pool
fscrypt: add a documentation file for filesystem-level encryption
ext4: switch to fscrypt_prepare_setattr()
ext4: switch to fscrypt_prepare_lookup()
ext4: switch to fscrypt_prepare_rename()
ext4: switch to fscrypt_prepare_link()
ext4: switch to fscrypt_file_open()
fscrypt: new helper function - fscrypt_prepare_setattr()
fscrypt: new helper function - fscrypt_prepare_lookup()
fscrypt: new helper function - fscrypt_prepare_rename()
fscrypt: new helper function - fscrypt_prepare_link()
fscrypt: new helper function - fscrypt_file_open()
fscrypt: new helper function - fscrypt_require_key()
fscrypt: remove unneeded empty fscrypt_operations structs
fscrypt: remove ->is_encrypted()
fscrypt: switch from ->is_encrypted() to IS_ENCRYPTED()
fs, fscrypt: add an S_ENCRYPTED inode flag
fscrypt: clean up include file mess
Pull core locking updates from Ingo Molnar:
"The main changes in this cycle are:
- Another attempt at enabling cross-release lockdep dependency
tracking (automatically part of CONFIG_PROVE_LOCKING=y), this time
with better performance and fewer false positives. (Byungchul Park)
- Introduce lockdep_assert_irqs_enabled()/disabled() and convert
open-coded equivalents to lockdep variants. (Frederic Weisbecker)
- Add down_read_killable() and use it in the VFS's iterate_dir()
method. (Kirill Tkhai)
- Convert remaining uses of ACCESS_ONCE() to
READ_ONCE()/WRITE_ONCE(). Most of the conversion was Coccinelle
driven. (Mark Rutland, Paul E. McKenney)
- Get rid of lockless_dereference(), by strengthening Alpha atomics,
strengthening READ_ONCE() with smp_read_barrier_depends() and thus
being able to convert users of lockless_dereference() to
READ_ONCE(). (Will Deacon)
- Various micro-optimizations:
- better PV qspinlocks (Waiman Long),
- better x86 barriers (Michael S. Tsirkin)
- better x86 refcounts (Kees Cook)
- ... plus other fixes and enhancements. (Borislav Petkov, Juergen
Gross, Miguel Bernal Marin)"
* 'locking-core-for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (70 commits)
locking/x86: Use LOCK ADD for smp_mb() instead of MFENCE
rcu: Use lockdep to assert IRQs are disabled/enabled
netpoll: Use lockdep to assert IRQs are disabled/enabled
timers/posix-cpu-timers: Use lockdep to assert IRQs are disabled/enabled
sched/clock, sched/cputime: Use lockdep to assert IRQs are disabled/enabled
irq_work: Use lockdep to assert IRQs are disabled/enabled
irq/timings: Use lockdep to assert IRQs are disabled/enabled
perf/core: Use lockdep to assert IRQs are disabled/enabled
x86: Use lockdep to assert IRQs are disabled/enabled
smp/core: Use lockdep to assert IRQs are disabled/enabled
timers/hrtimer: Use lockdep to assert IRQs are disabled/enabled
timers/nohz: Use lockdep to assert IRQs are disabled/enabled
workqueue: Use lockdep to assert IRQs are disabled/enabled
irq/softirqs: Use lockdep to assert IRQs are disabled/enabled
locking/lockdep: Add IRQs disabled/enabled assertion APIs: lockdep_assert_irqs_enabled()/disabled()
locking/pvqspinlock: Implement hybrid PV queued/unfair locks
locking/rwlocks: Fix comments
x86/paravirt: Set up the virt_spin_lock_key after static keys get initialized
block, locking/lockdep: Assign a lock_class per gendisk used for wait_for_completion()
workqueue: Remove now redundant lock acquisitions wrt. workqueue flushes
...
- The old driver statement has been added to the kernel docs.
- We have a couple of new helper scripts. find-unused-docs.sh from Sayli
Karnic will point out kerneldoc comments that are not actually used in
the documentation. Jani Nikula's documentation-file-ref-check finds
references to non-existing files.
- A new ftrace document from Steve Rostedt.
- Vinod Koul converted the dmaengine docs to RST
Beyond that, it's mostly simple fixes.
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Merge tag 'docs-4.15' of git://git.lwn.net/linux
Pull documentation updates from Jonathan Corbet:
"A relatively calm cycle for the docs tree again.
- The old driver statement has been added to the kernel docs.
- We have a couple of new helper scripts. find-unused-docs.sh from
Sayli Karnic will point out kerneldoc comments that are not actually
used in the documentation. Jani Nikula's
documentation-file-ref-check finds references to non-existing files.
- A new ftrace document from Steve Rostedt.
- Vinod Koul converted the dmaengine docs to RST
Beyond that, it's mostly simple fixes.
This set reaches outside of Documentation/ a bit more than most. In
all cases, the changes are to comment docs, mostly from Randy, in
places where there didn't seem to be anybody better to take them"
* tag 'docs-4.15' of git://git.lwn.net/linux: (52 commits)
documentation: fb: update list of available compiled-in fonts
MAINTAINERS: update DMAengine documentation location
dmaengine: doc: ReSTize pxa_dma doc
dmaengine: doc: ReSTize dmatest doc
dmaengine: doc: ReSTize client API doc
dmaengine: doc: ReSTize provider doc
dmaengine: doc: Add ReST style dmaengine document
ftrace/docs: Add documentation on how to use ftrace from within the kernel
bug-hunting.rst: Fix an example and a typo in a Sphinx tag
scripts: Add a script to find unused documentation
samples: Convert timers to use timer_setup()
documentation: kernel-api: add more info on bitmap functions
Documentation: fix selftests related file refs
Documentation: fix ref to power basic-pm-debugging
Documentation: fix ref to trace stm content
Documentation: fix ref to coccinelle content
Documentation: fix ref to workqueue content
Documentation: fix ref to sphinx/kerneldoc.py
Documentation: fix locking rt-mutex doc refs
docs: dev-tools: correct Coccinelle version number
...
The documentation that describes the #-prefix and the %-prefix used when
specifying the source to mount is has the descriptions the wrong way
round. Switch them over.
Reported-by: Marc Dionne <marc.dionne@auristor.com>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Explicit locking in the fallback case provides a safe state of the
table. Getting rid of blocking semantics makes __fd_install usable
again in non-sleepable contexts, which easies backporting efforts.
There is a side effect of slightly nicer assembly for the common case
as might_sleep can now be removed.
Signed-off-by: Mateusz Guzik <mguzik@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Perhaps long overdue, add a documentation file for filesystem-level
encryption, a.k.a. fscrypt or fs/crypto/, to the Documentation
directory. The new file is based loosely on the latest version of the
"EXT4 Encryption Design Document (public version)" Google Doc, but with
many improvements made, including:
- Reflect the reality that it is not specific to ext4 anymore.
- More thoroughly document the design and user-visible API/behavior.
- Replace outdated information, such as the outdated explanation of how
encrypted filenames are hashed for indexed directories and how
encrypted filenames are presented to userspace without the key.
(This was changed just before release.)
For now the focus is on the design and user-visible API/behavior, not on
how to add encryption support to a filesystem --- since the internal API
is still pretty messy and any standalone documentation for it would
become outdated as things get refactored over time.
Reviewed-by: Michael Halcrow <mhalcrow@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
For several reasons, it is desirable to use {READ,WRITE}_ONCE() in
preference to ACCESS_ONCE(), and new code is expected to use one of the
former. So far, there's been no reason to change most existing uses of
ACCESS_ONCE(), as these aren't currently harmful.
However, for some features it is necessary to instrument reads and
writes separately, which is not possible with ACCESS_ONCE(). This
distinction is critical to correct operation.
It's possible to transform the bulk of kernel code using the Coccinelle
script below. However, this doesn't handle documentation, leaving
references to ACCESS_ONCE() instances which have been removed. As a
preparatory step, this patch converts the filesystems documentation to
use {READ,WRITE}_ONCE() consistently.
----
virtual patch
@ depends on patch @
expression E1, E2;
@@
- ACCESS_ONCE(E1) = E2
+ WRITE_ONCE(E1, E2)
@ depends on patch @
expression E;
@@
- ACCESS_ONCE(E)
+ READ_ONCE(E)
----
Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Acked-by: Will Deacon <will.deacon@arm.com>
Acked-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: davem@davemloft.net
Cc: linux-arch@vger.kernel.org
Cc: mpe@ellerman.id.au
Cc: shuah@kernel.org
Cc: snitzer@redhat.com
Cc: thor.thayer@linux.intel.com
Cc: tj@kernel.org
Cc: viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1508792849-3115-14-git-send-email-paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Make refs to selftests files valid including:
- watchdog-test.c
- dnotify_test.c
Signed-off-by: Tom Saeger <tom.saeger@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Remove outdated references to maintainer and mailing list from the
documentation - reference MAINTAINERS instead. Also update reference to
current repository of udf-tools.
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Update documentation, pointer to latest tools, appoint myself as
maintainer. Given it's been unloved for so long, I don't expect anyone
will protest.
Signed-off-by: Nicolas Pitre <nico@linaro.org>
Tested-by: Chris Brandt <chris.brandt@renesas.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Pull overlayfs fixes from Miklos Szeredi:
"Fix a regression in 4.14 and one in 4.13. The latter is a case when
Docker is doing something it really shouldn't and gets away with it.
We now print a warning instead of erroring out.
There are also fixes to several error paths"
* 'overlayfs-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mszeredi/vfs:
ovl: fix regression caused by exclusive upper/work dir protection
ovl: fix missing unlock_rename() in ovl_do_copy_up()
ovl: fix dentry leak in ovl_indexdir_cleanup()
ovl: fix dput() of ERR_PTR in ovl_cleanup_index()
ovl: fix error value printed in ovl_lookup_index()
ovl: fix may_write_real() for overlayfs directories
Enforcing exclusive ownership on upper/work dirs caused a docker
regression: https://github.com/moby/moby/issues/34672.
Euan spotted the regression and pointed to the offending commit.
Vivek has brought the regression to my attention and provided this
reproducer:
Terminal 1:
mount -t overlay -o workdir=work,lowerdir=lower,upperdir=upper none
merged/
Terminal 2:
unshare -m
Terminal 1:
umount merged
mount -t overlay -o workdir=work,lowerdir=lower,upperdir=upper none
merged/
mount: /root/overlay-testing/merged: none already mounted or mount point
busy
To fix the regression, I replaced the error with an alarming warning.
With index feature enabled, mount does fail, but logs a suggestion to
override exclusive dir protection by disabling index.
Note that index=off mount does take the inuse locks, so a concurrent
index=off will issue the warning and a concurrent index=on mount will fail.
Documentation was updated to reflect this change.
Fixes: 2cac0c00a6 ("ovl: get exclusive ownership on upper/work dirs")
Cc: <stable@vger.kernel.org> # v4.13
Reported-by: Euan Kemp <euank@euank.com>
Reported-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Amir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>
Here are a few small fixes for 4.14-rc4.
The removal of DRIVER_ATTR() was almost completed by 4.14-rc1, but one
straggler made it in through some other tree (odds are, one of mine...)
So there's a simple removal of the last user, and then finally the macro
is removed from the tree.
There's a fix for old crazy udev instances that insist on reloading a
module when it is removed from the kernel due to the new uevents for
bind/unbind. This fixes the reported regression, hopefully some year in
the future we can drop the workaround, once users update to the latest
version, but I'm not holding my breath.
And then there's a build fix for a linker warning, and a buffer overflow
fix to match the PCI fixes you took through the PCI tree in the same
area.
All of these have been in linux-next for a few weeks while I've been
traveling, sorry for the delay.
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
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Merge tag 'driver-core-4.14-rc4' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/driver-core
Pull driver core fixes from Greg KH:
"Here are a few small fixes for 4.14-rc4.
The removal of DRIVER_ATTR() was almost completed by 4.14-rc1, but one
straggler made it in through some other tree (odds are, one of
mine...) So there's a simple removal of the last user, and then
finally the macro is removed from the tree.
There's a fix for old crazy udev instances that insist on reloading a
module when it is removed from the kernel due to the new uevents for
bind/unbind. This fixes the reported regression, hopefully some year
in the future we can drop the workaround, once users update to the
latest version, but I'm not holding my breath.
And then there's a build fix for a linker warning, and a buffer
overflow fix to match the PCI fixes you took through the PCI tree in
the same area.
All of these have been in linux-next for a few weeks while I've been
traveling, sorry for the delay"
* tag 'driver-core-4.14-rc4' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/driver-core:
driver core: remove DRIVER_ATTR
fpga: altera-cvp: remove DRIVER_ATTR() usage
driver core: platform: Don't read past the end of "driver_override" buffer
base: arch_topology: fix section mismatch build warnings
driver core: suppress sending MODALIAS in UNBIND uevents
Fix little inconsistencies in Documentation: make case and spacing
match surrounding text.
Signed-off-by: Pavel Machek <pavel@ucw.cz>
Reviewed-by: Darrick J. Wong <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
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Merge tag '4.14-smb3-multidialect-support-and-fixes-for-stable' of git://git.samba.org/sfrench/cifs-2.6
Pull cifs fixes from Steve French:
"Convert default dialect to smb2.1 or later to allow connecting to
Windows 7 for example, also includes some fixes for stable"
* tag '4.14-smb3-multidialect-support-and-fixes-for-stable' of git://git.samba.org/sfrench/cifs-2.6:
Update version of cifs module
cifs: hide unused functions
SMB3: Add support for multidialect negotiate (SMB2.1 and later)
CIFS/SMB3: Update documentation to reflect SMB3 and various changes
cifs: check rsp for NULL before dereferencing in SMB2_open
DRIVER_ATTR is no longer in use, and driver authors should be using
DRIVER_ATTR_RW() or DRIVER_ATTR_RO() or DRIVER_ATTR_WO() instead in
order to always get the permissions correct. So remove it so that no
one can use it anymore.
Acked-by: Alan Tull <atull@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Moritz Fischer <mdf@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
ACL patch, I realized that Orangefs ACL code was busted, not just in the
kernel module, but in the server as well. I've been working on the
code in the server mostly, but here's one kernel patch, there
will be more.
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Merge tag 'for-linus-4.14-ofs2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/hubcap/linux
Pull orangefs updates from Mike Marshall:
"Some cleanups and a big bug fix for ACLs.
When I was reviewing Jan Kara's ACL patch, I realized that Orangefs
ACL code was busted, not just in the kernel module, but in the server
as well. I've been working on the code in the server mostly, but
here's one kernel patch, there will be more"
* tag 'for-linus-4.14-ofs2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/hubcap/linux:
orangefs: Adjust three checks for null pointers
orangefs: Use kcalloc() in orangefs_prepare_cdm_array()
orangefs: Delete error messages for a failed memory allocation in five functions
orangefs: constify xattr_handler structure
orangefs: don't call filemap_write_and_wait from fsync
orangefs: off by ones in xattr size checks
orangefs: documentation clean up
orangefs: react properly to posix_acl_update_mode's aftermath.
orangefs: Don't clear SGID when inheriting ACLs
Pull mount flag updates from Al Viro:
"Another chunk of fmount preparations from dhowells; only trivial
conflicts for that part. It separates MS_... bits (very grotty
mount(2) ABI) from the struct super_block ->s_flags (kernel-internal,
only a small subset of MS_... stuff).
This does *not* convert the filesystems to new constants; only the
infrastructure is done here. The next step in that series is where the
conflicts would be; that's the conversion of filesystems. It's purely
mechanical and it's better done after the merge, so if you could run
something like
list=$(for i in MS_RDONLY MS_NOSUID MS_NODEV MS_NOEXEC MS_SYNCHRONOUS MS_MANDLOCK MS_DIRSYNC MS_NOATIME MS_NODIRATIME MS_SILENT MS_POSIXACL MS_KERNMOUNT MS_I_VERSION MS_LAZYTIME; do git grep -l $i fs drivers/staging/lustre drivers/mtd ipc mm include/linux; done|sort|uniq|grep -v '^fs/namespace.c$')
sed -i -e 's/\<MS_RDONLY\>/SB_RDONLY/g' \
-e 's/\<MS_NOSUID\>/SB_NOSUID/g' \
-e 's/\<MS_NODEV\>/SB_NODEV/g' \
-e 's/\<MS_NOEXEC\>/SB_NOEXEC/g' \
-e 's/\<MS_SYNCHRONOUS\>/SB_SYNCHRONOUS/g' \
-e 's/\<MS_MANDLOCK\>/SB_MANDLOCK/g' \
-e 's/\<MS_DIRSYNC\>/SB_DIRSYNC/g' \
-e 's/\<MS_NOATIME\>/SB_NOATIME/g' \
-e 's/\<MS_NODIRATIME\>/SB_NODIRATIME/g' \
-e 's/\<MS_SILENT\>/SB_SILENT/g' \
-e 's/\<MS_POSIXACL\>/SB_POSIXACL/g' \
-e 's/\<MS_KERNMOUNT\>/SB_KERNMOUNT/g' \
-e 's/\<MS_I_VERSION\>/SB_I_VERSION/g' \
-e 's/\<MS_LAZYTIME\>/SB_LAZYTIME/g' \
$list
and commit it with something along the lines of 'convert filesystems
away from use of MS_... constants' as commit message, it would save a
quite a bit of headache next cycle"
* 'work.mount' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
VFS: Differentiate mount flags (MS_*) from internal superblock flags
VFS: Convert sb->s_flags & MS_RDONLY to sb_rdonly(sb)
vfs: Add sb_rdonly(sb) to query the MS_RDONLY flag on s_flags
Pull overlayfs updates from Miklos Szeredi:
"This fixes d_ino correctness in readdir, which brings overlayfs on par
with normal filesystems regarding inode number semantics, as long as
all layers are on the same filesystem.
There are also some bug fixes, one in particular (random ioctl's
shouldn't be able to modify lower layers) that touches some vfs code,
but of course no-op for non-overlay fs"
* 'overlayfs-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mszeredi/vfs:
ovl: fix false positive ESTALE on lookup
ovl: don't allow writing ioctl on lower layer
ovl: fix relatime for directories
vfs: add flags to d_real()
ovl: cleanup d_real for negative
ovl: constant d_ino for non-merge dirs
ovl: constant d_ino across copy up
ovl: fix readdir error value
ovl: check snprintf return
In this round, we've mostly tuned f2fs to provide better user experience
for Android. Especially, we've worked on atomic write feature again with
SQLite community in order to support it officially. And we added or modified
several facilities to analyze and enhance IO behaviors.
Major changes include:
- add app/fs io stat
- add inode checksum feature
- support project/journalled quota
- enhance atomic write with new ioctl() which exposes feature set
- enhance background gc/discard/fstrim flows with new gc_urgent mode
- add F2FS_IOC_FS{GET,SET}XATTR
- fix some quota flows
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Merge tag 'f2fs-for-4.14' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs
Pull f2fs updates from Jaegeuk Kim:
"In this round, we've mostly tuned f2fs to provide better user
experience for Android. Especially, we've worked on atomic write
feature again with SQLite community in order to support it officially.
And we added or modified several facilities to analyze and enhance IO
behaviors.
Major changes include:
- add app/fs io stat
- add inode checksum feature
- support project/journalled quota
- enhance atomic write with new ioctl() which exposes feature set
- enhance background gc/discard/fstrim flows with new gc_urgent mode
- add F2FS_IOC_FS{GET,SET}XATTR
- fix some quota flows"
* tag 'f2fs-for-4.14' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs: (63 commits)
f2fs: hurry up to issue discard after io interruption
f2fs: fix to show correct discard_granularity in sysfs
f2fs: detect dirty inode in evict_inode
f2fs: clear radix tree dirty tag of pages whose dirty flag is cleared
f2fs: speed up gc_urgent mode with SSR
f2fs: better to wait for fstrim completion
f2fs: avoid race in between read xattr & write xattr
f2fs: make get_lock_data_page to handle encrypted inode
f2fs: use generic terms used for encrypted block management
f2fs: introduce f2fs_encrypted_file for clean-up
Revert "f2fs: add a new function get_ssr_cost"
f2fs: constify super_operations
f2fs: fix to wake up all sleeping flusher
f2fs: avoid race in between atomic_read & atomic_inc
f2fs: remove unneeded parameter of change_curseg
f2fs: update i_flags correctly
f2fs: don't check inode's checksum if it was dirtied or writebacked
f2fs: don't need to update inode checksum for recovery
f2fs: trigger fdatasync for non-atomic_write file
f2fs: fix to avoid race in between aio and gc
...
Patch series "Ranged pagevec lookup", v2.
In this series I make pagevec_lookup() update the index (to be
consistent with pagevec_lookup_tag() and also as a preparation for
ranged lookups), provide ranged variant of pagevec_lookup() and use it
in places where it makes sense. This not only removes some common code
but is also a measurable performance win for some use cases (see patch
4/10) where radix tree is sparse and searching & grabing of a page after
the end of the range has measurable overhead.
This patch (of 10):
The callback doesn't ever get called. Remove it.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170726114704.7626-2-jack@suse.cz
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When servicing mmap() reads from file holes the current DAX code
allocates a page cache page of all zeroes and places the struct page
pointer in the mapping->page_tree radix tree.
This has three major drawbacks:
1) It consumes memory unnecessarily. For every 4k page that is read via
a DAX mmap() over a hole, we allocate a new page cache page. This
means that if you read 1GiB worth of pages, you end up using 1GiB of
zeroed memory. This is easily visible by looking at the overall
memory consumption of the system or by looking at /proc/[pid]/smaps:
7f62e72b3000-7f63272b3000 rw-s 00000000 103:00 12 /root/dax/data
Size: 1048576 kB
Rss: 1048576 kB
Pss: 1048576 kB
Shared_Clean: 0 kB
Shared_Dirty: 0 kB
Private_Clean: 1048576 kB
Private_Dirty: 0 kB
Referenced: 1048576 kB
Anonymous: 0 kB
LazyFree: 0 kB
AnonHugePages: 0 kB
ShmemPmdMapped: 0 kB
Shared_Hugetlb: 0 kB
Private_Hugetlb: 0 kB
Swap: 0 kB
SwapPss: 0 kB
KernelPageSize: 4 kB
MMUPageSize: 4 kB
Locked: 0 kB
2) It is slower than using a common zero page because each page fault
has more work to do. Instead of just inserting a common zero page we
have to allocate a page cache page, zero it, and then insert it. Here
are the average latencies of dax_load_hole() as measured by ftrace on
a random test box:
Old method, using zeroed page cache pages: 3.4 us
New method, using the common 4k zero page: 0.8 us
This was the average latency over 1 GiB of sequential reads done by
this simple fio script:
[global]
size=1G
filename=/root/dax/data
fallocate=none
[io]
rw=read
ioengine=mmap
3) The fact that we had to check for both DAX exceptional entries and
for page cache pages in the radix tree made the DAX code more
complex.
Solve these issues by following the lead of the DAX PMD code and using a
common 4k zero page instead. As with the PMD code we will now insert a
DAX exceptional entry into the radix tree instead of a struct page
pointer which allows us to remove all the special casing in the DAX
code.
Note that we do still pretty aggressively check for regular pages in the
DAX radix tree, especially where we take action based on the bits set in
the page. If we ever find a regular page in our radix tree now that
most likely means that someone besides DAX is inserting pages (which has
happened lots of times in the past), and we want to find that out early
and fail loudly.
This solution also removes the extra memory consumption. Here is that
same /proc/[pid]/smaps after 1GiB of reading from a hole with the new
code:
7f2054a74000-7f2094a74000 rw-s 00000000 103:00 12 /root/dax/data
Size: 1048576 kB
Rss: 0 kB
Pss: 0 kB
Shared_Clean: 0 kB
Shared_Dirty: 0 kB
Private_Clean: 0 kB
Private_Dirty: 0 kB
Referenced: 0 kB
Anonymous: 0 kB
LazyFree: 0 kB
AnonHugePages: 0 kB
ShmemPmdMapped: 0 kB
Shared_Hugetlb: 0 kB
Private_Hugetlb: 0 kB
Swap: 0 kB
SwapPss: 0 kB
KernelPageSize: 4 kB
MMUPageSize: 4 kB
Locked: 0 kB
Overall system memory consumption is similarly improved.
Another major change is that we remove dax_pfn_mkwrite() from our fault
flow, and instead rely on the page fault itself to make the PTE dirty
and writeable. The following description from the patch adding the
vm_insert_mixed_mkwrite() call explains this a little more:
"To be able to use the common 4k zero page in DAX we need to have our
PTE fault path look more like our PMD fault path where a PTE entry
can be marked as dirty and writeable as it is first inserted rather
than waiting for a follow-up dax_pfn_mkwrite() =>
finish_mkwrite_fault() call.
Right now we can rely on having a dax_pfn_mkwrite() call because we
can distinguish between these two cases in do_wp_page():
case 1: 4k zero page => writable DAX storage
case 2: read-only DAX storage => writeable DAX storage
This distinction is made by via vm_normal_page(). vm_normal_page()
returns false for the common 4k zero page, though, just as it does
for DAX ptes. Instead of special casing the DAX + 4k zero page case
we will simplify our DAX PTE page fault sequence so that it matches
our DAX PMD sequence, and get rid of the dax_pfn_mkwrite() helper.
We will instead use dax_iomap_fault() to handle write-protection
faults.
This means that insert_pfn() needs to follow the lead of
insert_pfn_pmd() and allow us to pass in a 'mkwrite' flag. If
'mkwrite' is set insert_pfn() will do the work that was previously
done by wp_page_reuse() as part of the dax_pfn_mkwrite() call path"
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170724170616.25810-4-ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: "Darrick J. Wong" <darrick.wong@oracle.com>
Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Andreas Dilger <adilger.kernel@dilger.ca>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Ingo Molnar <mingo@redhat.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Matthew Wilcox <mawilcox@microsoft.com>
Cc: Steven Rostedt <rostedt@goodmis.org>
Cc: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Currently there are no ->swap_{in,out} method in address_space_operations
sructure definition, so the statement that anything is going to be proxied
through them is wrong.
Signed-off-by: Nikolay Borisov <nborisov@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
This patch supports to enable f2fs to accept quota information through
mount option:
- {usr,grp,prj}jquota=<quota file path>
- jqfmt=<quota type>
Then, in ->mount flow, we can recover quota file during log replaying,
by this, journelled quota can be supported.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
[Jaegeuk Kim: Fix wrong return values.]
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch adds a sysfs entry to control urgent mode for background GC.
If this is set, background GC thread conducts GC with gc_urgent_sleep_time
all the time.
Reviewed-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
Differentiate the MS_* flags passed to mount(2) from the internal flags set
in the super_block's s_flags. s_flags are now called SB_*, with the names
and the values for the moment mirroring the MS_* flags that they're
equivalent to.
In this patch, just the headers are altered and some kernel code where
blind automated conversion isn't necessarily correct.
Note that this shows up some interesting issues:
(1) Some MS_* flags get translated to MNT_* flags (such as MS_NODEV ->
MNT_NODEV) without passing this on to the filesystem, but some
filesystems set such flags anyway.
(2) The ->remount_fs() methods of some filesystems adjust the *flags
argument by setting MS_* flags in it, such as MS_NOATIME - but these
flags are then scrubbed by do_remount_sb() (only the occupants of
MS_RMT_MASK are permitted: MS_RDONLY, MS_SYNCHRONOUS, MS_MANDLOCK,
MS_I_VERSION and MS_LAZYTIME)
I'm not sure what's the best way to solve all these cases.
Suggested-by: Al Viro <viro@ZenIV.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Pull ->s_options removal from Al Viro:
"Preparations for fsmount/fsopen stuff (coming next cycle). Everything
gets moved to explicit ->show_options(), killing ->s_options off +
some cosmetic bits around fs/namespace.c and friends. Basically, the
stuff needed to work with fsmount series with minimum of conflicts
with other work.
It's not strictly required for this merge window, but it would reduce
the PITA during the coming cycle, so it would be nice to have those
bits and pieces out of the way"
* 'work.mount' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
isofs: Fix isofs_show_options()
VFS: Kill off s_options and helpers
orangefs: Implement show_options
9p: Implement show_options
isofs: Implement show_options
afs: Implement show_options
affs: Implement show_options
befs: Implement show_options
spufs: Implement show_options
bpf: Implement show_options
ramfs: Implement show_options
pstore: Implement show_options
omfs: Implement show_options
hugetlbfs: Implement show_options
VFS: Don't use save/replace_mount_options if not using generic_show_options
VFS: Provide empty name qstr
VFS: Make get_filesystem() return the affected filesystem
VFS: Clean up whitespace in fs/namespace.c and fs/super.c
Provide a function to create a NUL-terminated string from unterminated data
Since it is possbile to have same number in tfd field (say file added,
closed, then nother file dup'ed to same number and added back) it is
imposible to distinguish such target files solely by their numbers.
Strictly speaking regular applications don't need to recognize these
targets at all but for checkpoint/restore sake we need to collect
targets to be able to push them back on restore stage in a proper order.
Thus lets add file position, inode and device number where this target
lays. This three fields can be used as a primary key for sorting, and
together with kcmp help CRIU can find out an exact file target (from the
whole set of processes being checkpointed).
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170424154423.436491881@gmail.com
Signed-off-by: Cyrill Gorcunov <gorcunov@openvz.org>
Acked-by: Andrei Vagin <avagin@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Pavel Emelyanov <xemul@virtuozzo.com>
Cc: Michael Kerrisk <mtk.manpages@gmail.com>
Cc: Jason Baron <jbaron@akamai.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pull overlayfs updates from Miklos Szeredi:
"This work from Amir introduces the inodes index feature, which
provides:
- hardlinks are not broken on copy up
- infrastructure for overlayfs NFS export
This also fixes constant st_ino for samefs case for lower hardlinks"
* 'overlayfs-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mszeredi/vfs: (33 commits)
ovl: mark parent impure and restore timestamp on ovl_link_up()
ovl: document copying layers restrictions with inodes index
ovl: cleanup orphan index entries
ovl: persistent overlay inode nlink for indexed inodes
ovl: implement index dir copy up
ovl: move copy up lock out
ovl: rearrange copy up
ovl: add flag for upper in ovl_entry
ovl: use struct copy_up_ctx as function argument
ovl: base tmpfile in workdir too
ovl: factor out ovl_copy_up_inode() helper
ovl: extract helper to get temp file in copy up
ovl: defer upper dir lock to tempfile link
ovl: hash overlay non-dir inodes by copy up origin
ovl: cleanup bad and stale index entries on mount
ovl: lookup index entry for copy up origin
ovl: verify index dir matches upper dir
ovl: verify upper root dir matches lower root dir
ovl: introduce the inodes index dir feature
ovl: generalize ovl_create_workdir()
...
Kill off s_options, save/replace_mount_options() and generic_show_options()
as all filesystems now implement ->show_options() for themselves. This
should make it easier to implement a context-based mount where the mount
options can be passed individually over a file descriptor.
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
In this round, we've added new features such as disk quota and statx, and
modified internal bio management flow to merge more IOs depending on block
types. We've also made internal threads freezeable for Android battery life.
In addition to them, there are some patches to avoid lock contention as well
as a couple of deadlock conditions.
= Enhancement
- support usrquota, grpquota, and statx
- manage DATA/NODE typed bios separately to serialize more IOs
- modify f2fs_lock_op/wio_mutex to avoid lock contention
- prevent lock contention in migratepage
= Bug fix
- miss to load written inode flag
- fix worst case victim selection in GC
- freezeable GC and discard threads for Android battery life
- sanitize f2fs metadata to deal with security hole
- clean up sysfs-related code and docs
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Merge tag 'for-f2fs-4.13' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs
Pull f2fs updates from Jaegeuk Kim:
"In this round, we've added new features such as disk quota and statx,
and modified internal bio management flow to merge more IOs depending
on block types. We've also made internal threads freezeable for
Android battery life. In addition to them, there are some patches to
avoid lock contention as well as a couple of deadlock conditions.
Enhancements:
- support usrquota, grpquota, and statx
- manage DATA/NODE typed bios separately to serialize more IOs
- modify f2fs_lock_op/wio_mutex to avoid lock contention
- prevent lock contention in migratepage
Bug fixes:
- fix missing load of written inode flag
- fix worst case victim selection in GC
- freezeable GC and discard threads for Android battery life
- sanitize f2fs metadata to deal with security hole
- clean up sysfs-related code and docs"
* tag 'for-f2fs-4.13' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs: (59 commits)
f2fs: support plain user/group quota
f2fs: avoid deadlock caused by lock order of page and lock_op
f2fs: use spin_{,un}lock_irq{save,restore}
f2fs: relax migratepage for atomic written page
f2fs: don't count inode block in in-memory inode.i_blocks
Revert "f2fs: fix to clean previous mount option when remount_fs"
f2fs: do not set LOST_PINO for renamed dir
f2fs: do not set LOST_PINO for newly created dir
f2fs: skip ->writepages for {mete,node}_inode during recovery
f2fs: introduce __check_sit_bitmap
f2fs: stop gc/discard thread in prior during umount
f2fs: introduce reserved_blocks in sysfs
f2fs: avoid redundant f2fs_flush after remount
f2fs: report # of free inodes more precisely
f2fs: add ioctl to do gc with target block address
f2fs: don't need to check encrypted inode for partial truncation
f2fs: measure inode.i_blocks as generic filesystem
f2fs: set CP_TRIMMED_FLAG correctly
f2fs: require key for truncate(2) of encrypted file
f2fs: move sysfs code from super.c to fs/f2fs/sysfs.c
...
Commit ac6424b981 ("sched/wait: Rename wait_queue_t =>
wait_queue_entry_t") had scripted the renaming incorrectly, and didn't
actually check that the 'wait_queue_t' was a full token.
As a result, it also triggered on 'wait_queue_token', and renamed that
to 'wait_queue_entry_token' entry in the autofs4 packet structure
definition too. That was entirely incorrect, and not intended.
The end result built fine when building just the kernel - because
everything had been renamed consistently there - but caused problems in
user space because the "struct autofs_packet_missing" type is exported
as part of the uapi.
This scripts it all back again:
git grep -lw wait_queue_entry_token |
xargs sed -i 's/wait_queue_entry_token/wait_queue_token/g'
and checks the end result.
Reported-by: Florian Fainelli <f.fainelli@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Fixes: ac6424b981 ("sched/wait: Rename wait_queue_t => wait_queue_entry_t")
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This patch adds to support plain user/group quota.
Change Note by Jaegeuk Kim.
- Use f2fs page cache for quota files in order to consider garbage collection.
so, quota files are not tolerable for sudden power-cuts, so user needs to do
quotacheck.
- setattr() calls dquot_transfer which will transfer inode->i_blocks.
We can't reclaim that during f2fs_evict_inode(). So, we need to count
node blocks as well in order to match i_blocks with dquot's space.
Note that, Chao wrote a patch to count inode->i_blocks without inode block.
(f2fs: don't count inode block in in-memory inode.i_blocks)
- in f2fs_remount, we need to make RW in prior to dquot_resume.
- handle fault_injection case during f2fs_quota_off_umount
- TODO: Project quota
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
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Merge tag 'for-linus-v4.13-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jlayton/linux
Pull Writeback error handling updates from Jeff Layton:
"This pile represents the bulk of the writeback error handling fixes
that I have for this cycle. Some of the earlier patches in this pile
may look trivial but they are prerequisites for later patches in the
series.
The aim of this set is to improve how we track and report writeback
errors to userland. Most applications that care about data integrity
will periodically call fsync/fdatasync/msync to ensure that their
writes have made it to the backing store.
For a very long time, we have tracked writeback errors using two flags
in the address_space: AS_EIO and AS_ENOSPC. Those flags are set when a
writeback error occurs (via mapping_set_error) and are cleared as a
side-effect of filemap_check_errors (as you noted yesterday). This
model really sucks for userland.
Only the first task to call fsync (or msync or fdatasync) will see the
error. Any subsequent task calling fsync on a file will get back 0
(unless another writeback error occurs in the interim). If I have
several tasks writing to a file and calling fsync to ensure that their
writes got stored, then I need to have them coordinate with one
another. That's difficult enough, but in a world of containerized
setups that coordination may even not be possible.
But wait...it gets worse!
The calls to filemap_check_errors can be buried pretty far down in the
call stack, and there are internal callers of filemap_write_and_wait
and the like that also end up clearing those errors. Many of those
callers ignore the error return from that function or return it to
userland at nonsensical times (e.g. truncate() or stat()). If I get
back -EIO on a truncate, there is no reason to think that it was
because some previous writeback failed, and a subsequent fsync() will
(incorrectly) return 0.
This pile aims to do three things:
1) ensure that when a writeback error occurs that that error will be
reported to userland on a subsequent fsync/fdatasync/msync call,
regardless of what internal callers are doing
2) report writeback errors on all file descriptions that were open at
the time that the error occurred. This is a user-visible change,
but I think most applications are written to assume this behavior
anyway. Those that aren't are unlikely to be hurt by it.
3) document what filesystems should do when there is a writeback
error. Today, there is very little consistency between them, and a
lot of cargo-cult copying. We need to make it very clear what
filesystems should do in this situation.
To achieve this, the set adds a new data type (errseq_t) and then
builds new writeback error tracking infrastructure around that. Once
all of that is in place, we change the filesystems to use the new
infrastructure for reporting wb errors to userland.
Note that this is just the initial foray into cleaning up this mess.
There is a lot of work remaining here:
1) convert the rest of the filesystems in a similar fashion. Once the
initial set is in, then I think most other fs' will be fairly
simple to convert. Hopefully most of those can in via individual
filesystem trees.
2) convert internal waiters on writeback to use errseq_t for
detecting errors instead of relying on the AS_* flags. I have some
draft patches for this for ext4, but they are not quite ready for
prime time yet.
This was a discussion topic this year at LSF/MM too. If you're
interested in the gory details, LWN has some good articles about this:
https://lwn.net/Articles/718734/https://lwn.net/Articles/724307/"
* tag 'for-linus-v4.13-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jlayton/linux:
btrfs: minimal conversion to errseq_t writeback error reporting on fsync
xfs: minimal conversion to errseq_t writeback error reporting
ext4: use errseq_t based error handling for reporting data writeback errors
fs: convert __generic_file_fsync to use errseq_t based reporting
block: convert to errseq_t based writeback error tracking
dax: set errors in mapping when writeback fails
Documentation: flesh out the section in vfs.txt on storing and reporting writeback errors
mm: set both AS_EIO/AS_ENOSPC and errseq_t in mapping_set_error
fs: new infrastructure for writeback error handling and reporting
lib: add errseq_t type and infrastructure for handling it
mm: don't TestClearPageError in __filemap_fdatawait_range
mm: clear AS_EIO/AS_ENOSPC when writeback initiation fails
jbd2: don't clear and reset errors after waiting on writeback
buffer: set errors in mapping at the time that the error occurs
fs: check for writeback errors after syncing out buffers in generic_file_fsync
buffer: use mapping_set_error instead of setting the flag
mm: fix mapping_set_error call in me_pagecache_dirty
The inodes index feature introduces a behavior change - on mount,
upper root origin file handle is verified to match the lower root dir.
This implies that copied layers cannot be mounted with the inodes index
feature enabled, without explicitly removing the upper dir origin xattr
and the index dir.
The inodes index feature is required to support:
- Prevent breaking hardlinks on copy up
- NFS export support (upcoming)
- Overlayfs snapshots (POC)
Signed-off-by: Amir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>
Commit 73faec4d99 ("f2fs: add mount option to select fault injection
ratio") and Commit 087968974f ("f2fs: add fault injection to sysfs")
forget to document mount option and sysfs file.
This patch fixes to document them.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
around. Highlights include:
- Conversion of a bunch of security documentation into RST
- The conversion of the remaining DocBook templates by The Amazing
Mauro Machine. We can now drop the entire DocBook build chain.
- The usual collection of fixes and minor updates.
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Merge tag 'docs-4.13' of git://git.lwn.net/linux
Pull documentation updates from Jonathan Corbet:
"There has been a fair amount of activity in the docs tree this time
around. Highlights include:
- Conversion of a bunch of security documentation into RST
- The conversion of the remaining DocBook templates by The Amazing
Mauro Machine. We can now drop the entire DocBook build chain.
- The usual collection of fixes and minor updates"
* tag 'docs-4.13' of git://git.lwn.net/linux: (90 commits)
scripts/kernel-doc: handle DECLARE_HASHTABLE
Documentation: atomic_ops.txt is core-api/atomic_ops.rst
Docs: clean up some DocBook loose ends
Make the main documentation title less Geocities
Docs: Use kernel-figure in vidioc-g-selection.rst
Docs: fix table problems in ras.rst
Docs: Fix breakage with Sphinx 1.5 and upper
Docs: Include the Latex "ifthen" package
doc/kokr/howto: Only send regression fixes after -rc1
docs-rst: fix broken links to dynamic-debug-howto in kernel-parameters
doc: Document suitability of IBM Verse for kernel development
Doc: fix a markup error in coding-style.rst
docs: driver-api: i2c: remove some outdated information
Documentation: DMA API: fix a typo in a function name
Docs: Insert missing space to separate link from text
doc/ko_KR/memory-barriers: Update control-dependencies example
Documentation, kbuild: fix typo "minimun" -> "minimum"
docs: Fix some formatting issues in request-key.rst
doc: ReSTify keys-trusted-encrypted.txt
doc: ReSTify keys-request-key.txt
...
Rename:
wait_queue_t => wait_queue_entry_t
'wait_queue_t' was always a slight misnomer: its name implies that it's a "queue",
but in reality it's a queue *entry*. The 'real' queue is the wait queue head,
which had to carry the name.
Start sorting this out by renaming it to 'wait_queue_entry_t'.
This also allows the real structure name 'struct __wait_queue' to
lose its double underscore and become 'struct wait_queue_entry',
which is the more canonical nomenclature for such data types.
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
Mauro says:
This patch series convert the remaining DocBooks to ReST.
The first version was originally
send as 3 patch series:
[PATCH 00/36] Convert DocBook documents to ReST
[PATCH 0/5] Convert more books to ReST
[PATCH 00/13] Get rid of DocBook
The lsm book was added as if it were a text file under
Documentation. The plan is to merge it with another file
under Documentation/security, after both this series and
a security Documentation patch series gets merged.
It also adjusts some Sphinx-pedantic errors/warnings on
some kernel-doc markups.
I also added some patches here to add PDF output for all
existing ReST books.
Adjusts for ReST markup and moves under keys security devel index.
Cc: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Those functions are currently ignored, causing references at
the documentation to be lost. Don't ignore it.
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@s-opensource.com>
Instead of just mention the function names, use cross-references
to the kernel-doc tags where pertinent.
While not all function documentation is included here, I
double-checked that all functions mentioned there still
exists.
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@s-opensource.com>
Use pandoc to convert documentation to ReST by calling
Documentation/sphinx/tmplcvt script.
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@s-opensource.com>
Highlights include:
Stable bugfixes:
- Fix use after free in write error path
- Use GFP_NOIO for two allocations in writeback
- Fix a hang in OPEN related to server reboot
- Check the result of nfs4_pnfs_ds_connect
- Fix an rcu lock leak
Features:
- Removal of the unmaintained and unused OSD pNFS layout
- Cleanup and removal of lots of unnecessary dprintk()s
- Cleanup and removal of some memory failure paths now that
GFP_NOFS is guaranteed to never fail.
- Remove the v3-only data server limitation on pNFS/flexfiles
Bugfixes:
- RPC/RDMA connection handling bugfixes
- Copy offload: fixes to ensure the copied data is COMMITed to disk.
- Readdir: switch back to using the ->iterate VFS interface
- File locking fixes from Ben Coddington
- Various use-after-free and deadlock issues in pNFS
- Write path bugfixes
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Merge tag 'nfs-for-4.12-1' of git://git.linux-nfs.org/projects/trondmy/linux-nfs
Pull NFS client updates from Trond Myklebust:
"Highlights include:
Stable bugfixes:
- Fix use after free in write error path
- Use GFP_NOIO for two allocations in writeback
- Fix a hang in OPEN related to server reboot
- Check the result of nfs4_pnfs_ds_connect
- Fix an rcu lock leak
Features:
- Removal of the unmaintained and unused OSD pNFS layout
- Cleanup and removal of lots of unnecessary dprintk()s
- Cleanup and removal of some memory failure paths now that GFP_NOFS
is guaranteed to never fail.
- Remove the v3-only data server limitation on pNFS/flexfiles
Bugfixes:
- RPC/RDMA connection handling bugfixes
- Copy offload: fixes to ensure the copied data is COMMITed to disk.
- Readdir: switch back to using the ->iterate VFS interface
- File locking fixes from Ben Coddington
- Various use-after-free and deadlock issues in pNFS
- Write path bugfixes"
* tag 'nfs-for-4.12-1' of git://git.linux-nfs.org/projects/trondmy/linux-nfs: (89 commits)
pNFS/flexfiles: Always attempt to call layoutstats when flexfiles is enabled
NFSv4.1: Work around a Linux server bug...
NFS append COMMIT after synchronous COPY
NFSv4: Fix exclusive create attributes encoding
NFSv4: Fix an rcu lock leak
nfs: use kmap/kunmap directly
NFS: always treat the invocation of nfs_getattr as cache hit when noac is on
Fix nfs_client refcounting if kmalloc fails in nfs4_proc_exchange_id and nfs4_proc_async_renew
NFSv4.1: RECLAIM_COMPLETE must handle NFS4ERR_CONN_NOT_BOUND_TO_SESSION
pNFS: Fix NULL dereference in pnfs_generic_alloc_ds_commits
pNFS: Fix a typo in pnfs_generic_alloc_ds_commits
pNFS: Fix a deadlock when coalescing writes and returning the layout
pNFS: Don't clear the layout return info if there are segments to return
pNFS: Ensure we commit the layout if it has been invalidated
pNFS: Don't send COMMITs to the DSes if the server invalidated our layout
pNFS/flexfiles: Fix up the ff_layout_write_pagelist failure path
pNFS: Ensure we check layout validity before marking it for return
NFS4.1 handle interrupted slot reuse from ERR_DELAY
NFSv4: check return value of xdr_inline_decode
nfs/filelayout: fix NULL pointer dereference in fl_pnfs_update_layout()
...
Pull overlayfs update from Miklos Szeredi:
"The biggest part of this is making st_dev/st_ino on the overlay behave
like a normal filesystem (i.e. st_ino doesn't change on copy up,
st_dev is the same for all files and directories). Currently this only
works if all layers are on the same filesystem, but future work will
move the general case towards more sane behavior.
There are also miscellaneous fixes, including fixes to handling
append-only files. There's a small change in the VFS, but that only
has an effect on overlayfs, since otherwise file->f_path.dentry->inode
and file_inode(file) are always the same"
* 'overlayfs-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mszeredi/vfs:
ovl: update documentation w.r.t. constant inode numbers
ovl: persistent inode numbers for upper hardlinks
ovl: merge getattr for dir and nondir
ovl: constant st_ino/st_dev across copy up
ovl: persistent inode number for directories
ovl: set the ORIGIN type flag
ovl: lookup non-dir copy-up-origin by file handle
ovl: use an auxiliary var for overlay root entry
ovl: store file handle of lower inode on copy up
ovl: check if all layers are on the same fs
ovl: do not set overlay.opaque on non-dir create
ovl: check IS_APPEND() on real upper inode
vfs: ftruncate check IS_APPEND() on real upper inode
ovl: Use designated initializers
ovl: lockdep annotate of nested stacked overlayfs inode lock
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Merge tag 'pci-v4.12-changes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/helgaas/pci
Pull PCI updates from Bjorn Helgaas:
- add framework for supporting PCIe devices in Endpoint mode (Kishon
Vijay Abraham I)
- use non-postable PCI config space mappings when possible (Lorenzo
Pieralisi)
- clean up and unify mmap of PCI BARs (David Woodhouse)
- export and unify Function Level Reset support (Christoph Hellwig)
- avoid FLR for Intel 82579 NICs (Sasha Neftin)
- add pci_request_irq() and pci_free_irq() helpers (Christoph Hellwig)
- short-circuit config access failures for disconnected devices (Keith
Busch)
- remove D3 sleep delay when possible (Adrian Hunter)
- freeze PME scan before suspending devices (Lukas Wunner)
- stop disabling MSI/MSI-X in pci_device_shutdown() (Prarit Bhargava)
- disable boot interrupt quirk for ASUS M2N-LR (Stefan Assmann)
- add arch-specific alignment control to improve device passthrough by
avoiding multiple BARs in a page (Yongji Xie)
- add sysfs sriov_drivers_autoprobe to control VF driver binding
(Bodong Wang)
- allow slots below PCI-to-PCIe "reverse bridges" (Bjorn Helgaas)
- fix crashes when unbinding host controllers that don't support
removal (Brian Norris)
- add driver for MicroSemi Switchtec management interface (Logan
Gunthorpe)
- add driver for Faraday Technology FTPCI100 host bridge (Linus
Walleij)
- add i.MX7D support (Andrey Smirnov)
- use generic MSI support for Aardvark (Thomas Petazzoni)
- make Rockchip driver modular (Brian Norris)
- advertise 128-byte Read Completion Boundary support for Rockchip
(Shawn Lin)
- advertise PCI_EXP_LNKSTA_SLC for Rockchip root port (Shawn Lin)
- convert atomic_t to refcount_t in HV driver (Elena Reshetova)
- add CPU IRQ affinity in HV driver (K. Y. Srinivasan)
- fix PCI bus removal in HV driver (Long Li)
- add support for ThunderX2 DMA alias topology (Jayachandran C)
- add ThunderX pass2.x 2nd node MCFG quirk (Tomasz Nowicki)
- add ITE 8893 bridge DMA alias quirk (Jarod Wilson)
- restrict Cavium ACS quirk only to CN81xx/CN83xx/CN88xx devices
(Manish Jaggi)
* tag 'pci-v4.12-changes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/helgaas/pci: (146 commits)
PCI: Don't allow unbinding host controllers that aren't prepared
ARM: DRA7: clockdomain: Change the CLKTRCTRL of CM_PCIE_CLKSTCTRL to SW_WKUP
MAINTAINERS: Add PCI Endpoint maintainer
Documentation: PCI: Add userguide for PCI endpoint test function
tools: PCI: Add sample test script to invoke pcitest
tools: PCI: Add a userspace tool to test PCI endpoint
Documentation: misc-devices: Add Documentation for pci-endpoint-test driver
misc: Add host side PCI driver for PCI test function device
PCI: Add device IDs for DRA74x and DRA72x
dt-bindings: PCI: dra7xx: Add DT bindings to enable unaligned access
PCI: dwc: dra7xx: Workaround for errata id i870
dt-bindings: PCI: dra7xx: Add DT bindings for PCI dra7xx EP mode
PCI: dwc: dra7xx: Add EP mode support
PCI: dwc: dra7xx: Facilitate wrapper and MSI interrupts to be enabled independently
dt-bindings: PCI: Add DT bindings for PCI designware EP mode
PCI: dwc: designware: Add EP mode support
Documentation: PCI: Add binding documentation for pci-test endpoint function
ixgbe: Use pcie_flr() instead of duplicating it
IB/hfi1: Use pcie_flr() instead of duplicating it
PCI: imx6: Fix spelling mistake: "contol" -> "control"
...
Commit afddba49d1 ("fs: introduce write_begin, write_end, and
perform_write aops") introduced AOP_FLAG_UNINTERRUPTIBLE flag which was
checked in pagecache_write_begin(), but that check was removed by
4e02ed4b4a ("fs: remove prepare_write/commit_write").
Between these two commits, commit d9414774dc ("cifs: Convert cifs to
new aops.") added a check in cifs_write_begin(), but that check was soon
removed by commit a98ee8c1c7 ("[CIFS] fix regression in
cifs_write_begin/cifs_write_end").
Therefore, AOP_FLAG_UNINTERRUPTIBLE flag is checked nowhere. Let's
remove this flag. This patch has no functionality changes.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1489294781-53494-1-git-send-email-penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp
Signed-off-by: Tetsuo Handa <penguin-kernel@I-love.SAKURA.ne.jp>
Reviewed-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Nick Piggin <npiggin@gmail.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Show MADV_FREE pages info of each vma in smaps. The interface is for
diganose or monitoring purpose, userspace could use it to understand
what happens in the application. Since userspace could dirty MADV_FREE
pages without notice from kernel, this interface is the only place we
can get accurate accounting info about MADV_FREE pages.
[mhocko@kernel.org: update Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/89efde633559de1ec07444f2ef0f4963a97a2ce8.1487965799.git.shli@fb.com
Signed-off-by: Shaohua Li <shli@fb.com>
Acked-by: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Acked-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Acked-by: Hillf Danton <hillf.zj@alibaba-inc.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@techsingularity.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pull livepatch updates from Jiri Kosina:
- a per-task consistency model is being added for architectures that
support reliable stack dumping (extending this, currently rather
trivial set, is currently in the works).
This extends the nature of the types of patches that can be applied
by live patching infrastructure. The code stems from the design
proposal made [1] back in November 2014. It's a hybrid of SUSE's
kGraft and RH's kpatch, combining advantages of both: it uses
kGraft's per-task consistency and syscall barrier switching combined
with kpatch's stack trace switching. There are also a number of
fallback options which make it quite flexible.
Most of the heavy lifting done by Josh Poimboeuf with help from
Miroslav Benes and Petr Mladek
[1] https://lkml.kernel.org/r/20141107140458.GA21774@suse.cz
- module load time patch optimization from Zhou Chengming
- a few assorted small fixes
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jikos/livepatching:
livepatch: add missing printk newlines
livepatch: Cancel transition a safe way for immediate patches
livepatch: Reduce the time of finding module symbols
livepatch: make klp_mutex proper part of API
livepatch: allow removal of a disabled patch
livepatch: add /proc/<pid>/patch_state
livepatch: change to a per-task consistency model
livepatch: store function sizes
livepatch: use kstrtobool() in enabled_store()
livepatch: move patching functions into patch.c
livepatch: remove unnecessary object loaded check
livepatch: separate enabled and patched states
livepatch/s390: add TIF_PATCH_PENDING thread flag
livepatch/s390: reorganize TIF thread flag bits
livepatch/powerpc: add TIF_PATCH_PENDING thread flag
livepatch/x86: add TIF_PATCH_PENDING thread flag
livepatch: create temporary klp_update_patch_state() stub
x86/entry: define _TIF_ALLWORK_MASK flags explicitly
stacktrace/x86: add function for detecting reliable stack traces
guide for user-space API documents, rather sparsely populated at the
moment, but it's a start. Markus improved the infrastructure for
converting diagrams. Mauro has converted much of the USB documentation
over to RST. Plus the usual set of fixes, improvements, and tweaks.
There's a bit more than the usual amount of reaching out of Documentation/
to fix comments elsewhere in the tree; I have acks for those where I could
get them.
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Merge tag 'docs-4.12' of git://git.lwn.net/linux
Pull documentation update from Jonathan Corbet:
"A reasonably busy cycle for documentation this time around. There is a
new guide for user-space API documents, rather sparsely populated at
the moment, but it's a start. Markus improved the infrastructure for
converting diagrams. Mauro has converted much of the USB documentation
over to RST. Plus the usual set of fixes, improvements, and tweaks.
There's a bit more than the usual amount of reaching out of
Documentation/ to fix comments elsewhere in the tree; I have acks for
those where I could get them"
* tag 'docs-4.12' of git://git.lwn.net/linux: (74 commits)
docs: Fix a couple typos
docs: Fix a spelling error in vfio-mediated-device.txt
docs: Fix a spelling error in ioctl-number.txt
MAINTAINERS: update file entry for HSI subsystem
Documentation: allow installing man pages to a user defined directory
Doc/PM: Sync with intel_powerclamp code behavior
zr364xx.rst: usb/devices is now at /sys/kernel/debug/
usb.rst: move documentation from proc_usb_info.txt to USB ReST book
convert philips.txt to ReST and add to media docs
docs-rst: usb: update old usbfs-related documentation
arm: Documentation: update a path name
docs: process/4.Coding.rst: Fix a couple of document refs
docs-rst: fix usb cross-references
usb: gadget.h: be consistent at kernel doc macros
usb: composite.h: fix two warnings when building docs
usb: get rid of some ReST doc build errors
usb.rst: get rid of some Sphinx errors
usb/URB.txt: convert to ReST and update it
usb/persist.txt: convert to ReST and add to driver-api book
usb/hotplug.txt: convert to ReST and add to driver-api book
...
The objlayout code has been in the tree, but it's been unmaintained and
no server product for it actually ever shipped.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Trond Myklebust <trond.myklebust@primarydata.com>
Starting to leave behind the legacy of the pci_mmap_page_range() interface
which takes "user-visible" BAR addresses. This takes just the resource and
offset.
For now, both APIs coexist and depending on the platform, one is
implemented as a wrapper around the other.
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw@amazon.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
This is relatively esoteric, and knowing that we don't have it makes life
easier in some cases rather than just an eventual -EINVAL from
pci_mmap_page_range().
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw@amazon.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
Most of the almost-identical versions of pci_mmap_page_range() silently
ignore the 'write_combine' argument and give uncached mappings.
Yet we allow the PCIIOC_WRITE_COMBINE ioctl in /proc/bus/pci, expose the
'resourceX_wc' file in sysfs, and allow an attempted mapping to apparently
succeed.
To fix this, introduce a macro arch_can_pci_mmap_wc() which indicates
whether the platform can do a write-combining mapping. On x86 this ends up
being pat_enabled(), while the few other platforms that support it can just
set it to a literal '1'.
Signed-off-by: David Woodhouse <dwmw@amazon.co.uk>
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
Following the recent merge of statx, correct the documented prototype
for the ->getattr() inode operation, and add an entry to the porting
file.
Signed-off-by: Eric Biggers <ebiggers@google.com>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
As ftp.kernel.org is closed [0], this commit fixes dead URLs in
documents to use www.kernel.org instead.
[0] https://www.kernel.org/shutting-down-ftp-services.html
Signed-off-by: SeongJae Park <sj38.park@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Acked-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Reviewed-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@s-opensource.com>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Expose the per-task patch state value so users can determine which tasks
are holding up completion of a patching operation.
Signed-off-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Reviewed-by: Miroslav Benes <mbenes@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Jiri Kosina <jkosina@suse.cz>
Add a system call to make extended file information available, including
file creation and some attribute flags where available through the
underlying filesystem.
The getattr inode operation is altered to take two additional arguments: a
u32 request_mask and an unsigned int flags that indicate the
synchronisation mode. This change is propagated to the vfs_getattr*()
function.
Functions like vfs_stat() are now inline wrappers around new functions
vfs_statx() and vfs_statx_fd() to reduce stack usage.
========
OVERVIEW
========
The idea was initially proposed as a set of xattrs that could be retrieved
with getxattr(), but the general preference proved to be for a new syscall
with an extended stat structure.
A number of requests were gathered for features to be included. The
following have been included:
(1) Make the fields a consistent size on all arches and make them large.
(2) Spare space, request flags and information flags are provided for
future expansion.
(3) Better support for the y2038 problem [Arnd Bergmann] (tv_sec is an
__s64).
(4) Creation time: The SMB protocol carries the creation time, which could
be exported by Samba, which will in turn help CIFS make use of
FS-Cache as that can be used for coherency data (stx_btime).
This is also specified in NFSv4 as a recommended attribute and could
be exported by NFSD [Steve French].
(5) Lightweight stat: Ask for just those details of interest, and allow a
netfs (such as NFS) to approximate anything not of interest, possibly
without going to the server [Trond Myklebust, Ulrich Drepper, Andreas
Dilger] (AT_STATX_DONT_SYNC).
(6) Heavyweight stat: Force a netfs to go to the server, even if it thinks
its cached attributes are up to date [Trond Myklebust]
(AT_STATX_FORCE_SYNC).
And the following have been left out for future extension:
(7) Data version number: Could be used by userspace NFS servers [Aneesh
Kumar].
Can also be used to modify fill_post_wcc() in NFSD which retrieves
i_version directly, but has just called vfs_getattr(). It could get
it from the kstat struct if it used vfs_xgetattr() instead.
(There's disagreement on the exact semantics of a single field, since
not all filesystems do this the same way).
(8) BSD stat compatibility: Including more fields from the BSD stat such
as creation time (st_btime) and inode generation number (st_gen)
[Jeremy Allison, Bernd Schubert].
(9) Inode generation number: Useful for FUSE and userspace NFS servers
[Bernd Schubert].
(This was asked for but later deemed unnecessary with the
open-by-handle capability available and caused disagreement as to
whether it's a security hole or not).
(10) Extra coherency data may be useful in making backups [Andreas Dilger].
(No particular data were offered, but things like last backup
timestamp, the data version number and the DOS archive bit would come
into this category).
(11) Allow the filesystem to indicate what it can/cannot provide: A
filesystem can now say it doesn't support a standard stat feature if
that isn't available, so if, for instance, inode numbers or UIDs don't
exist or are fabricated locally...
(This requires a separate system call - I have an fsinfo() call idea
for this).
(12) Store a 16-byte volume ID in the superblock that can be returned in
struct xstat [Steve French].
(Deferred to fsinfo).
(13) Include granularity fields in the time data to indicate the
granularity of each of the times (NFSv4 time_delta) [Steve French].
(Deferred to fsinfo).
(14) FS_IOC_GETFLAGS value. These could be translated to BSD's st_flags.
Note that the Linux IOC flags are a mess and filesystems such as Ext4
define flags that aren't in linux/fs.h, so translation in the kernel
may be a necessity (or, possibly, we provide the filesystem type too).
(Some attributes are made available in stx_attributes, but the general
feeling was that the IOC flags were to ext[234]-specific and shouldn't
be exposed through statx this way).
(15) Mask of features available on file (eg: ACLs, seclabel) [Brad Boyer,
Michael Kerrisk].
(Deferred, probably to fsinfo. Finding out if there's an ACL or
seclabal might require extra filesystem operations).
(16) Femtosecond-resolution timestamps [Dave Chinner].
(A __reserved field has been left in the statx_timestamp struct for
this - if there proves to be a need).
(17) A set multiple attributes syscall to go with this.
===============
NEW SYSTEM CALL
===============
The new system call is:
int ret = statx(int dfd,
const char *filename,
unsigned int flags,
unsigned int mask,
struct statx *buffer);
The dfd, filename and flags parameters indicate the file to query, in a
similar way to fstatat(). There is no equivalent of lstat() as that can be
emulated with statx() by passing AT_SYMLINK_NOFOLLOW in flags. There is
also no equivalent of fstat() as that can be emulated by passing a NULL
filename to statx() with the fd of interest in dfd.
Whether or not statx() synchronises the attributes with the backing store
can be controlled by OR'ing a value into the flags argument (this typically
only affects network filesystems):
(1) AT_STATX_SYNC_AS_STAT tells statx() to behave as stat() does in this
respect.
(2) AT_STATX_FORCE_SYNC will require a network filesystem to synchronise
its attributes with the server - which might require data writeback to
occur to get the timestamps correct.
(3) AT_STATX_DONT_SYNC will suppress synchronisation with the server in a
network filesystem. The resulting values should be considered
approximate.
mask is a bitmask indicating the fields in struct statx that are of
interest to the caller. The user should set this to STATX_BASIC_STATS to
get the basic set returned by stat(). It should be noted that asking for
more information may entail extra I/O operations.
buffer points to the destination for the data. This must be 256 bytes in
size.
======================
MAIN ATTRIBUTES RECORD
======================
The following structures are defined in which to return the main attribute
set:
struct statx_timestamp {
__s64 tv_sec;
__s32 tv_nsec;
__s32 __reserved;
};
struct statx {
__u32 stx_mask;
__u32 stx_blksize;
__u64 stx_attributes;
__u32 stx_nlink;
__u32 stx_uid;
__u32 stx_gid;
__u16 stx_mode;
__u16 __spare0[1];
__u64 stx_ino;
__u64 stx_size;
__u64 stx_blocks;
__u64 __spare1[1];
struct statx_timestamp stx_atime;
struct statx_timestamp stx_btime;
struct statx_timestamp stx_ctime;
struct statx_timestamp stx_mtime;
__u32 stx_rdev_major;
__u32 stx_rdev_minor;
__u32 stx_dev_major;
__u32 stx_dev_minor;
__u64 __spare2[14];
};
The defined bits in request_mask and stx_mask are:
STATX_TYPE Want/got stx_mode & S_IFMT
STATX_MODE Want/got stx_mode & ~S_IFMT
STATX_NLINK Want/got stx_nlink
STATX_UID Want/got stx_uid
STATX_GID Want/got stx_gid
STATX_ATIME Want/got stx_atime{,_ns}
STATX_MTIME Want/got stx_mtime{,_ns}
STATX_CTIME Want/got stx_ctime{,_ns}
STATX_INO Want/got stx_ino
STATX_SIZE Want/got stx_size
STATX_BLOCKS Want/got stx_blocks
STATX_BASIC_STATS [The stuff in the normal stat struct]
STATX_BTIME Want/got stx_btime{,_ns}
STATX_ALL [All currently available stuff]
stx_btime is the file creation time, stx_mask is a bitmask indicating the
data provided and __spares*[] are where as-yet undefined fields can be
placed.
Time fields are structures with separate seconds and nanoseconds fields
plus a reserved field in case we want to add even finer resolution. Note
that times will be negative if before 1970; in such a case, the nanosecond
fields will also be negative if not zero.
The bits defined in the stx_attributes field convey information about a
file, how it is accessed, where it is and what it does. The following
attributes map to FS_*_FL flags and are the same numerical value:
STATX_ATTR_COMPRESSED File is compressed by the fs
STATX_ATTR_IMMUTABLE File is marked immutable
STATX_ATTR_APPEND File is append-only
STATX_ATTR_NODUMP File is not to be dumped
STATX_ATTR_ENCRYPTED File requires key to decrypt in fs
Within the kernel, the supported flags are listed by:
KSTAT_ATTR_FS_IOC_FLAGS
[Are any other IOC flags of sufficient general interest to be exposed
through this interface?]
New flags include:
STATX_ATTR_AUTOMOUNT Object is an automount trigger
These are for the use of GUI tools that might want to mark files specially,
depending on what they are.
Fields in struct statx come in a number of classes:
(0) stx_dev_*, stx_blksize.
These are local system information and are always available.
(1) stx_mode, stx_nlinks, stx_uid, stx_gid, stx_[amc]time, stx_ino,
stx_size, stx_blocks.
These will be returned whether the caller asks for them or not. The
corresponding bits in stx_mask will be set to indicate whether they
actually have valid values.
If the caller didn't ask for them, then they may be approximated. For
example, NFS won't waste any time updating them from the server,
unless as a byproduct of updating something requested.
If the values don't actually exist for the underlying object (such as
UID or GID on a DOS file), then the bit won't be set in the stx_mask,
even if the caller asked for the value. In such a case, the returned
value will be a fabrication.
Note that there are instances where the type might not be valid, for
instance Windows reparse points.
(2) stx_rdev_*.
This will be set only if stx_mode indicates we're looking at a
blockdev or a chardev, otherwise will be 0.
(3) stx_btime.
Similar to (1), except this will be set to 0 if it doesn't exist.
=======
TESTING
=======
The following test program can be used to test the statx system call:
samples/statx/test-statx.c
Just compile and run, passing it paths to the files you want to examine.
The file is built automatically if CONFIG_SAMPLES is enabled.
Here's some example output. Firstly, an NFS directory that crosses to
another FSID. Note that the AUTOMOUNT attribute is set because transiting
this directory will cause d_automount to be invoked by the VFS.
[root@andromeda ~]# /tmp/test-statx -A /warthog/data
statx(/warthog/data) = 0
results=7ff
Size: 4096 Blocks: 8 IO Block: 1048576 directory
Device: 00:26 Inode: 1703937 Links: 125
Access: (3777/drwxrwxrwx) Uid: 0 Gid: 4041
Access: 2016-11-24 09:02:12.219699527+0000
Modify: 2016-11-17 10:44:36.225653653+0000
Change: 2016-11-17 10:44:36.225653653+0000
Attributes: 0000000000001000 (-------- -------- -------- -------- -------- -------- ---m---- --------)
Secondly, the result of automounting on that directory.
[root@andromeda ~]# /tmp/test-statx /warthog/data
statx(/warthog/data) = 0
results=7ff
Size: 4096 Blocks: 8 IO Block: 1048576 directory
Device: 00:27 Inode: 2 Links: 125
Access: (3777/drwxrwxrwx) Uid: 0 Gid: 4041
Access: 2016-11-24 09:02:12.219699527+0000
Modify: 2016-11-17 10:44:36.225653653+0000
Change: 2016-11-17 10:44:36.225653653+0000
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
This round introduces several interesting features such as on-disk NAT bitmaps,
IO alignment, and a discard thread. And it includes a couple of major bug fixes
as below.
== Enhancement ==
- introduce on-disk bitmaps to avoid scanning NAT blocks when getting free nids
- support IO alignment to prepare open-channel SSD integration in future
- introduce a discard thread to avoid long latency during checkpoint and fstrim
- use SSR for warm node and enable inline_xattr by default
- introduce in-memory bitmaps to check FS consistency for debugging
- improve write_begin by avoiding needless read IO
== Bug fix ==
- fix broken zone_reset behavior for SMR drive
- fix wrong victim selection policy during GC
- fix missing behavior when preparing discard commands
- fix bugs in atomic write support and fiemap
- workaround to handle multiple f2fs_add_link calls having same name
And it includes a bunch of clean-up patches as well.
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Merge tag 'for-f2fs-4.11' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs
Pull f2fs updates from Jaegeuk Kim:
"This round introduces several interesting features such as on-disk NAT
bitmaps, IO alignment, and a discard thread. And it includes a couple
of major bug fixes as below.
Enhancements:
- introduce on-disk bitmaps to avoid scanning NAT blocks when getting
free nids
- support IO alignment to prepare open-channel SSD integration in
future
- introduce a discard thread to avoid long latency during checkpoint
and fstrim
- use SSR for warm node and enable inline_xattr by default
- introduce in-memory bitmaps to check FS consistency for debugging
- improve write_begin by avoiding needless read IO
Bug fixes:
- fix broken zone_reset behavior for SMR drive
- fix wrong victim selection policy during GC
- fix missing behavior when preparing discard commands
- fix bugs in atomic write support and fiemap
- workaround to handle multiple f2fs_add_link calls having same name
... and it includes a bunch of clean-up patches as well"
* tag 'for-f2fs-4.11' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs: (97 commits)
f2fs: avoid to flush nat journal entries
f2fs: avoid to issue redundant discard commands
f2fs: fix a plint compile warning
f2fs: add f2fs_drop_inode tracepoint
f2fs: Fix zoned block device support
f2fs: remove redundant set_page_dirty()
f2fs: fix to enlarge size of write_io_dummy mempool
f2fs: fix memory leak of write_io_dummy mempool during umount
f2fs: fix to update F2FS_{CP_}WB_DATA count correctly
f2fs: use MAX_FREE_NIDS for the free nids target
f2fs: introduce free nid bitmap
f2fs: new helper cur_cp_crc() getting crc in f2fs_checkpoint
f2fs: update the comment of default nr_pages to skipping
f2fs: drop the duplicate pval in f2fs_getxattr
f2fs: Don't update the xattr data that same as the exist
f2fs: kill __is_extent_same
f2fs: avoid bggc->fggc when enough free segments are avaliable after cp
f2fs: select target segment with closer temperature in SSR mode
f2fs: show simple call stack in fault injection message
f2fs: no need lock_op in f2fs_write_inline_data
...
- support for rbd data-pool feature, which enables rbd images on
erasure-coded pools (myself). CEPH_PG_MAX_SIZE has been bumped to
allow erasure-coded profiles with k+m up to 32.
- a patch for ceph_d_revalidate() performance regression introduced in
4.9, along with some cleanups in the area (Jeff Layton)
- a set of fixes for unsafe ->d_parent accesses in CephFS (Jeff Layton)
- buffered reads are now processed in rsize windows instead of rasize
windows (Andreas Gerstmayr). The new default for rsize mount option
is 64M.
- ack vs commit distinction is gone, greatly simplifying ->fsync() and
MOSDOpReply handling code (myself)
Also a few filesystem bug fixes from Zheng, a CRUSH sync up (CRUSH
computations are still serialized though) and several minor fixes and
cleanups all over.
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Merge tag 'ceph-for-4.11-rc1' of git://github.com/ceph/ceph-client
Pull ceph updates from Ilya Dryomov:
"This time around we have:
- support for rbd data-pool feature, which enables rbd images on
erasure-coded pools (myself). CEPH_PG_MAX_SIZE has been bumped to
allow erasure-coded profiles with k+m up to 32.
- a patch for ceph_d_revalidate() performance regression introduced
in 4.9, along with some cleanups in the area (Jeff Layton)
- a set of fixes for unsafe ->d_parent accesses in CephFS (Jeff
Layton)
- buffered reads are now processed in rsize windows instead of rasize
windows (Andreas Gerstmayr). The new default for rsize mount option
is 64M.
- ack vs commit distinction is gone, greatly simplifying ->fsync()
and MOSDOpReply handling code (myself)
... also a few filesystem bug fixes from Zheng, a CRUSH sync up (CRUSH
computations are still serialized though) and several minor fixes and
cleanups all over"
* tag 'ceph-for-4.11-rc1' of git://github.com/ceph/ceph-client: (52 commits)
libceph, rbd, ceph: WRITE | ONDISK -> WRITE
libceph: get rid of ack vs commit
ceph: remove special ack vs commit behavior
ceph: tidy some white space in get_nonsnap_parent()
crush: fix dprintk compilation
crush: do is_out test only if we do not collide
ceph: remove req from unsafe list when unregistering it
rbd: constify device_type structure
rbd: kill obj_request->object_name and rbd_segment_name_cache
rbd: store and use obj_request->object_no
rbd: RBD_V{1,2}_DATA_FORMAT macros
rbd: factor out __rbd_osd_req_create()
rbd: set offset and length outside of rbd_obj_request_create()
rbd: support for data-pool feature
rbd: introduce rbd_init_layout()
rbd: use rbd_obj_bytes() more
rbd: remove now unused rbd_obj_request_wait() and helpers
rbd: switch rbd_obj_method_sync() to ceph_osdc_call()
libceph: pass reply buffer length through ceph_osdc_call()
rbd: do away with obj_request in rbd_obj_read_sync()
...
Fix typos and add the following to the scripts/spelling.txt:
an user||a user
an userspace||a userspace
I also added "userspace" to the list since it is a common word in Linux.
I found some instances for "an userfaultfd", but I did not add it to the
list. I felt it is endless to find words that start with "user" such as
"userland" etc., so must draw a line somewhere.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1481573103-11329-4-git-send-email-yamada.masahiro@socionext.com
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <yamada.masahiro@socionext.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This is the same as bf72eda5 except that it's a different file. Sync
documentation with changes made by 730c9eec in 2009.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/148577165630.9801.6081791213151121657.stgit@pluto.themaw.net
Signed-off-by: Tomohiro Kusumi <tkusumi@tuxera.com>
Signed-off-by: Ian Kent <raven@themaw.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This is the same as d8732841 except that it's a different file. A
caller has no devid input, and devid is obtained via superblock.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/148577165119.9801.16967562019122274820.stgit@pluto.themaw.net
Signed-off-by: Tomohiro Kusumi <tkusumi@tuxera.com>
Signed-off-by: Ian Kent <raven@themaw.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This patch introduces new mount option 'noinline_xattr', so we can disable
inline xattr functionality which is already set as a default mount option.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
There is a typo "f2f2" in f2fs.txt, this patch fixes it.
Signed-off-by: Tiezhu Yang <kernelpatch@126.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
This patch sets the io_pages bdi hint based on the rsize mount option.
Without this patch large buffered reads (request size > max readahead)
are processed sequentially in chunks of the readahead size (i.e. read
requests are sent out up to the readahead size, then the
do_generic_file_read() function waits until the first page is received).
With this patch read requests are sent out at once up to the size
specified in the rsize mount option (default: 64 MB).
Signed-off-by: Andreas Gerstmayr <andreas.gerstmayr@catalysts.cc>
Acked-by: Jeff Layton <jlayton@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Yan, Zheng <zyan@redhat.com>
Change module filename from af-rxrpc.ko to rxrpc.ko so as to be consistent
with the other protocol drivers.
Also adjust the documentation to reflect this.
Further, there is no longer a standalone rxkad module, as it has been
merged into the rxrpc core, so get rid of references to that.
Reported-by: Marc Dionne <marc.dionne@auristor.com>
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: David S. Miller <davem@davemloft.net>
Commit bc3e53f682 ("mm: distinguish between mlocked and pinned pages")
added VmPin in /proc/<pid>/status. Report that in
Documentation/filesystems/proc.txt
Also move Umask after Name to keep correct order.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20170114201219.30387-1-fabf@skynet.be
Signed-off-by: Fabian Frederick <fabf@skynet.be>
Cc: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pull partial readlink cleanups from Miklos Szeredi.
This is the uncontroversial part of the readlink cleanup patch-set that
simplifies the default readlink handling.
Miklos and Al are still discussing the rest of the series.
* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mszeredi/vfs:
vfs: make generic_readlink() static
vfs: remove ".readlink = generic_readlink" assignments
vfs: default to generic_readlink()
vfs: replace calling i_op->readlink with vfs_readlink()
proc/self: use generic_readlink
ecryptfs: use vfs_get_link()
bad_inode: add missing i_op initializers
Pull more vfs updates from Al Viro:
"In this pile:
- autofs-namespace series
- dedupe stuff
- more struct path constification"
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs: (40 commits)
ocfs2: implement the VFS clone_range, copy_range, and dedupe_range features
ocfs2: charge quota for reflinked blocks
ocfs2: fix bad pointer cast
ocfs2: always unlock when completing dio writes
ocfs2: don't eat io errors during _dio_end_io_write
ocfs2: budget for extent tree splits when adding refcount flag
ocfs2: prohibit refcounted swapfiles
ocfs2: add newlines to some error messages
ocfs2: convert inode refcount test to a helper
simple_write_end(): don't zero in short copy into uptodate
exofs: don't mess with simple_write_{begin,end}
9p: saner ->write_end() on failing copy into non-uptodate page
fix gfs2_stuffed_write_end() on short copies
fix ceph_write_end()
nfs_write_end(): fix handling of short copies
vfs: refactor clone/dedupe_file_range common functions
fs: try to clone files first in vfs_copy_file_range
vfs: misc struct path constification
namespace.c: constify struct path passed to a bunch of primitives
quota: constify struct path in quota_on
...
Pull overlayfs updates from Miklos Szeredi:
"This update contains:
- try to clone on copy-up
- allow renaming a directory
- split source into managable chunks
- misc cleanups and fixes
It does not contain the read-only fd data inconsistency fix, which Al
didn't like. I'll leave that to the next year..."
* 'overlayfs-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mszeredi/vfs: (36 commits)
ovl: fix reStructuredText syntax errors in documentation
ovl: fix return value of ovl_fill_super
ovl: clean up kstat usage
ovl: fold ovl_copy_up_truncate() into ovl_copy_up()
ovl: create directories inside merged parent opaque
ovl: opaque cleanup
ovl: show redirect_dir mount option
ovl: allow setting max size of redirect
ovl: allow redirect_dir to default to "on"
ovl: check for emptiness of redirect dir
ovl: redirect on rename-dir
ovl: lookup redirects
ovl: consolidate lookup for underlying layers
ovl: fix nested overlayfs mount
ovl: check namelen
ovl: split super.c
ovl: use d_is_dir()
ovl: simplify lookup
ovl: check lower existence of rename target
ovl: rename: simplify handling of lower/merged directory
...
Pull vfs updates from Al Viro:
- more ->d_init() stuff (work.dcache)
- pathname resolution cleanups (work.namei)
- a few missing iov_iter primitives - copy_from_iter_full() and
friends. Either copy the full requested amount, advance the iterator
and return true, or fail, return false and do _not_ advance the
iterator. Quite a few open-coded callers converted (and became more
readable and harder to fuck up that way) (work.iov_iter)
- several assorted patches, the big one being logfs removal
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
logfs: remove from tree
vfs: fix put_compat_statfs64() does not handle errors
namei: fold should_follow_link() with the step into not-followed link
namei: pass both WALK_GET and WALK_MORE to should_follow_link()
namei: invert WALK_PUT logics
namei: shift interpretation of LOOKUP_FOLLOW inside should_follow_link()
namei: saner calling conventions for mountpoint_last()
namei.c: get rid of user_path_parent()
switch getfrag callbacks to ..._full() primitives
make skb_add_data,{_nocache}() and skb_copy_to_page_nocache() advance only on success
[iov_iter] new primitives - copy_from_iter_full() and friends
don't open-code file_inode()
ceph: switch to use of ->d_init()
ceph: unify dentry_operations instances
lustre: switch to use of ->d_init()
- Fix broken long line block quote
- Fix missing newline before bullets list
- Use correct numbered list syntax
Signed-off-by: Amir Goldstein <amir73il@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>
Current code returns EXDEV when a directory would need to be copied up to
move. We could copy up the directory tree in this case, but there's
another, simpler solution: point to old lower directory from moved upper
directory.
This is achieved with a "trusted.overlay.redirect" xattr storing the path
relative to the root of the overlay. After such attribute has been set,
the directory can be moved without further actions required.
This is a backward incompatible feature, old kernels won't be able to
correctly mount an overlay containing redirected directories.
Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>
The quirk for file locks and leases no longer applies.
Add missing info about renaming directory residing on lower layer.
Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>
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Merge tag 'pci-v4.10-changes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/helgaas/pci
Pull PCI updates from Bjorn Helgaas:
"PCI changes:
- add support for PCI on ARM64 boxes with ACPI. We already had this
for theoretical spec-compliant hardware; now we're adding quirks
for the actual hardware (Cavium, HiSilicon, Qualcomm, X-Gene)
- add runtime PM support for hotplug ports
- enable runtime suspend for Intel UHCI that uses platform-specific
wakeup signaling
- add yet another host bridge registration interface. We hope this is
extensible enough to subsume the others
- expose device revision in sysfs for DRM
- to avoid device conflicts, make sure any VF BAR updates are done
before enabling the VF
- avoid unnecessary link retrains for ASPM
- allow INTx masking on Mellanox devices that support it
- allow access to non-standard VPD for Chelsio devices
- update Broadcom iProc support for PAXB v2, PAXC v2, inbound DMA,
etc
- update Rockchip support for max-link-speed
- add NVIDIA Tegra210 support
- add Layerscape LS1046a support
- update R-Car compatibility strings
- add Qualcomm MSM8996 support
- remove some uninformative bootup messages"
* tag 'pci-v4.10-changes' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/helgaas/pci: (115 commits)
PCI: Enable access to non-standard VPD for Chelsio devices (cxgb3)
PCI: Expand "VPD access disabled" quirk message
PCI: pciehp: Remove loading message
PCI: hotplug: Remove hotplug core message
PCI: Remove service driver load/unload messages
PCI/AER: Log AER IRQ when claiming Root Port
PCI/AER: Log errors with PCI device, not PCIe service device
PCI/AER: Remove unused version macros
PCI/PME: Log PME IRQ when claiming Root Port
PCI/PME: Drop unused support for PMEs from Root Complex Event Collectors
PCI: Move config space size macros to pci_regs.h
x86/platform/intel-mid: Constify mid_pci_platform_pm
PCI/ASPM: Don't retrain link if ASPM not possible
PCI: iproc: Skip check for legacy IRQ on PAXC buses
PCI: pciehp: Leave power indicator on when enabling already-enabled slot
PCI: pciehp: Prioritize data-link event over presence detect
PCI: rcar: Add gen3 fallback compatibility string for pcie-rcar
PCI: rcar: Use gen2 fallback compatibility last
PCI: rcar-gen2: Use gen2 fallback compatibility last
PCI: rockchip: Move the deassert of pm/aclk/pclk after phy_init()
..
Contained in this update:
- DAX PMD vaults via iomap infrastructure
- Direct-io support in iomap infrastructure
- removal of now-redundant XFS inode iolock, replaced with VFS i_rwsem
- synchronisation with fixes and changes in userspace libxfs code
- extent tree lookup helpers
- lots of little corruption detection improvements to verifiers
- optimised CRC calculations
- faster buffer cache lookups
- deprecation of barrier/nobarrier mount options - we always use
REQ_FUA/REQ_FLUSH where appropriate for data integrity now
- cleanups to speculative preallocation
- miscellaneous minor bug fixes and cleanups
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Merge tag 'xfs-for-linus-4.10-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dgc/linux-xfs
Pull xfs updates from Dave Chinner:
"There is quite a varied bunch of stuff in this update, and some of it
you will have already merged through the ext4 tree which imported the
dax-4.10-iomap-pmd topic branch from the XFS tree.
There is also a new direct IO implementation that uses the iomap
infrastructure. It's much simpler, faster, and has lower IO latency
than the existing direct IO infrastructure.
Summary:
- DAX PMD faults via iomap infrastructure
- Direct-io support in iomap infrastructure
- removal of now-redundant XFS inode iolock, replaced with VFS
i_rwsem
- synchronisation with fixes and changes in userspace libxfs code
- extent tree lookup helpers
- lots of little corruption detection improvements to verifiers
- optimised CRC calculations
- faster buffer cache lookups
- deprecation of barrier/nobarrier mount options - we always use
REQ_FUA/REQ_FLUSH where appropriate for data integrity now
- cleanups to speculative preallocation
- miscellaneous minor bug fixes and cleanups"
* tag 'xfs-for-linus-4.10-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dgc/linux-xfs: (63 commits)
xfs: nuke unused tracepoint definitions
xfs: use GPF_NOFS when allocating btree cursors
xfs: use xfs_vn_setattr_size to check on new size
xfs: deprecate barrier/nobarrier mount option
xfs: Always flush caches when integrity is required
xfs: ignore leaf attr ichdr.count in verifier during log replay
xfs: use rhashtable to track buffer cache
xfs: optimise CRC updates
xfs: make xfs btree stats less huge
xfs: don't cap maximum dedupe request length
xfs: don't allow di_size with high bit set
xfs: error out if trying to add attrs and anextents > 0
xfs: don't crash if reading a directory results in an unexpected hole
xfs: complain if we don't get nextents bmap records
xfs: check for bogus values in btree block headers
xfs: forbid AG btrees with level == 0
xfs: several xattr functions can be void
xfs: handle cow fork in xfs_bmap_trace_exlist
xfs: pass state not whichfork to trace_xfs_extlist
xfs: Move AGI buffer type setting to xfs_read_agi
...
Logfs was introduced to the kernel in 2009, and hasn't seen any non
drive-by changes since 2012, while having lots of unsolved issues
including the complete lack of error handling, with more and more
issues popping up without any fixes.
The logfs.org domain has been bouncing from a mail, and the maintainer
on the non-logfs.org domain hasn't repsonded to past queries either.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Currently we have two different structures for passing fault information
around - struct vm_fault and struct fault_env. DAX will need more
information in struct vm_fault to handle its faults so the content of
that structure would become event closer to fault_env. Furthermore it
would need to generate struct fault_env to be able to call some of the
generic functions. So at this point I don't think there's much use in
keeping these two structures separate. Just embed into struct vm_fault
all that is needed to use it for both purposes.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1479460644-25076-2-git-send-email-jack@suse.cz
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Acked-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
from the ->drop_link method.
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Merge tag 'configfs-for-4.10' of git://git.infradead.org/users/hch/configfs
Pull configfs update from Christoph Hellwig:
"Just one simple change from Andrzej to drop the pointless return value
from the ->drop_link method"
* tag 'configfs-for-4.10' of git://git.infradead.org/users/hch/configfs:
fs: configfs: don't return anything from drop_link
needed for both ext4 and xfs dax changes to use iomap for DAX. It
also includes the fscrypt branch which is needed for ubifs encryption
work as well as ext4 encryption and fscrypt cleanups.
Lots of cleanups and bug fixes, especially making sure ext4 is robust
against maliciously corrupted file systems --- especially maliciously
corrupted xattr blocks and a maliciously corrupted superblock. Also
fix ext4 support for 64k block sizes so it works well on ppcle. Fixed
mbcache so we don't miss some common xattr blocks that can be merged.
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Merge tag 'ext4_for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/ext4
Pull ext4 updates from Ted Ts'o:
"This merge request includes the dax-4.0-iomap-pmd branch which is
needed for both ext4 and xfs dax changes to use iomap for DAX. It also
includes the fscrypt branch which is needed for ubifs encryption work
as well as ext4 encryption and fscrypt cleanups.
Lots of cleanups and bug fixes, especially making sure ext4 is robust
against maliciously corrupted file systems --- especially maliciously
corrupted xattr blocks and a maliciously corrupted superblock. Also
fix ext4 support for 64k block sizes so it works well on ppcle. Fixed
mbcache so we don't miss some common xattr blocks that can be merged"
* tag 'ext4_for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/ext4: (86 commits)
dax: Fix sleep in atomic contex in grab_mapping_entry()
fscrypt: Rename FS_WRITE_PATH_FL to FS_CTX_HAS_BOUNCE_BUFFER_FL
fscrypt: Delay bounce page pool allocation until needed
fscrypt: Cleanup page locking requirements for fscrypt_{decrypt,encrypt}_page()
fscrypt: Cleanup fscrypt_{decrypt,encrypt}_page()
fscrypt: Never allocate fscrypt_ctx on in-place encryption
fscrypt: Use correct index in decrypt path.
fscrypt: move the policy flags and encryption mode definitions to uapi header
fscrypt: move non-public structures and constants to fscrypt_private.h
fscrypt: unexport fscrypt_initialize()
fscrypt: rename get_crypt_info() to fscrypt_get_crypt_info()
fscrypto: move ioctl processing more fully into common code
fscrypto: remove unneeded Kconfig dependencies
MAINTAINERS: fscrypto: recommend linux-fsdevel for fscrypto patches
ext4: do not perform data journaling when data is encrypted
ext4: return -ENOMEM instead of success
ext4: reject inodes with negative size
ext4: remove another test in ext4_alloc_file_blocks()
Documentation: fix description of ext4's block_validity mount option
ext4: fix checks for data=ordered and journal_async_commit options
...
It's another busy cycle for the docs tree, as the sphinx conversion
continues. Highlights include:
- Further work on PDF output, which remains a bit of a pain but should be
more solid now.
- Five more DocBook template files converted to Sphinx. Only 27 to go...
Lots of plain-text files have also been converted and integrated.
- Images in binary formats have been replaced with more source-friendly
versions.
- Various bits of organizational work, including the renaming of various
files discussed at the kernel summit.
- New documentation for the device_link mechanism.
...and, of course, lots of typo fixes and small updates.
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Merge tag 'docs-4.10' of git://git.lwn.net/linux
Pull documentation update from Jonathan Corbet:
"These are the documentation changes for 4.10.
It's another busy cycle for the docs tree, as the sphinx conversion
continues. Highlights include:
- Further work on PDF output, which remains a bit of a pain but
should be more solid now.
- Five more DocBook template files converted to Sphinx. Only 27 to
go... Lots of plain-text files have also been converted and
integrated.
- Images in binary formats have been replaced with more
source-friendly versions.
- Various bits of organizational work, including the renaming of
various files discussed at the kernel summit.
- New documentation for the device_link mechanism.
... and, of course, lots of typo fixes and small updates"
* tag 'docs-4.10' of git://git.lwn.net/linux: (193 commits)
dma-buf: Extract dma-buf.rst
Update Documentation/00-INDEX
docs: 00-INDEX: document directories/files with no docs
docs: 00-INDEX: remove non-existing entries
docs: 00-INDEX: add missing entries for documentation files/dirs
docs: 00-INDEX: consolidate process/ and admin-guide/ description
scripts: add a script to check if Documentation/00-INDEX is sane
Docs: change sh -> awk in REPORTING-BUGS
Documentation/core-api/device_link: Add initial documentation
core-api: remove an unexpected unident
ppc/idle: Add documentation for powersave=off
Doc: Correct typo, "Introdution" => "Introduction"
Documentation/atomic_ops.txt: convert to ReST markup
Documentation/local_ops.txt: convert to ReST markup
Documentation/assoc_array.txt: convert to ReST markup
docs-rst: parse-headers.pl: cleanup the documentation
docs-rst: fix media cleandocs target
docs-rst: media/Makefile: reorganize the rules
docs-rst: media: build SVG from graphviz files
docs-rst: replace bayer.png by a SVG image
...
Similar to being able to examine if a process has been correctly
confined with seccomp, the state of no_new_privs is equally interesting,
so this adds it to /proc/$pid/status.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20161103214041.GA58566@beast
Signed-off-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Reviewed-by: Jann Horn <jann@thejh.net>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Naoya Horiguchi <n-horiguchi@ah.jp.nec.com>
Cc: Rodrigo Freire <rfreire@redhat.com>
Cc: John Stultz <john.stultz@linaro.org>
Cc: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Robert Ho <robert.hu@intel.com>
Cc: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Cc: "Richard W.M. Jones" <rjones@redhat.com>
Cc: Joe Perches <joe@perches.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
If i_op->readlink is NULL, but i_op->get_link is set then vfs_readlink()
defaults to calling generic_readlink().
The IOP_DEFAULT_READLINK flag indicates that the above conditions are met
and the default action can be taken.
Signed-off-by: Miklos Szeredi <mszeredi@redhat.com>
We always perform integrity operations now, so these mount options
don't do anything. Deprecate them and mark them for removal in
in a year.
Signed-Off-By: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Fix ext4 documentation according to commit 45f1a9c3f6
("ext4: enable block_validity by default")
Also fix some typos.
[ Further documentation cleanups by tytso ]
Signed-off-by: Fabian Frederick <fabf@skynet.be>
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
For the autofs module to be able to reliably check if a dentry is a
mountpoint in a multiple namespace environment the ->d_manage() dentry
operation will need to take a path argument instead of a dentry.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20161011053352.27645.83962.stgit@pluto.themaw.net
Signed-off-by: Ian Kent <raven@themaw.net>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@ZenIV.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Omar Sandoval <osandov@osandov.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Documentation/filesystems/configfs/configfs.txt says:
"When unlink(2) is called on the symbolic link, the source item is
notified via the ->drop_link() method. Like the ->drop_item() method,
this is a void function and cannot return failure."
The ->drop_item() is indeed a void function, the ->drop_link() is
actually not. This, together with the fact that the value of ->drop_link()
is silently ignored suggests, that it is the ->drop_link() return
type that should be corrected and changed to void.
This patch changes drop_link() signature and all its users.
Signed-off-by: Andrzej Pietrasiewicz <andrzej.p@samsung.com>
[hch: reverted reformatting of some code]
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Currently the revision isn't available via sysfs/libudev thus if one wants
to know the value one needs to read through the config file, which can be
quite time-consuming because it wakes/powers up the device.
There are at least two userspace components which could make use the new
file: libpciaccess and libdrm. The former wakes up _every_ PCI device,
which can be observed via glxinfo when using Mesa 10.0+ drivers. The
latter, in association with Mesa 13.0, can lead to 2-3 second delays while
starting firefox, thunderbird or chromium.
Link: https://bugs.freedesktop.org/show_bug.cgi?id=98502
Tested-by: Mauro Santos <registo.mailling@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Emil Velikov <emil.velikov@collabora.com>
Signed-off-by: Bjorn Helgaas <bhelgaas@google.com>
Reviewed-by: Alex Deucher <alexander.deucher@amd.com>
Reviewed-by: Daniel Vetter <daniel.vetter@ffwll.ch
CC: Greg KH <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
No one uses functions using the get_block callback anymore. Rip them
out and update documentation.
Reviewed-by: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
The iowait is not reliable by reading from /proc/stat, so this
method to get iowait is not suggested. And we mark it in the
document.
Signed-off-by: Cao Jin <caoj.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Chao Fan <fanc.fnst@cn.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
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Merge tag 'v4.9-rc4' into sound
Bring in -rc4 patches so I can successfully merge the sound doc changes.
The previous patch renamed several files that are cross-referenced
along the Kernel documentation. Adjust the links to point to
the right places.
Signed-off-by: Mauro Carvalho Chehab <mchehab@s-opensource.com>
This reverts more of:
b76437579d ("procfs: mark thread stack correctly in proc/<pid>/maps")
... which was partially reverted by:
65376df582 ("proc: revert /proc/<pid>/maps [stack:TID] annotation")
Originally, /proc/PID/task/TID/maps was the same as /proc/TID/maps.
In current kernels, /proc/PID/maps (or /proc/TID/maps even for
threads) shows "[stack]" for VMAs in the mm's stack address range.
In contrast, /proc/PID/task/TID/maps uses KSTK_ESP to guess the
target thread's stack's VMA. This is racy, probably returns garbage
and, on arches with CONFIG_TASK_INFO_IN_THREAD=y, is also crash-prone:
KSTK_ESP is not safe to use on tasks that aren't known to be running
ordinary process-context kernel code.
This patch removes the difference and just shows "[stack]" for VMAs
in the mm's stack range. This is IMO much more sensible -- the
actual "stack" address really is treated specially by the VM code,
and the current thread stack isn't even well-defined for programs
that frequently switch stacks on their own.
Reported-by: Jann Horn <jann@thejh.net>
Signed-off-by: Andy Lutomirski <luto@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Borislav Petkov <bp@alien8.de>
Cc: Brian Gerst <brgerst@gmail.com>
Cc: Johannes Weiner <hannes@cmpxchg.org>
Cc: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Linux API <linux-api@vger.kernel.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Tycho Andersen <tycho.andersen@canonical.com>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/3e678474ec14e0a0ec34c611016753eea2e1b8ba.1475257877.git.luto@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
This update consists of:
- Fixes and improvements to existing tests
- Moving code from Documentation to selftests, samples, and tools.
Moves dnotify_test, prctl, ptp, vDSO, ia64, watchdog, and networking
tests from Documentation to selftests.
Moves mic/mpssd, misc-devices/mei, timers, watchdog, auxdisplay, and
blackfin examples from Documentation to samples.
Moves accounting, laptops/dslm, and pcmcia/crc32hash tools from
Documentation to tools.
Deletes BUILD_DOCSRC and its dependencies.
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Merge tag 'linux-kselftest-4.9-rc1-update' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/shuah/linux-kselftest
Pull kselftest updates from Shuah Khan:
"This update consists of:
- Fixes and improvements to existing tests
- Moving code from Documentation to selftests, samples, and tools:
* Moves dnotify_test, prctl, ptp, vDSO, ia64, watchdog, and
networking tests from Documentation to selftests.
* Moves mic/mpssd, misc-devices/mei, timers, watchdog, auxdisplay,
and blackfin examples from Documentation to samples.
* Moves accounting, laptops/dslm, and pcmcia/crc32hash tools from
Documentation to tools.
* Deletes BUILD_DOCSRC and its dependencies"
* tag 'linux-kselftest-4.9-rc1-update' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/shuah/linux-kselftest: (21 commits)
selftests/futex: Check ANSI terminal color support
Doc: update 00-INDEX files to reflect the runnable code move
samples: move blackfin gptimers-example from Documentation
tools: move pcmcia crc32hash tool from Documentation
tools: move laptops dslm tool from Documentation
tools: move accounting tool from Documentation
samples: move auxdisplay example code from Documentation
samples: move watchdog example code from Documentation
samples: move timers example code from Documentation
samples: move misc-devices/mei example code from Documentation
samples: move mic/mpssd example code from Documentation
selftests: Move networking/timestamping from Documentation
selftests: move watchdog tests from Documentation/watchdog
selftests: move ia64 tests from Documentation/ia64
selftests: move vDSO tests from Documentation/vDSO
selftests: move ptp tests from Documentation/ptp
selftests: move prctl tests from Documentation/prctl
selftests: move dnotify_test from Documentation/filesystems
selftests/timers: Add missing error code assignment before test
selftests/zram: replace ZRAM_LZ4_COMPRESS
...
Sync with changes made by commit 730c9eeca9 ("autofs4: improve
parameter usage") which introduced an union for various ioctl commands
instead of having statically named arg1,2.
This commit simply replaces arg1,2 with the corresponding fields without
changing semantics.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160812024831.12352.24667.stgit@pluto.themaw.net
Signed-off-by: Tomohiro Kusumi <kusumi.tomohiro@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ian Kent <ikent@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The explanation on how ioctl handles devid seems incorrect. Userspace who
calls this ioctl has no input regarding devid, and ioctl implementation
retrieves devid via superblock.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160812024825.12352.13486.stgit@pluto.themaw.net
Signed-off-by: Tomohiro Kusumi <kusumi.tomohiro@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ian Kent <ikent@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
plus minor whitespace fixes.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160812024734.12352.17122.stgit@pluto.themaw.net
Signed-off-by: Tomohiro Kusumi <kusumi.tomohiro@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Ian Kent <raven@themaw.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pull more vfs updates from Al Viro:
">rename2() work from Miklos + current_time() from Deepa"
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
fs: Replace current_fs_time() with current_time()
fs: Replace CURRENT_TIME_SEC with current_time() for inode timestamps
fs: Replace CURRENT_TIME with current_time() for inode timestamps
fs: proc: Delete inode time initializations in proc_alloc_inode()
vfs: Add current_time() api
vfs: add note about i_op->rename changes to porting
fs: rename "rename2" i_op to "rename"
vfs: remove unused i_op->rename
fs: make remaining filesystems use .rename2
libfs: support RENAME_NOREPLACE in simple_rename()
fs: support RENAME_NOREPLACE for local filesystems
ncpfs: fix unused variable warning
Pull vfs xattr updates from Al Viro:
"xattr stuff from Andreas
This completes the switch to xattr_handler ->get()/->set() from
->getxattr/->setxattr/->removexattr"
* 'work.xattr' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
vfs: Remove {get,set,remove}xattr inode operations
xattr: Stop calling {get,set,remove}xattr inode operations
vfs: Check for the IOP_XATTR flag in listxattr
xattr: Add __vfs_{get,set,remove}xattr helpers
libfs: Use IOP_XATTR flag for empty directory handling
vfs: Use IOP_XATTR flag for bad-inode handling
vfs: Add IOP_XATTR inode operations flag
vfs: Move xattr_resolve_name to the front of fs/xattr.c
ecryptfs: Switch to generic xattr handlers
sockfs: Get rid of getxattr iop
sockfs: getxattr: Fail with -EOPNOTSUPP for invalid attribute names
kernfs: Switch to generic xattr handlers
hfs: Switch to generic xattr handlers
jffs2: Remove jffs2_{get,set,remove}xattr macros
xattr: Remove unnecessary NULL attribute name check
with maintenance operations offloaded to userspace (Douglas Fuller,
Mike Christie and myself). Another block device bullet is a series
fixing up layering error paths (myself).
On the filesystem side, we've got patches that improve our handling of
buffered vs dio write races (Neil Brown) and a few assorted fixes from
Zheng. Also included a couple of random cleanups and a minor CRUSH
update.
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Merge tag 'ceph-for-4.9-rc1' of git://github.com/ceph/ceph-client
Pull Ceph updates from Ilya Dryomov:
"The big ticket item here is support for rbd exclusive-lock feature,
with maintenance operations offloaded to userspace (Douglas Fuller,
Mike Christie and myself). Another block device bullet is a series
fixing up layering error paths (myself).
On the filesystem side, we've got patches that improve our handling of
buffered vs dio write races (Neil Brown) and a few assorted fixes from
Zheng. Also included a couple of random cleanups and a minor CRUSH
update"
* tag 'ceph-for-4.9-rc1' of git://github.com/ceph/ceph-client: (39 commits)
crush: remove redundant local variable
crush: don't normalize input of crush_ln iteratively
libceph: ceph_build_auth() doesn't need ceph_auth_build_hello()
libceph: use CEPH_AUTH_UNKNOWN in ceph_auth_build_hello()
ceph: fix description for rsize and rasize mount options
rbd: use kmalloc_array() in rbd_header_from_disk()
ceph: use list_move instead of list_del/list_add
ceph: handle CEPH_SESSION_REJECT message
ceph: avoid accessing / when mounting a subpath
ceph: fix mandatory flock check
ceph: remove warning when ceph_releasepage() is called on dirty page
ceph: ignore error from invalidate_inode_pages2_range() in direct write
ceph: fix error handling of start_read()
rbd: add rbd_obj_request_error() helper
rbd: img_data requests don't own their page array
rbd: don't call rbd_osd_req_format_read() for !img_data requests
rbd: rework rbd_img_obj_exists_submit() error paths
rbd: don't crash or leak on errors in rbd_img_obj_parent_read_full_callback()
rbd: move bumping img_request refcount into rbd_obj_request_submit()
rbd: mark the original request as done if stat request fails
...
Pull misc vfs updates from Al Viro:
"Assorted misc bits and pieces.
There are several single-topic branches left after this (rename2
series from Miklos, current_time series from Deepa Dinamani, xattr
series from Andreas, uaccess stuff from from me) and I'd prefer to
send those separately"
* 'work.misc' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs: (39 commits)
proc: switch auxv to use of __mem_open()
hpfs: support FIEMAP
cifs: get rid of unused arguments of CIFSSMBWrite()
posix_acl: uapi header split
posix_acl: xattr representation cleanups
fs/aio.c: eliminate redundant loads in put_aio_ring_file
fs/internal.h: add const to ns_dentry_operations declaration
compat: remove compat_printk()
fs/buffer.c: make __getblk_slow() static
proc: unsigned file descriptors
fs/file: more unsigned file descriptors
fs: compat: remove redundant check of nr_segs
cachefiles: Fix attempt to read i_blocks after deleting file [ver #2]
cifs: don't use memcpy() to copy struct iov_iter
get rid of separate multipage fault-in primitives
fs: Avoid premature clearing of capabilities
fs: Give dentry to inode_change_ok() instead of inode
fuse: Propagate dentry down to inode_change_ok()
ceph: Propagate dentry down to inode_change_ok()
xfs: Propagate dentry down to inode_change_ok()
...
Update 00-INDEX files with the current file list to reflect the runnable
code move.
Acked-by: Michal Marek <mmarek@suse.com>
Acked-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Reviewed-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Shuah Khan <shuahkh@osg.samsung.com>
Add some more description on the limitations for smaps/maps readings, as
well as some guaruntees we can make.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1475296958-27652-2-git-send-email-robert.hu@intel.com
Signed-off-by: Robert Ho <robert.hu@intel.com>
Acked-by: Michal Hocko <mhocko@suse.com>
Cc: Dave Hansen <dave.hansen@intel.com>
Cc: Xiao Guangrong <guangrong.xiao@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Robert Hu <robert.hu@intel.com>
Cc: Oleg Nesterov <oleg@redhat.com>
Cc: Paolo Bonzini <pbonzini@redhat.com>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Gleb Natapov <gleb@kernel.org>
Cc: Marcelo Tosatti <mtosatti@redhat.com>
Cc: Stefan Hajnoczi <stefanha@redhat.com>
Cc: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
All filesystems that support xattrs by now do so via xattr handlers.
They all define sb->s_xattr, and their getxattr, setxattr, and
removexattr inode operations use the generic inode operations. On
filesystems that don't support xattrs, the xattr inode operations are
all NULL, and sb->s_xattr is also NULL.
This means that we can remove the getxattr, setxattr, and removexattr
inode operations and directly call the generic handlers, or better,
inline expand those handlers into fs/xattr.c.
Filesystems that do not support xattrs on some inodes should clear the
IOP_XATTR i_opflags flag in those inodes. (Right now, some filesystems
have checks to disable xattrs on some inodes in the ->list, ->get, and
->set xattr handler operations instead.) The IOP_XATTR flag is
automatically cleared in inodes of filesystems that don't have xattr
support.
In orangefs, symlinks do have a setxattr iop but no getxattr iop. Add a
check for symlinks to orangefs_inode_getxattr to preserve the current,
weird behavior; that check may not be necessary though.
Signed-off-by: Andreas Gruenbacher <agruenba@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
injection facility. With this, we could fix several corner cases. And, in order
to improve the performance, we set inline_dentry by default and enhance the
exisiting discard issue flow. In addition, we added f2fs_migrate_page for better
memory management.
= Enhancement =
- set inline_dentry by default
- improve discard issue flow
- add more fault injection cases in f2fs
- allow block preallocation for encrypted files
- introduce migrate_page callback function
- avoid truncating the next direct node block at every checkpoint
= Bug fixes =
- set page flag correctly between write_begin and write_end
- missing error handling cases detected by fault injection
- preallocate blocks regarding to 4KB alignement correctly
- dentry and filename handling of encryption
- lost xattrs of directories
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Merge tag 'for-f2fs-4.9' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs
Pull f2fs updates from Jaegeuk Kim:
"In this round, we've investigated how f2fs deals with errors given by
our fault injection facility. With this, we could fix several corner
cases. And, in order to improve the performance, we set inline_dentry
by default and enhance the exisiting discard issue flow. In addition,
we added f2fs_migrate_page for better memory management.
Enhancements:
- set inline_dentry by default
- improve discard issue flow
- add more fault injection cases in f2fs
- allow block preallocation for encrypted files
- introduce migrate_page callback function
- avoid truncating the next direct node block at every checkpoint
Bug fixes:
- set page flag correctly between write_begin and write_end
- missing error handling cases detected by fault injection
- preallocate blocks regarding to 4KB alignement correctly
- dentry and filename handling of encryption
- lost xattrs of directories"
* tag 'for-f2fs-4.9' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs: (69 commits)
f2fs: introduce update_ckpt_flags to clean up
f2fs: don't submit irrelevant page
f2fs: fix to commit bio cache after flushing node pages
f2fs: introduce get_checkpoint_version for cleanup
f2fs: remove dead variable
f2fs: remove redundant io plug
f2fs: support checkpoint error injection
f2fs: fix to recover old fault injection config in ->remount_fs
f2fs: do fault injection initialization in default_options
f2fs: remove redundant value definition
f2fs: support configuring fault injection per superblock
f2fs: adjust display format of segment bit
f2fs: remove dirty inode pages in error path
f2fs: do not unnecessarily null-terminate encrypted symlink data
f2fs: handle errors during recover_orphan_inodes
f2fs: avoid gc in cp_error case
f2fs: should put_page for summary page
f2fs: assign return value in f2fs_gc
f2fs: add customized migrate_page callback
f2fs: introduce cp_lock to protect updating of ckpt_flags
...
Included in this update:
- change of XFS mailing list to linux-xfs@vger.kernel.org
- iomap-based DAX infrastructure w/ XFS and ext2 support
- small iomap fixes and additions
- more efficient XFS delayed allocation infrastructure based on iomap
- a rework of log recovery writeback scheduling to ensure we don't
fail recovery when trying to replay items that are already on disk
- some preparation patches for upcoming reflink support
- configurable error handling fixes and documentation
- aio access time update race fixes for XFS and generic_file_read_iter
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Merge tag 'xfs-for-linus-4.9-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dgc/linux-xfs
Pull xfs and iomap updates from Dave Chinner:
"The main things in this update are the iomap-based DAX infrastructure,
an XFS delalloc rework, and a chunk of fixes to how log recovery
schedules writeback to prevent spurious corruption detections when
recovery of certain items was not required.
The other main chunk of code is some preparation for the upcoming
reflink functionality. Most of it is generic and cleanups that stand
alone, but they were ready and reviewed so are in this pull request.
Speaking of reflink, I'm currently planning to send you another pull
request next week containing all the new reflink functionality. I'm
working through a similar process to the last cycle, where I sent the
reverse mapping code in a separate request because of how large it
was. The reflink code merge is even bigger than reverse mapping, so
I'll be doing the same thing again....
Summary for this update:
- change of XFS mailing list to linux-xfs@vger.kernel.org
- iomap-based DAX infrastructure w/ XFS and ext2 support
- small iomap fixes and additions
- more efficient XFS delayed allocation infrastructure based on iomap
- a rework of log recovery writeback scheduling to ensure we don't
fail recovery when trying to replay items that are already on disk
- some preparation patches for upcoming reflink support
- configurable error handling fixes and documentation
- aio access time update race fixes for XFS and
generic_file_read_iter"
* tag 'xfs-for-linus-4.9-rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/dgc/linux-xfs: (40 commits)
fs: update atime before I/O in generic_file_read_iter
xfs: update atime before I/O in xfs_file_dio_aio_read
ext2: fix possible integer truncation in ext2_iomap_begin
xfs: log recovery tracepoints to track current lsn and buffer submission
xfs: update metadata LSN in buffers during log recovery
xfs: don't warn on buffers not being recovered due to LSN
xfs: pass current lsn to log recovery buffer validation
xfs: rework log recovery to submit buffers on LSN boundaries
xfs: quiesce the filesystem after recovery on readonly mount
xfs: remote attribute blocks aren't really userdata
ext2: use iomap to implement DAX
ext2: stop passing buffer_head to ext2_get_blocks
xfs: use iomap to implement DAX
xfs: refactor xfs_setfilesize
xfs: take the ilock shared if possible in xfs_file_iomap_begin
xfs: fix locking for DAX writes
dax: provide an iomap based fault handler
dax: provide an iomap based dax read/write path
dax: don't pass buffer_head to copy_user_dax
dax: don't pass buffer_head to dax_insert_mapping
...
The Sphinx transition is still creating a fair amount of work. Here we
have a number of fixes and, importantly, a proper PDF output solution,
thanks to Jani Nikula, Mauro Carvalho Chehab and Markus Heiser.
I've started a couple of new books: a driver API book (based on the old
device-drivers.tmpl) and a development tools book. Both are meant to show
how we can integrate together our existing documentation into a more
coherent and accessible whole. It involves moving some stuff around and
formatting changes, but, I think, the results are worth it. The good news
is that most of our existing Documentation/*.txt files are *almost* in RST
format already; the amount of messing around required is minimal.
And, of course, there's the usual set of updates, typo fixes, and more.
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Merge tag 'docs-4.9' of git://git.lwn.net/linux
Pull documentation updates from Jonathan Corbet:
"This is the documentation update pull for the 4.9 merge window.
The Sphinx transition is still creating a fair amount of work. Here we
have a number of fixes and, importantly, a proper PDF output solution,
thanks to Jani Nikula, Mauro Carvalho Chehab and Markus Heiser.
I've started a couple of new books: a driver API book (based on the
old device-drivers.tmpl) and a development tools book. Both are meant
to show how we can integrate together our existing documentation into
a more coherent and accessible whole. It involves moving some stuff
around and formatting changes, but, I think, the results are worth it.
The good news is that most of our existing Documentation/*.txt files
are *almost* in RST format already; the amount of messing around
required is minimal.
And, of course, there's the usual set of updates, typo fixes, and
more"
* tag 'docs-4.9' of git://git.lwn.net/linux: (120 commits)
URL changed for Linux Foundation TAB
dax : Fix documentation with respect to struct pages
iio: Documentation: Correct the path used to create triggers.
docs: Remove space-before-label guidance from CodingStyle
docs-rst: add inter-document cross references
Documentation/email-clients.txt: convert it to ReST markup
Documentation/kernel-docs.txt: reorder based on timestamp
Documentation/kernel-docs.txt: Add dates for online docs
Documentation/kernel-docs.txt: get rid of broken docs
Documentation/kernel-docs.txt: move in-kernel docs
Documentation/kernel-docs.txt: remove more legacy references
Documentation/kernel-docs.txt: add two published books
Documentation/kernel-docs.txt: sort books per publication date
Documentation/kernel-docs.txt: adjust LDD references
Documentation/kernel-docs.txt: some improvements on the ReST output
Documentation/kernel-docs.txt: Consistent indenting: 4 spaces
Documentation/kernel-docs.txt: Add 4 paper/book references
Documentation/kernel-docs.txt: Improve layouting of book list
Documentation/kernel-docs.txt: Remove offline or outdated entries
docs: Clean up bare :: lines
...
The documentation for dax is not up to date with respect to the struct
page support available in some of the device drivers that utilize
it.
Signed-off-by: Stephen Bates <sbates@raithlin.com>
Acked-by: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
inode_change_ok() will be resposible for clearing capabilities and IMA
extended attributes and as such will need dentry. Give it as an argument
to inode_change_ok() instead of an inode. Also rename inode_change_ok()
to setattr_prepare() to better relect that it does also some
modifications in addition to checks.
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Move dnotify_test.c, Makefile, and .gitignore from Documentation/filesystems
to selftests/filesystems.
Remove filesystems build target from Documentation/Makefile and update
selftests/filesystems/Makefile to work under selftests. dnotify_test will
not be run as part of selftests suite and will not be included in install
targets. It can be built separately for now.
Acked-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Signed-off-by: Shuah Khan <shuahkh@osg.samsung.com>
Document the implementation of error handlers into sysfs.
[dchinner: Added lots more detail.]
Signed-off-by: Carlos Maiolino <cmaiolino@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Dave Chinner <dchinner@redhat.com>
Fixed a -> an typo.
Signed-off-by: Robert Foss <robert.foss@collabora.com>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Make inline_dentry as default mount option to improve space usage and
IO performance in scenario of numerous small directory.
It adds noinline_dentry mount option, instead.
Signed-off-by: Chao Yu <yuchao0@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
"make help" if sphinx isn't present.
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Merge tag 'doc-4.8-fixes' of git://git.lwn.net/linux
Pull documentation fixes from Jonathan Corbet:
"Three fixes for the docs build, including removing an annoying warning
on 'make help' if sphinx isn't present"
* tag 'doc-4.8-fixes' of git://git.lwn.net/linux:
DocBook: use DOCBOOKS="" to ignore DocBooks instead of IGNORE_DOCBOOKS=1
Documenation: update cgroup's document path
Documentation/sphinx: do not warn about missing tools in 'make help'
Pull more vfs updates from Al Viro:
"Assorted cleanups and fixes.
In the "trivial API change" department - ->d_compare() losing 'parent'
argument"
* 'for-linus-2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
cachefiles: Fix race between inactivating and culling a cache object
9p: use clone_fid()
9p: fix braino introduced in "9p: new helper - v9fs_parent_fid()"
vfs: make dentry_needs_remove_privs() internal
vfs: remove file_needs_remove_privs()
vfs: fix deadlock in file_remove_privs() on overlayfs
get rid of 'parent' argument of ->d_compare()
cifs, msdos, vfat, hfs+: don't bother with parent in ->d_compare()
affs ->d_compare(): don't bother with ->d_inode
fold _d_rehash() and __d_rehash() together
fold dentry_rcuwalk_invalidate() into its only remaining caller
cgroup's document path is changed to "cgroup-v1". update it.
Signed-off-by: seokhoon.yoon <iamyooon@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Merge yet more updates from Andrew Morton:
- the rest of ocfs2
- various hotfixes, mainly MM
- quite a bit of misc stuff - drivers, fork, exec, signals, etc.
- printk updates
- firmware
- checkpatch
- nilfs2
- more kexec stuff than usual
- rapidio updates
- w1 things
* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (111 commits)
ipc: delete "nr_ipc_ns"
kcov: allow more fine-grained coverage instrumentation
init/Kconfig: add clarification for out-of-tree modules
config: add android config fragments
init/Kconfig: ban CONFIG_LOCALVERSION_AUTO with allmodconfig
relay: add global mode support for buffer-only channels
init: allow blacklisting of module_init functions
w1:omap_hdq: fix regression
w1: add helper macro module_w1_family
w1: remove need for ida and use PLATFORM_DEVID_AUTO
rapidio/switches: add driver for IDT gen3 switches
powerpc/fsl_rio: apply changes for RIO spec rev 3
rapidio: modify for rev.3 specification changes
rapidio: change inbound window size type to u64
rapidio/idt_gen2: fix locking warning
rapidio: fix error handling in mbox request/release functions
rapidio/tsi721_dma: advance queue processing from transfer submit call
rapidio/tsi721: add messaging mbox selector parameter
rapidio/tsi721: add PCIe MRRS override parameter
rapidio/tsi721_dma: add channel mask and queue size parameters
...
The header file "include/linux/nilfs2_fs.h" is composed of parts for
ioctl and disk format, and both are intended to be shared with user
space programs.
This moves them to the uapi directory "include/uapi/linux" splitting the
file to "nilfs2_api.h" and "nilfs2_ondisk.h". The following minor
changes are accompanied by this migration:
- nilfs_direct_node struct in nilfs2/direct.h is converged to
nilfs2_ondisk.h because it's an on-disk structure.
- inline functions nilfs_rec_len_from_disk() and
nilfs_rec_len_to_disk() are moved to nilfs2/dir.c.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1465825507-3407-4-git-send-email-konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jp
Signed-off-by: Ryusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Describe use of jiffy-based timeout values involved in inode maintenance.
Signed-off-by: Mike Marshall <hubcap@omnibond.com>
Signed-off-by: Martin Brandenburg <martin@omnibond.com>
1/ Replace pcommit with ADR / directed-flushing:
The pcommit instruction, which has not shipped on any product, is
deprecated. Instead, the requirement is that platforms implement either
ADR, or provide one or more flush addresses per nvdimm. ADR
(Asynchronous DRAM Refresh) flushes data in posted write buffers to the
memory controller on a power-fail event. Flush addresses are defined in
ACPI 6.x as an NVDIMM Firmware Interface Table (NFIT) sub-structure:
"Flush Hint Address Structure". A flush hint is an mmio address that
when written and fenced assures that all previous posted writes
targeting a given dimm have been flushed to media.
2/ On-demand ARS (address range scrub):
Linux uses the results of the ACPI ARS commands to track bad blocks
in pmem devices. When latent errors are detected we re-scrub the media
to refresh the bad block list, userspace can also request a re-scrub at
any time.
3/ Support for the Microsoft DSM (device specific method) command format.
4/ Support for EDK2/OVMF virtual disk device memory ranges.
5/ Various fixes and cleanups across the subsystem.
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Merge tag 'libnvdimm-for-4.8' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/nvdimm/nvdimm
Pull libnvdimm updates from Dan Williams:
- Replace pcommit with ADR / directed-flushing.
The pcommit instruction, which has not shipped on any product, is
deprecated. Instead, the requirement is that platforms implement
either ADR, or provide one or more flush addresses per nvdimm.
ADR (Asynchronous DRAM Refresh) flushes data in posted write buffers
to the memory controller on a power-fail event.
Flush addresses are defined in ACPI 6.x as an NVDIMM Firmware
Interface Table (NFIT) sub-structure: "Flush Hint Address Structure".
A flush hint is an mmio address that when written and fenced assures
that all previous posted writes targeting a given dimm have been
flushed to media.
- On-demand ARS (address range scrub).
Linux uses the results of the ACPI ARS commands to track bad blocks
in pmem devices. When latent errors are detected we re-scrub the
media to refresh the bad block list, userspace can also request a
re-scrub at any time.
- Support for the Microsoft DSM (device specific method) command
format.
- Support for EDK2/OVMF virtual disk device memory ranges.
- Various fixes and cleanups across the subsystem.
* tag 'libnvdimm-for-4.8' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/nvdimm/nvdimm: (41 commits)
libnvdimm-btt: Delete an unnecessary check before the function call "__nd_device_register"
nfit: do an ARS scrub on hitting a latent media error
nfit: move to nfit/ sub-directory
nfit, libnvdimm: allow an ARS scrub to be triggered on demand
libnvdimm: register nvdimm_bus devices with an nd_bus driver
pmem: clarify a debug print in pmem_clear_poison
x86/insn: remove pcommit
Revert "KVM: x86: add pcommit support"
nfit, tools/testing/nvdimm/: unify shutdown paths
libnvdimm: move ->module to struct nvdimm_bus_descriptor
nfit: cleanup acpi_nfit_init calling convention
nfit: fix _FIT evaluation memory leak + use after free
tools/testing/nvdimm: add manufacturing_{date|location} dimm properties
tools/testing/nvdimm: add virtual ramdisk range
acpi, nfit: treat virtual ramdisk SPA as pmem region
pmem: kill __pmem address space
pmem: kill wmb_pmem()
libnvdimm, pmem: use nvdimm_flush() for namespace I/O writes
fs/dax: remove wmb_pmem()
libnvdimm, pmem: flush posted-write queues on shutdown
...
Pull vfs updates from Al Viro:
"Assorted cleanups and fixes.
Probably the most interesting part long-term is ->d_init() - that will
have a bunch of followups in (at least) ceph and lustre, but we'll
need to sort the barrier-related rules before it can get used for
really non-trivial stuff.
Another fun thing is the merge of ->d_iput() callers (dentry_iput()
and dentry_unlink_inode()) and a bunch of ->d_compare() ones (all
except the one in __d_lookup_lru())"
* 'work.misc' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs: (26 commits)
fs/dcache.c: avoid soft-lockup in dput()
vfs: new d_init method
vfs: Update lookup_dcache() comment
bdev: get rid of ->bd_inodes
Remove last traces of ->sync_page
new helper: d_same_name()
dentry_cmp(): use lockless_dereference() instead of smp_read_barrier_depends()
vfs: clean up documentation
vfs: document ->d_real()
vfs: merge .d_select_inode() into .d_real()
unify dentry_iput() and dentry_unlink_inode()
binfmt_misc: ->s_root is not going anywhere
drop redundant ->owner initializations
ufs: get rid of redundant checks
orangefs: constify inode_operations
missed comment updates from ->direct_IO() prototype change
file_inode(f)->i_mapping is f->f_mapping
trim fsnotify hooks a bit
9p: new helper - v9fs_parent_fid()
debugfs: ->d_parent is never NULL or negative
...
replacing redundant inode page updates with mark_inode_dirty calls. And we tried
to reduce lock contentions as well to improve filesystem scalability.
Other feature is setting F2FS automatically when detecting host-managed SMR.
= Enhancement =
- ioctl to move a range of data between files
- inject orphan inode errors
- avoid flush commands congestion
- support lazytime
= Bug fixes =
- return proper results for some dentry operations
- fix deadlock in add_link failure
- disable extent_cache for fcollapse/finsert
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Merge tag 'for-f2fs-4.8' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs
Pull f2fs updates from Jaegeuk Kim:
"The major change in this version is mitigating cpu overheads on write
paths by replacing redundant inode page updates with mark_inode_dirty
calls. And we tried to reduce lock contentions as well to improve
filesystem scalability. Other feature is setting F2FS automatically
when detecting host-managed SMR.
Enhancements:
- ioctl to move a range of data between files
- inject orphan inode errors
- avoid flush commands congestion
- support lazytime
Bug fixes:
- return proper results for some dentry operations
- fix deadlock in add_link failure
- disable extent_cache for fcollapse/finsert"
* tag 'for-f2fs-4.8' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/jaegeuk/f2fs: (68 commits)
f2fs: clean up coding style and redundancy
f2fs: get victim segment again after new cp
f2fs: handle error case with f2fs_bug_on
f2fs: avoid data race when deciding checkpoin in f2fs_sync_file
f2fs: support an ioctl to move a range of data blocks
f2fs: fix to report error number of f2fs_find_entry
f2fs: avoid memory allocation failure due to a long length
f2fs: reset default idle interval value
f2fs: use blk_plug in all the possible paths
f2fs: fix to avoid data update racing between GC and DIO
f2fs: add maximum prefree segments
f2fs: disable extent_cache for fcollapse/finsert inodes
f2fs: refactor __exchange_data_block for speed up
f2fs: fix ERR_PTR returned by bio
f2fs: avoid mark_inode_dirty
f2fs: move i_size_write in f2fs_write_end
f2fs: fix to avoid redundant discard during fstrim
f2fs: avoid mismatching block range for discard
f2fs: fix incorrect f_bfree calculation in ->statfs
f2fs: use percpu_rw_semaphore
...
Merge updates from Andrew Morton:
- a few misc bits
- ocfs2
- most(?) of MM
* emailed patches from Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>: (125 commits)
thp: fix comments of __pmd_trans_huge_lock()
cgroup: remove unnecessary 0 check from css_from_id()
cgroup: fix idr leak for the first cgroup root
mm: memcontrol: fix documentation for compound parameter
mm: memcontrol: remove BUG_ON in uncharge_list
mm: fix build warnings in <linux/compaction.h>
mm, thp: convert from optimistic swapin collapsing to conservative
mm, thp: fix comment inconsistency for swapin readahead functions
thp: update Documentation/{vm/transhuge,filesystems/proc}.txt
shmem: split huge pages beyond i_size under memory pressure
thp: introduce CONFIG_TRANSPARENT_HUGE_PAGECACHE
khugepaged: add support of collapse for tmpfs/shmem pages
shmem: make shmem_inode_info::lock irq-safe
khugepaged: move up_read(mmap_sem) out of khugepaged_alloc_page()
thp: extract khugepaged from mm/huge_memory.c
shmem, thp: respect MADV_{NO,}HUGEPAGE for file mappings
shmem: add huge pages support
shmem: get_unmapped_area align huge page
shmem: prepare huge= mount option and sysfs knob
mm, rmap: account shmem thp pages
...
The idea borrowed from Peter's patch from patchset on speculative page
faults[1]:
Instead of passing around the endless list of function arguments,
replace the lot with a single structure so we can change context without
endless function signature changes.
The changes are mostly mechanical with exception of faultaround code:
filemap_map_pages() got reworked a bit.
This patch is preparation for the next one.
[1] http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20141020222841.302891540@infradead.org
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1466021202-61880-9-git-send-email-kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Kirill A. Shutemov <kirill.shutemov@linux.intel.com>
Acked-by: Peter Zijlstra (Intel) <peterz@infradead.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We have allowed migration for only LRU pages until now and it was enough
to make high-order pages. But recently, embedded system(e.g., webOS,
android) uses lots of non-movable pages(e.g., zram, GPU memory) so we
have seen several reports about troubles of small high-order allocation.
For fixing the problem, there were several efforts (e,g,. enhance
compaction algorithm, SLUB fallback to 0-order page, reserved memory,
vmalloc and so on) but if there are lots of non-movable pages in system,
their solutions are void in the long run.
So, this patch is to support facility to change non-movable pages with
movable. For the feature, this patch introduces functions related to
migration to address_space_operations as well as some page flags.
If a driver want to make own pages movable, it should define three
functions which are function pointers of struct
address_space_operations.
1. bool (*isolate_page) (struct page *page, isolate_mode_t mode);
What VM expects on isolate_page function of driver is to return *true*
if driver isolates page successfully. On returing true, VM marks the
page as PG_isolated so concurrent isolation in several CPUs skip the
page for isolation. If a driver cannot isolate the page, it should
return *false*.
Once page is successfully isolated, VM uses page.lru fields so driver
shouldn't expect to preserve values in that fields.
2. int (*migratepage) (struct address_space *mapping,
struct page *newpage, struct page *oldpage, enum migrate_mode);
After isolation, VM calls migratepage of driver with isolated page. The
function of migratepage is to move content of the old page to new page
and set up fields of struct page newpage. Keep in mind that you should
indicate to the VM the oldpage is no longer movable via
__ClearPageMovable() under page_lock if you migrated the oldpage
successfully and returns 0. If driver cannot migrate the page at the
moment, driver can return -EAGAIN. On -EAGAIN, VM will retry page
migration in a short time because VM interprets -EAGAIN as "temporal
migration failure". On returning any error except -EAGAIN, VM will give
up the page migration without retrying in this time.
Driver shouldn't touch page.lru field VM using in the functions.
3. void (*putback_page)(struct page *);
If migration fails on isolated page, VM should return the isolated page
to the driver so VM calls driver's putback_page with migration failed
page. In this function, driver should put the isolated page back to the
own data structure.
4. non-lru movable page flags
There are two page flags for supporting non-lru movable page.
* PG_movable
Driver should use the below function to make page movable under
page_lock.
void __SetPageMovable(struct page *page, struct address_space *mapping)
It needs argument of address_space for registering migration family
functions which will be called by VM. Exactly speaking, PG_movable is
not a real flag of struct page. Rather than, VM reuses page->mapping's
lower bits to represent it.
#define PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE 0x2
page->mapping = page->mapping | PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE;
so driver shouldn't access page->mapping directly. Instead, driver
should use page_mapping which mask off the low two bits of page->mapping
so it can get right struct address_space.
For testing of non-lru movable page, VM supports __PageMovable function.
However, it doesn't guarantee to identify non-lru movable page because
page->mapping field is unified with other variables in struct page. As
well, if driver releases the page after isolation by VM, page->mapping
doesn't have stable value although it has PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE (Look at
__ClearPageMovable). But __PageMovable is cheap to catch whether page
is LRU or non-lru movable once the page has been isolated. Because LRU
pages never can have PAGE_MAPPING_MOVABLE in page->mapping. It is also
good for just peeking to test non-lru movable pages before more
expensive checking with lock_page in pfn scanning to select victim.
For guaranteeing non-lru movable page, VM provides PageMovable function.
Unlike __PageMovable, PageMovable functions validates page->mapping and
mapping->a_ops->isolate_page under lock_page. The lock_page prevents
sudden destroying of page->mapping.
Driver using __SetPageMovable should clear the flag via
__ClearMovablePage under page_lock before the releasing the page.
* PG_isolated
To prevent concurrent isolation among several CPUs, VM marks isolated
page as PG_isolated under lock_page. So if a CPU encounters PG_isolated
non-lru movable page, it can skip it. Driver doesn't need to manipulate
the flag because VM will set/clear it automatically. Keep in mind that
if driver sees PG_isolated page, it means the page have been isolated by
VM so it shouldn't touch page.lru field. PG_isolated is alias with
PG_reclaim flag so driver shouldn't use the flag for own purpose.
[opensource.ganesh@gmail.com: mm/compaction: remove local variable is_lru]
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160618014841.GA7422@leo-test
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1464736881-24886-3-git-send-email-minchan@kernel.org
Signed-off-by: Gioh Kim <gi-oh.kim@profitbricks.com>
Signed-off-by: Minchan Kim <minchan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Ganesh Mahendran <opensource.ganesh@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Vlastimil Babka <vbabka@suse.cz>
Cc: Sergey Senozhatsky <sergey.senozhatsky@gmail.com>
Cc: Rik van Riel <riel@redhat.com>
Cc: Joonsoo Kim <iamjoonsoo.kim@lge.com>
Cc: Mel Gorman <mgorman@suse.de>
Cc: Hugh Dickins <hughd@google.com>
Cc: Rafael Aquini <aquini@redhat.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Cc: John Einar Reitan <john.reitan@foss.arm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
These are originally from Matthew Wilcox and were part of his huge
"mm,fs,dax: Change ->pmd_fault to ->huge_fault" patch that was part of
PUD support.
I'm breaking these small changes out as they stand on their own and add
useful information to Documentation/filesystems/dax.txt.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/20160714214049.20075-1-ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com
Signed-off-by: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Alexander Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Andreas Dilger <adilger.kernel@dilger.ca>
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.com>
Cc: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
documentation mechanism based on the Sphinx system. The objectives here
are to make it easier to create better-integrated (and more attractive)
documents while (eventually) dumping our one-of-a-kind, cobbled-together
system for something that is widely used and maintained by others. There's
a fair amount of information what's being done, why, and how to use it in:
https://lwn.net/Articles/692704/https://lwn.net/Articles/692705/
Closer to home, Documentation/kernel-documentation.rst describes how it
works.
For now, the new system exists alongside the old one; you should soon see
the GPU documentation converted over in the DRM pull and some significant
media conversion work as well. Once all the docs have been moved over and
we're convinced that the rough edges (of which are are a few) have been
smoothed over, the DocBook-based stuff should go away.
Primary credit is to Jani Nikula for doing the heavy lifting to make this
stuff actually work; there has also been notable effort from Markus Heiser,
Daniel Vetter, and Mauro Carvalho Chehab.
Expect a couple of conflicts on the new index.rst file over the course of
the merge window; they are trivially resolvable. That file may be a bit of
a conflict magnet in the short term, but I don't expect that situation to
last for any real length of time.
Beyond that, of course, we have the usual collection of tweaks, updates,
and typo fixes.
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Merge tag 'docs-for-linus' of git://git.lwn.net/linux
Pull documentation updates from Jonathan Corbet:
"Some big changes this month, headlined by the addition of a new
formatted documentation mechanism based on the Sphinx system.
The objectives here are to make it easier to create better-integrated
(and more attractive) documents while (eventually) dumping our
one-of-a-kind, cobbled-together system for something that is widely
used and maintained by others. There's a fair amount of information
what's being done, why, and how to use it in:
https://lwn.net/Articles/692704/https://lwn.net/Articles/692705/
Closer to home, Documentation/kernel-documentation.rst describes how
it works.
For now, the new system exists alongside the old one; you should soon
see the GPU documentation converted over in the DRM pull and some
significant media conversion work as well. Once all the docs have
been moved over and we're convinced that the rough edges (of which are
are a few) have been smoothed over, the DocBook-based stuff should go
away.
Primary credit is to Jani Nikula for doing the heavy lifting to make
this stuff actually work; there has also been notable effort from
Markus Heiser, Daniel Vetter, and Mauro Carvalho Chehab.
Expect a couple of conflicts on the new index.rst file over the course
of the merge window; they are trivially resolvable. That file may be
a bit of a conflict magnet in the short term, but I don't expect that
situation to last for any real length of time.
Beyond that, of course, we have the usual collection of tweaks,
updates, and typo fixes"
* tag 'docs-for-linus' of git://git.lwn.net/linux: (77 commits)
doc-rst: kernel-doc: fix handling of address_space tags
Revert "doc/sphinx: Enable keep_warnings"
doc-rst: kernel-doc directive, fix state machine reporter
docs: deprecate kernel-doc-nano-HOWTO.txt
doc/sphinx: Enable keep_warnings
Documentation: add watermark_scale_factor to the list of vm systcl file
kernel-doc: Fix up warning output
docs: Get rid of some kernel-documentation warnings
doc-rst: add an option to ignore DocBooks when generating docs
workqueue: Fix a typo in workqueue.txt
Doc: ocfs: Fix typo in filesystems/ocfs2-online-filecheck.txt
Documentation/sphinx: skip build if user requested specific DOCBOOKS
Documentation: add cleanmediadocs to the documentation targets
Add .pyc files to .gitignore
Doc: PM: Fix a typo in intel_powerclamp.txt
doc-rst: flat-table directive - initial implementation
Documentation: add meta-documentation for Sphinx and kernel-doc
Documentation: tiny typo fix in usb/gadget_multi.txt
Documentation: fix wrong value in md.txt
bcache: documentation formatting, edited for clarity, stripe alignment notes
...
The __pmem address space was meant to annotate codepaths that touch
persistent memory and need to coordinate a call to wmb_pmem(). Now that
wmb_pmem() is gone, there is little need to keep this annotation.
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
This command:
echo 5 > /proc/irq/10/smp_affinity
means only the first and third (not fourth) CPUs can handle irqs
That is, CPU0 is the first CPU and CPU2 is the third cpu
Signed-off-by: John Kacur <jkacur@redhat.com>
Cc: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Peter Zijlstra <peterz@infradead.org>
Cc: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1466168715-8410-1-git-send-email-jkacur@redhat.com
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@kernel.org>
This patch fix some spelling typo found in ocfs2-online-filecheck.txt
Signed-off-by: Masanari Iida <standby24x7@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jonathan Corbet <corbet@lwn.net>
Commit 7eaceaccab removed ->sync_page, but a few mentions of it still
existed in documentation and comments,
Signed-off-by: Matthew Wilcox <matthew.r.wilcox@intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
This mount option is to enable original log-structured filesystem forcefully.
So, there should be no random writes for main area.
Especially, this supports host-managed SMR device.
Signed-off-by: Jaegeuk Kim <jaegeuk@kernel.org>
The /dev/ptmx device node is changed to lookup the directory entry "pts"
in the same directory as the /dev/ptmx device node was opened in. If
there is a "pts" entry and that entry is a devpts filesystem /dev/ptmx
uses that filesystem. Otherwise the open of /dev/ptmx fails.
The DEVPTS_MULTIPLE_INSTANCES configuration option is removed, so that
userspace can now safely depend on each mount of devpts creating a new
instance of the filesystem.
Each mount of devpts is now a separate and equal filesystem.
Reserved ttys are now available to all instances of devpts where the
mounter is in the initial mount namespace.
A new vfs helper path_pts is introduced that finds a directory entry
named "pts" in the directory of the passed in path, and changes the
passed in path to point to it. The helper path_pts uses a function
path_parent_directory that was factored out of follow_dotdot.
In the implementation of devpts:
- devpts_mnt is killed as it is no longer meaningful if all mounts of
devpts are equal.
- pts_sb_from_inode is replaced by just inode->i_sb as all cached
inodes in the tty layer are now from the devpts filesystem.
- devpts_add_ref is rolled into the new function devpts_ptmx. And the
unnecessary inode hold is removed.
- devpts_del_ref is renamed devpts_release and reduced to just a
deacrivate_super.
- The newinstance mount option continues to be accepted but is now
ignored.
In devpts_fs.h definitions for when !CONFIG_UNIX98_PTYS are removed as
they are never used.
Documentation/filesystems/devices.txt is updated to describe the current
situation.
This has been verified to work properly on openwrt-15.05, centos5,
centos6, centos7, debian-6.0.2, debian-7.9, debian-8.2, ubuntu-14.04.3,
ubuntu-15.10, fedora23, magia-5, mint-17.3, opensuse-42.1,
slackware-14.1, gentoo-20151225 (13.0?), archlinux-2015-12-01. With the
caveat that on centos6 and on slackware-14.1 that there wind up being
two instances of the devpts filesystem mounted on /dev/pts, the lower
copy does not end up getting used.
Signed-off-by: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
Cc: Peter Hurley <peter@hurleysoftware.com>
Cc: Peter Anvin <hpa@zytor.com>
Cc: Andy Lutomirski <luto@amacapital.net>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Serge Hallyn <serge.hallyn@ubuntu.com>
Cc: Willy Tarreau <w@1wt.eu>
Cc: Aurelien Jarno <aurelien@aurel32.net>
Cc: One Thousand Gnomes <gnomes@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>
Cc: Jann Horn <jann@thejh.net>
Cc: Jiri Slaby <jslaby@suse.com>
Cc: Florian Weimer <fw@deneb.enyo.de>
Cc: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pull vfs fixes from Al Viro:
"Followups to the parallel lookup work:
- update docs
- restore killability of the places that used to take ->i_mutex
killably now that we have down_write_killable() merged
- Additionally, it turns out that I missed a prerequisite for
security_d_instantiate() stuff - ->getxattr() wasn't the only thing
that could be called before dentry is attached to inode; with smack
we needed the same treatment applied to ->setxattr() as well"
* 'for-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
switch ->setxattr() to passing dentry and inode separately
switch xattr_handler->set() to passing dentry and inode separately
restore killability of old mutex_lock_killable(&inode->i_mutex) users
add down_write_killable_nested()
update D/f/directory-locking
smack ->d_instantiate() uses ->setxattr(), so to be able to call it before
we'd hashed the new dentry and attached it to inode, we need ->setxattr()
instances getting the inode as an explicit argument rather than obtaining
it from dentry.
Similar change for ->getxattr() had been done in commit ce23e64. Unlike
->getxattr() (which is used by both selinux and smack instances of
->d_instantiate()) ->setxattr() is used only by smack one and unfortunately
it got missed back then.
Reported-by: Seung-Woo Kim <sw0312.kim@samsung.com>
Tested-by: Casey Schaufler <casey@schaufler-ca.com>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Pull overlayfs update from Miklos Szeredi:
"The meat of this is a change to use the mounter's credentials for
operations that require elevated privileges (such as whiteout
creation). This fixes behavior under user namespaces as well as being
a nice cleanup"
* 'overlayfs-linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/mszeredi/vfs:
ovl: Do d_type check only if work dir creation was successful
ovl: update documentation
ovl: override creds with the ones from the superblock mounter
- Until now, dax has been disabled if media errors were found on
any device. This enables the use of DAX in the presence of these
errors by making all sector-aligned zeroing go through the driver.
- The driver (already) has the ability to clear errors on writes that
are sent through the block layer using 'DSMs' defined in ACPI 6.1.
Other misc changes:
- When mounting DAX filesystems, check to make sure the partition
is page aligned. This is a requirement for DAX, and previously, we
allowed such unaligned mounts to succeed, but subsequent reads/writes
would fail.
- Misc/cleanup fixes from Jan that remove unused code from DAX related to
zeroing, writeback, and some size checks.
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Merge tag 'dax-misc-for-4.7' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/nvdimm/nvdimm
Pull misc DAX updates from Vishal Verma:
"DAX error handling for 4.7
- Until now, dax has been disabled if media errors were found on any
device. This enables the use of DAX in the presence of these
errors by making all sector-aligned zeroing go through the driver.
- The driver (already) has the ability to clear errors on writes that
are sent through the block layer using 'DSMs' defined in ACPI 6.1.
Other misc changes:
- When mounting DAX filesystems, check to make sure the partition is
page aligned. This is a requirement for DAX, and previously, we
allowed such unaligned mounts to succeed, but subsequent
reads/writes would fail.
- Misc/cleanup fixes from Jan that remove unused code from DAX
related to zeroing, writeback, and some size checks"
* tag 'dax-misc-for-4.7' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/nvdimm/nvdimm:
dax: fix a comment in dax_zero_page_range and dax_truncate_page
dax: for truncate/hole-punch, do zeroing through the driver if possible
dax: export a low-level __dax_zero_page_range helper
dax: use sb_issue_zerout instead of calling dax_clear_sectors
dax: enable dax in the presence of known media errors (badblocks)
dax: fallback from pmd to pte on error
block: Update blkdev_dax_capable() for consistency
xfs: Add alignment check for DAX mount
ext2: Add alignment check for DAX mount
ext4: Add alignment check for DAX mount
block: Add bdev_dax_supported() for dax mount checks
block: Add vfs_msg() interface
dax: Remove redundant inode size checks
dax: Remove pointless writeback from dax_do_io()
dax: Remove zeroing from dax_io()
dax: Remove dead zeroing code from fault handlers
ext2: Avoid DAX zeroing to corrupt data
ext2: Fix block zeroing in ext2_get_blocks() for DAX
dax: Remove complete_unwritten argument
DAX: move RADIX_DAX_ definitions to dax.c
To respond to a certain developer's request, this explicitly state that
developers can reimplement the nilfs2 design for other operating systems
to share data stored in that format.
Link: http://lkml.kernel.org/r/1461935747-10380-7-git-send-email-konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jp
Signed-off-by: Ryusuke Konishi <konishi.ryusuke@lab.ntt.co.jp>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
It's not possible to read the process umask without also modifying it,
which is what umask(2) does. A library cannot read umask safely,
especially if the main program might be multithreaded.
Add a new status line ("Umask") in /proc/<PID>/status. It contains the
file mode creation mask (umask) in octal. It is only shown for tasks
which have task->fs.
This patch is adapted from one originally written by Pierre Carrier.
The use case is that we have endless trouble with people setting weird
umask() values (usually on the grounds of "security"), and then
everything breaking. I'm on the hook to fix these. We'd like to add
debugging to our program so we can dump out the umask in debug reports.
Previous versions of the patch used a syscall so you could only read
your own umask. That's all I need. However there was quite a lot of
push-back from those, so this new version exports it in /proc.
See:
https://lkml.org/lkml/2016/4/13/704 [umask2]
https://lkml.org/lkml/2016/4/13/487 [getumask]
Signed-off-by: Richard W.M. Jones <rjones@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Konstantin Khlebnikov <koct9i@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Jerome Marchand <jmarchan@redhat.com>
Acked-by: Kees Cook <keescook@chromium.org>
Cc: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: Michal Hocko <mhocko@kernel.org>
Cc: Pierre Carrier <pierre@spotify.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
infrastructural work to allow documents to be written using restructured
text. Maybe someday, in a galaxy far far away, we'll be able to eliminate
the DocBook dependency and have a much better integrated set of kernel
docs. Someday.
Beyond that, there's a new document on security hardening from Kees, the
movement of some sample code over to samples/, a number of improvements to
the serial docs from Geert, and the usual collection of corrections, typo
fixes, etc.
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Merge tag 'docs-for-linus' of git://git.lwn.net/linux
Pull Documentation updates from Jon Corbet:
"A bit busier this time around.
The most interesting thing (IMO) this time around is some beginning
infrastructural work to allow documents to be written using
restructured text. Maybe someday, in a galaxy far far away, we'll be
able to eliminate the DocBook dependency and have a much better
integrated set of kernel docs. Someday.
Beyond that, there's a new document on security hardening from Kees,
the movement of some sample code over to samples/, a number of
improvements to the serial docs from Geert, and the usual collection
of corrections, typo fixes, etc"
* tag 'docs-for-linus' of git://git.lwn.net/linux: (55 commits)
doc: self-protection: provide initial details
serial: doc: Use port->state instead of info
serial: doc: Always refer to tty_port->mutex
Documentation: vm: Spelling s/paltform/platform/g
Documentation/memcg: update kmem limit doc as codes behavior
docproc: print a comment about autogeneration for rst output
docproc: add support for reStructuredText format via --rst option
docproc: abstract terminating lines at first space
docproc: abstract docproc directive detection
docproc: reduce unnecessary indentation
docproc: add variables for subcommand and filename
kernel-doc: use rst C domain directives and references for types
kernel-doc: produce RestructuredText output
kernel-doc: rewrite usage description, remove duplicated comments
Doc: correct the location of sysrq.c
Documentation: fix common spelling mistakes
samples: v4l: from Documentation to samples directory
samples: connector: from Documentation to samples directory
Documentation: xillybus: fix spelling mistake
Documentation: x86: fix spelling mistakes
...
In the truncate or hole-punch path in dax, we clear out sub-page ranges.
If these sub-page ranges are sector aligned and sized, we can do the
zeroing through the driver instead so that error-clearing is handled
automatically.
For sub-sector ranges, we still have to rely on clear_pmem and have the
possibility of tripping over errors.
Cc: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Cc: Ross Zwisler <ross.zwisler@linux.intel.com>
Cc: Jeff Moyer <jmoyer@redhat.com>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@infradead.org>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Reviewed-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Reviewed-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Vishal Verma <vishal.l.verma@intel.com>
Pull vfs cleanups from Al Viro:
"More cleanups from Christoph"
* 'work.preadv2' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/vfs:
nfsd: use RWF_SYNC
fs: add RWF_DSYNC aand RWF_SYNC
ceph: use generic_write_sync
fs: simplify the generic_write_sync prototype
fs: add IOCB_SYNC and IOCB_DSYNC
direct-io: remove the offset argument to dio_complete
direct-io: eliminate the offset argument to ->direct_IO
xfs: eliminate the pos variable in xfs_file_dio_aio_write
filemap: remove the pos argument to generic_file_direct_write
filemap: remove pos variables in generic_file_read_iter
New method: ->iterate_shared(). Same arguments as in ->iterate(),
called with the directory locked only shared. Once all filesystems
switch, the old one will be gone.
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
ta-da!
The main issue is the lack of down_write_killable(), so the places
like readdir.c switched to plain inode_lock(); once killable
variants of rwsem primitives appear, that'll be dealt with.
lockdep side also might need more work
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
We'll need to verify that there's neither a hashed nor in-lookup
dentry with desired parent/name before adding to in-lookup set.
One possible solution would be to hold the parent's ->d_lock through
both checks, but while the in-lookup set is relatively small at any
time, dcache is not. And holding the parent's ->d_lock through
something like __d_lookup_rcu() would suck too badly.
So we leave the parent's ->d_lock alone, which means that we watch
out for the following scenario:
* we verify that there's no hashed match
* existing in-lookup match gets hashed by another process
* we verify that there's no in-lookup matches and decide
that everything's fine.
Solution: per-directory kinda-sorta seqlock, bumped around the times
we hash something that used to be in-lookup or move (and hash)
something in place of in-lookup. Then the above would turn into
* read the counter
* do dcache lookup
* if no matches found, check for in-lookup matches
* if there had been none of those either, check if the
counter has changed; repeat if it has.
The "kinda-sorta" part is due to the fact that we don't have much spare
space in inode. There is a spare word (shared with i_bdev/i_cdev/i_pipe),
so the counter part is not a problem, but spinlock is a different story.
We could use the parent's ->d_lock, and it would be less painful in
terms of contention, for __d_add() it would be rather inconvenient to
grab; we could do that (using lock_parent()), but...
Fortunately, we can get serialization on the counter itself, and it
might be a good idea in general; we can use cmpxchg() in a loop to
get from even to odd and smp_store_release() from odd to even.
This commit adds the counter and updating logics; the readers will be
added in the next commit.
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Including blkdev_direct_IO and dax_do_io. It has to be ki_pos to actually
work, so eliminate the superflous argument.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Linus Torvalds