Replace the own implementation for wildcard (glob) matching with
a function call to fnmatch().
Also, change the return type to 'bool'.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
mod->name is set to the ELF filename with the suffix ".o" stripped.
The current code calls strdup() and free() to manipulate the string,
but a simpler approach is to pass new_module() with the name length
subtracted by 2.
Also, check if the passed filename ends with ".o" before stripping it.
The current code blindly chops the suffix:
tmp[strlen(tmp) - 2] = '\0'
It will cause buffer under-run if strlen(tmp) < 2;
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
The 'static' specifier and EXPORT_SYMBOL() are an odd combination.
Commit 15bfc2348d ("modpost: check for static EXPORT_SYMBOL*
functions") tried to detect it, but this check has false negatives.
Here is the sample code.
Makefile:
obj-y += foo1.o foo2.o
foo1.c:
#include <linux/export.h>
static void foo(void) {}
EXPORT_SYMBOL(foo);
foo2.c:
void foo(void) {}
foo1.c exports the static symbol 'foo', but modpost cannot catch it
because it is fooled by foo2.c, which has a global symbol with the
same name.
s->is_static is cleared if a global symbol with the same name is found
somewhere, but EXPORT_SYMBOL() and the global symbol do not necessarily
belong to the same compilation unit.
This check should be done per compilation unit, but I do not know how
to do it in modpost. modpost runs against vmlinux.o or modules, which
merges multiple objects, then forgets their origin.
modpost cannot parse individual objects because they may not be ELF but
LLVM IR when CONFIG_LTO_CLANG=y.
Add a simple bash script to parse the output from ${NM}. This works for
CONFIG_LTO_CLANG=y because llvm-nm can dump symbols of LLVM IR files.
Revert 15bfc2348d.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Tested-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Sedat Dilek <sedat.dilek@gmail.com> # LLVM-14 (x86-64)
When CONFIG_LTO_CLANG=y, additional intermediate *.prelink.o is created
for each module. Also, objtool is postponed until LLVM IR is converted
to ELF.
CONFIG_X86_KERNEL_IBT works in a similar way to postpone objtool until
objects are merged together.
This commit stops generating *.prelink.o, so the build flow will look
similar with/without LTO.
The following figures show how the LTO build currently works, and
how this commit is changing it.
Current build flow
==================
[1] single-object module
$(LD)
$(CC) +objtool $(LD)
foo.c --------------------> foo.o -----> foo.prelink.o -----> foo.ko
(LLVM IR) (ELF) | (ELF)
|
foo.mod.o --/
(LLVM IR)
[2] multi-object module
$(LD)
$(CC) $(AR) +objtool $(LD)
foo1.c -----> foo1.o -----> foo.o -----> foo.prelink.o -----> foo.ko
| (archive) (ELF) | (ELF)
foo2.c -----> foo2.o --/ |
(LLVM IR) foo.mod.o --/
(LLVM IR)
One confusion is that foo.o in multi-object module is an archive
despite of its suffix.
New build flow
==============
[1] single-object module
Since there is only one object, there is no need to keep the LLVM IR.
Use $(CC)+$(LD) to generate an ELF object in one build rule. When LTO
is disabled, $(LD) is unneeded because $(CC) produces an ELF object.
$(CC)+$(LD)+objtool $(LD)
foo.c ----------------------------> foo.o ---------> foo.ko
(ELF) | (ELF)
|
foo.mod.o --/
(LLVM IR)
[2] multi-object module
Previously, $(AR) was used to combine LLVM IR files into an archive,
but there was no technical reason to do so. Use $(LD) to merge them
into a single ELF object.
$(LD)
$(CC) +objtool $(LD)
foo1.c ---------> foo1.o ---------> foo.o ---------> foo.ko
| (ELF) | (ELF)
foo2.c ---------> foo2.o ----/ |
(LLVM IR) foo.mod.o --/
(LLVM IR)
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nicolas Schier <nicolas@fjasle.eu>
Tested-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Sami Tolvanen <samitolvanen@google.com>
Tested-by: Sedat Dilek <sedat.dilek@gmail.com> # LLVM-14 (x86-64)
Acked-by: Josh Poimboeuf <jpoimboe@kernel.org>
if ((addr - sym->st_value) < distance) {
distance = addr - sym->st_value;
near = sym;
} else if ((addr - sym->st_value) == distance) {
near = sym;
}
is equivalent to:
if (addr - sym->st_value <= distance) {
distance = addr - sym->st_value;
near = sym;
}
(The else-if block can overwrite 'distance' with the same value).
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Move ARRAY_SIZE() from file2alias.c to modpost.h to reuse it in
section_mismatch().
Also, move the variable 'check' inside the for-loop.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
check_sec_ref() does not use the first parameter 'mod'.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
The return value of is_arm_mapping_symbol() is unpredictable when "$"
is passed in.
strchr(3) says:
The strchr() and strrchr() functions return a pointer to the matched
character or NULL if the character is not found. The terminating null
byte is considered part of the string, so that if c is specified as
'\0', these functions return a pointer to the terminator.
When str[1] is '\0', strchr("axtd", str[1]) is not NULL, and str[2] is
referenced (i.e. buffer overrun).
Test code
---------
char str1[] = "abc";
char str2[] = "ab";
strcpy(str1, "$");
strcpy(str2, "$");
printf("test1: %d\n", is_arm_mapping_symbol(str1));
printf("test2: %d\n", is_arm_mapping_symbol(str2));
Result
------
test1: 0
test2: 1
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
With the `-z unique-symbol` linker flag or any similar mechanism,
it is possible to trigger the following:
ERROR: modpost: "param_set_uint.0" [vmlinux] is a static EXPORT_SYMBOL
The reason is that for now the condition from remove_dot():
if (m && (s[n + m] == '.' || s[n + m] == 0))
which was designed to test if it's a dot or a '\0' after the suffix
is never satisfied.
This is due to that `s[n + m]` always points to the last digit of a
numeric suffix, not on the symbol next to it (from a custom debug
print added to modpost):
param_set_uint.0, s[n + m] is '0', s[n + m + 1] is '\0'
So it's off-by-one and was like that since 2014.
Fix this for the sake of any potential upcoming features, but don't
bother stable-backporting, as it's well hidden -- apart from that
LD flag, it can be triggered only with GCC LTO which never landed
upstream.
Fixes: fcd38ed0ff ("scripts: modpost: fix compilation warning")
Signed-off-by: Alexander Lobakin <alexandr.lobakin@intel.com>
Reviewed-by: Petr Mladek <pmladek@suse.com>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
include/{linux,asm-generic}/export.h defines a weak symbol, __crc_*
as a placeholder.
Genksyms writes the version CRCs into the linker script, which will be
used for filling the __crc_* symbols. The linker script format depends
on CONFIG_MODULE_REL_CRCS. If it is enabled, __crc_* holds the offset
to the reference of CRC.
It is time to get rid of this complexity.
Now that modpost parses text files (.*.cmd) to collect all the CRCs,
it can generate C code that will be linked to the vmlinux or modules.
Generate a new C file, .vmlinux.export.c, which contains the CRCs of
symbols exported by vmlinux. It is compiled and linked to vmlinux in
scripts/link-vmlinux.sh.
Put the CRCs of symbols exported by modules into the existing *.mod.c
files. No additional build step is needed for modules. As before,
*.mod.c are compiled and linked to *.ko in scripts/Makefile.modfinal.
No linker magic is used here. The new C implementation works in the
same way, whether CONFIG_RELOCATABLE is enabled or not.
CONFIG_MODULE_REL_CRCS is no longer needed.
Previously, Kbuild invoked additional $(LD) to update the CRCs in
objects, but this step is unneeded too.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Nicolas Schier <nicolas@fjasle.eu>
Reviewed-by: Nicolas Schier <nicolas@fjasle.eu>
Tested-by: Sedat Dilek <sedat.dilek@gmail.com> # LLVM-14 (x86-64)
Currently, CONFIG_MODVERSIONS needs extra link to embed the symbol
versions into ELF objects. Then, modpost extracts the version CRCs
from them.
The following figures show how it currently works, and how I am trying
to change it.
Current implementation
======================
|----------|
embed CRC -------------------------->| final |
$(CC) $(LD) / |---------| | link for |
-----> *.o -------> *.o -->| modpost | | vmlinux |
/ / | |-- *.mod.c -->| or |
/ genksyms / |---------| | module |
*.c ------> *.symversions |----------|
Genksyms outputs the calculated CRCs in the form of linker script
(*.symversions), which is used by $(LD) to update the object.
If CONFIG_LTO_CLANG=y, the build process is much more complex. Embedding
the CRCs is postponed until the LLVM bitcode is converted into ELF,
creating another intermediate *.prelink.o.
However, this complexity is unneeded. There is no reason why we must
embed version CRCs in objects so early.
There is final link stage for vmlinux (scripts/link-vmlinux.sh) and
modules (scripts/Makefile.modfinal). We can link CRCs at the very last
moment.
New implementation
==================
|----------|
--------------------------------------->| final |
$(CC) / |---------| | link for |
-----> *.o ---->| | | vmlinux |
/ | modpost |--- .vmlinux.export.c -->| or |
/ genksyms | |--- *.mod.c ------------>| module |
*.c ------> *.cmd -->|---------| |----------|
Pass the symbol versions to modpost as separate text data, which are
available in *.cmd files.
This commit changes modpost to extract CRCs from *.cmd files instead of
from ELF objects.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nicolas Schier <nicolas@fjasle.eu>
Tested-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Sami Tolvanen <samitolvanen@google.com>
Tested-by: Sedat Dilek <sedat.dilek@gmail.com> # LLVM-14 (x86-64)
find_symbol() returns the first symbol found in the hash table. This
table is global, so it may return a symbol from an unexpected module.
There is a case where we want to search for a symbol with a given name
in a specified module.
Add sym_find_with_module(), which receives the module pointer as the
second argument. It is equivalent to find_module() if NULL is passed
as the module pointer.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nicolas Schier <nicolas@fjasle.eu>
Tested-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
Tested-by: Sedat Dilek <sedat.dilek@gmail.com> # LLVM-14 (x86-64)
There were more EXPORT_SYMBOL types in the past. The following commits
removed unused ones.
- f1c3d73e97 ("module: remove EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL_FUTURE")
- 367948220f ("module: remove EXPORT_UNUSED_SYMBOL*")
There are 3 remaining in enum export, but export_unknown does not make
any sense because we never expect such a situation like "we do not know
how it was exported".
If the symbol name starts with "__ksymtab_", but the section name
does not start with "___ksymtab+" or "___ksymtab_gpl+", it is not an
exported symbol.
It occurs when a variable starting with "__ksymtab_" is directly defined:
int __ksymtab_foo;
Presumably, there is no practical issue for using such a weird variable
name (but there is no good reason for doing so, either).
Anyway, that is not an exported symbol. Setting export_unknown is not
the right thing to do. Do not call sym_add_exported() in this case.
With pointless export_unknown removed, the export type finally becomes
boolean (either EXPORT_SYMBOL or EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL).
I renamed the field name to is_gpl_only. EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL sets it true.
Only GPL-compatible modules can use it.
I removed the orphan comment, "How a symbol is exported", which is
unrelated to sec_mismatch_count. It is about enum export.
See commit bd5cbcedf4 ("kbuild: export-type enhancement to modpost.c")
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nicolas Schier <nicolas@fjasle.eu>
Tested-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
A later commit will add more code to this list_for_each_entry loop.
Before that, move the loop body into a separate helper function.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nicolas Schier <nicolas@fjasle.eu>
Tested-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
add_intree_flag(), add_retpoline(), and add_staging_flag() are small
enough to be merged into add_header().
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nicolas Schier <nicolas@fjasle.eu>
Tested-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
new_symbol() does two things; allocate a new symbol and register it
to the hash table.
Using a separate function for each is easier to understand.
Replace new_symbol() with hash_add_symbol(). Remove the second parameter
of alloc_symbol().
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Currently, sym_add_exported() does not allocate a symbol if the same
name symbol already exists in the hash table.
This does not reflect the real use cases. You can let an external
module override the in-tree one. In this case, the external module
will export the same name symbols as the in-tree one. However,
modpost simply ignores those symbols, then Module.symvers for the
external module loses its symbols.
sym_add_exported() should allocate a new symbol.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
This is currently a warning, but I think modpost should stop building
in this case.
If the same symbol is exported multiple times and we let it keep going,
the sanity check becomes difficult.
Only the legitimate case is that an external module overrides the
corresponding in-tree module to provide a different implementation
with the same interface.
Also, there exists an upstream example that exploits this feature.
$ make M=tools/testing/nvdimm
... builds tools/testing/nvdimm/libnvdimm.ko. This is a mocked module
that overrides the symbols from drivers/nvdimm/libnvdimm.ko.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
modpost dumps the exported symbols into Module.symvers, but currently
in random order because it iterates in the hash table.
Add a linked list of exported symbols in struct module, so we can
iterate on symbols per module.
This commit makes Module.symvers much more readable; the outer loop in
write_dump() iterates over the modules in the order of modules.order,
and the inner loop dumps symbols in each module.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Use the doubly linked list to traverse the list in the added order.
This makes the code more consistent.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
This looks easier to understand (just because this is a pattern in
the kernel code). No functional change is intended.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Currently, modpost manages unresolved in a singly linked list; it adds
a new node to the head, and traverses the list from new to old.
Use a doubly linked list to keep the order in the symbol table in the
ELF file.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Add a small helper, sym_add_unresolved() to ease the further
refactoring.
Remove the 'weak' argument from alloc_symbol() because it is sensible
only for unresolved symbols.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Currently, modpost manages modules in a singly linked list; it adds
a new node to the head, and traverses the list from new to old.
It works, but the error messages are shown in the reverse order.
If you have a Makefile like this:
obj-m += foo.o bar.o
then, modpost shows error messages in bar.o, foo.o, in this order.
Use a doubly linked list to keep the order in modules.order; use
list_add_tail() for the node addition and list_for_each_entry() for
the list traverse.
Now that the kernel's list macros have been imported to modpost, I will
use them actively going forward.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Currently, mod->gpl_compatible is tristate; it is set to -1 by default,
then to 1 or 0 when MODULE_LICENSE() is found.
Maybe, -1 was chosen to represent the 'unknown' license, but it is not
useful.
The current code:
if (!mod->gpl_compatible)
check_for_gpl_usage(exp->export, basename, exp->name);
... only cares whether gpl_compatible is zero or not.
Change it to a bool type with the initial value 'true', which has no
functional change.
The default value should be 'true' instead of 'false'.
Since commit 1d6cd39293 ("modpost: turn missing MODULE_LICENSE() into
error"), unknown module license is an error.
The error message, "missing MODULE_LICENSE()" is enough to explain the
issue. It is not sensible to show another message, "GPL-incompatible
module ... uses GPL-only symbol".
Add comments to explain this.
While I was here, I renamed gpl_compatible to is_gpl_compatible for
clarification, and also slightly refactored the code.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Use 'bool' to clarify that the valid value is true or false.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
There is no good reason to define struct namespace_list in modpost.h
struct module has pointers to struct namespace_list, but that does
not require the definition of struct namespace_list.
Move it to modpost.c.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Do not repeat the similar code.
It is simpler to do this in check_exports() instead of add_versions().
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
It took me a while to understand the intent of "exp->module == mod".
This code goes back to 2003. [1]
The commit is not in this git repository, and might be worth a little
explanation.
You can add EXPORT_SYMBOL() without having its definition in the same
file (but you need to put a declaration).
This is typical when EXPORT_SYMBOL() is added in a C file, but the
actual implementation is in a separate assembly file.
One example is arch/arm/kernel/armksyms.c
In the old days, EXPORT_SYMBOL() was only available in C files (but
this limitation does not exist any more). If you forget to add the
definition, this error occurs.
Add a separate, clearer message for this case. It should be an error
even if KBUILD_MODPOST_WARN is given.
[1]: https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/history/history.git/commit/?id=2763b6bcb96e6a38a2fe31108fe5759ec5bcc80a
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
The description,
it may have already been added without a
CRC, in this case just update the CRC
... is no longer valid.
In the old days, this function was used to update the CRC as well.
Commit 040fcc819a ("kbuild: improved modversioning support for
external modules") started to use a separate function (sym_update_crc)
for updating the CRC.
The first part, "Add an exported symbol" is correct, but it is too
obvious from the function name. Drop this comment entirely.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
If an error occurs, modpost will fail anyway. Do not write out
any content (, which might be invalid).
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Use snprintf() to avoid the potential buffer overflow, and also
check the return value to detect the too long path.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
There are two call sites for sym_update_namespace().
When the symbol has no namespace, s->namespace is set to NULL,
but the conversion from "" to NULL is done in two different places.
[1] read_symbols()
This gets the namespace from __kstrtabns_<symbol>. If the symbol has
no namespace, sym_get_data(info, sym) returns the empty string "".
namespace_from_kstrtabns() converts it to NULL before it is passed to
sym_update_namespace().
[2] read_dump()
This gets the namespace from the dump file, *.symvers. If the symbol
has no namespace, the 'namespace' is the empty string "", which is
directly passed into sym_update_namespace(). The conversion from
"" to NULL is done in sym_update_namespace().
namespace_from_kstrtabns() exists only for creating this inconsistency.
Remove namespace_from_kstrtabns() so that sym_update_namespace() is
consistently passed with "" instead of NULL.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
These are initialized with zeros without explicit initializers.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
The assigned 'export' is only used when
if (strstarts(symname, "__ksymtab_"))
is met. The else-part of the assignment is the dead code.
Move the export_from_secname() call to where it is used.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
With commit 1743694eb2 ("modpost: stop symbol preloading for
modversion CRC") applied, now export_from_sec() is useless.
handle_symbol() is called for every symbol in the ELF.
When 'symname' does not start with "__ksymtab", export_from_sec() is
called, and the returned value is stored in 'export'.
It is used in the last part of handle_symbol():
if (strstarts(symname, "__ksymtab_")) {
name = symname + strlen("__ksymtab_");
sym_add_exported(name, mod, export);
}
'export' is used only when 'symname' starts with "__ksymtab_".
So, the value returned by export_from_sec() is never used.
Remove useless export_from_sec(). This makes further cleanups possible.
I put the temporary code:
export = export_unknown;
Otherwise, I would get the compiler warning:
warning: 'export' may be used uninitialized in this function [-Wmaybe-uninitialized]
This is apparently false positive because
if (strstarts(symname, "__ksymtab_")
... is a stronger condition than:
if (strstarts(symname, "__ksymtab")
Anyway, this part will be cleaned up by the next commit.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
This log message was accidentally chopped off.
I was wondering why this happened, but checking the ML log, Mark
precisely followed my suggestion [1].
I just used "..." because I was too lazy to type the sentence fully.
Sorry for the confusion.
[1]: https://lore.kernel.org/all/CAK7LNAR6bXXk9-ZzZYpTqzFqdYbQsZHmiWspu27rtsFxvfRuVA@mail.gmail.com/
Fixes: 4a6795933a ("kbuild: modpost: Explicitly warn about unprototyped symbols")
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Acked-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
coarse grained, hardware based, forward edge Control-Flow-Integrity mechanism
where any indirect CALL/JMP must target an ENDBR instruction or suffer #CP.
Additionally, since Alderlake (12th gen)/Sapphire-Rapids, speculation is
limited to 2 instructions (and typically fewer) on branch targets not starting
with ENDBR. CET-IBT also limits speculation of the next sequential instruction
after the indirect CALL/JMP [1].
CET-IBT is fundamentally incompatible with retpolines, but provides, as
described above, speculation limits itself.
[1] https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/developer/articles/technical/software-security-guidance/technical-documentation/branch-history-injection.html
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Merge tag 'x86_core_for_5.18_rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip
Pull x86 CET-IBT (Control-Flow-Integrity) support from Peter Zijlstra:
"Add support for Intel CET-IBT, available since Tigerlake (11th gen),
which is a coarse grained, hardware based, forward edge
Control-Flow-Integrity mechanism where any indirect CALL/JMP must
target an ENDBR instruction or suffer #CP.
Additionally, since Alderlake (12th gen)/Sapphire-Rapids, speculation
is limited to 2 instructions (and typically fewer) on branch targets
not starting with ENDBR. CET-IBT also limits speculation of the next
sequential instruction after the indirect CALL/JMP [1].
CET-IBT is fundamentally incompatible with retpolines, but provides,
as described above, speculation limits itself"
[1] https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/developer/articles/technical/software-security-guidance/technical-documentation/branch-history-injection.html
* tag 'x86_core_for_5.18_rc1' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tip/tip: (53 commits)
kvm/emulate: Fix SETcc emulation for ENDBR
x86/Kconfig: Only allow CONFIG_X86_KERNEL_IBT with ld.lld >= 14.0.0
x86/Kconfig: Only enable CONFIG_CC_HAS_IBT for clang >= 14.0.0
kbuild: Fixup the IBT kbuild changes
x86/Kconfig: Do not allow CONFIG_X86_X32_ABI=y with llvm-objcopy
x86: Remove toolchain check for X32 ABI capability
x86/alternative: Use .ibt_endbr_seal to seal indirect calls
objtool: Find unused ENDBR instructions
objtool: Validate IBT assumptions
objtool: Add IBT/ENDBR decoding
objtool: Read the NOENDBR annotation
x86: Annotate idtentry_df()
x86,objtool: Move the ASM_REACHABLE annotation to objtool.h
x86: Annotate call_on_stack()
objtool: Rework ASM_REACHABLE
x86: Mark __invalid_creds() __noreturn
exit: Mark do_group_exit() __noreturn
x86: Mark stop_this_cpu() __noreturn
objtool: Ignore extra-symbol code
objtool: Rename --duplicate to --lto
...
Linus pointed out the benefits of C99 some years ago, especially variable
declarations in loops [1]. At that time, we were not ready for the
migration due to old compilers.
Recently, Jakob Koschel reported a bug in list_for_each_entry(), which
leaks the invalid pointer out of the loop [2]. In the discussion, we
agreed that the time had come. Now that GCC 5.1 is the minimum compiler
version, there is nothing to prevent us from going to -std=gnu99, or even
straight to -std=gnu11.
Discussions for a better list iterator implementation are ongoing, but
this patch set must land first.
[1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/CAHk-=wgr12JkKmRd21qh-se-_Gs69kbPgR9x4C+Es-yJV2GLkA@mail.gmail.com/
[2] https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/86C4CE7D-6D93-456B-AA82-F8ADEACA40B7@gmail.com/
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Merge tag 'kbuild-gnu11-v5.18' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild
Pull Kbuild update for C11 language base from Masahiro Yamada:
"Kbuild -std=gnu11 updates for v5.18
Linus pointed out the benefits of C99 some years ago, especially
variable declarations in loops [1]. At that time, we were not ready
for the migration due to old compilers.
Recently, Jakob Koschel reported a bug in list_for_each_entry(), which
leaks the invalid pointer out of the loop [2]. In the discussion, we
agreed that the time had come. Now that GCC 5.1 is the minimum
compiler version, there is nothing to prevent us from going to
-std=gnu99, or even straight to -std=gnu11.
Discussions for a better list iterator implementation are ongoing, but
this patch set must land first"
[1] https://lore.kernel.org/all/CAHk-=wgr12JkKmRd21qh-se-_Gs69kbPgR9x4C+Es-yJV2GLkA@mail.gmail.com/
[2] https://lore.kernel.org/lkml/86C4CE7D-6D93-456B-AA82-F8ADEACA40B7@gmail.com/
* tag 'kbuild-gnu11-v5.18' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild:
Kbuild: use -std=gnu11 for KBUILD_USERCFLAGS
Kbuild: move to -std=gnu11
Kbuild: use -Wdeclaration-after-statement
Kbuild: add -Wno-shift-negative-value where -Wextra is used
The kernel is moving from using `-std=gnu89` to `-std=gnu11`, permitting
the use of additional C11 features such as for-loop initial declarations.
One contentious aspect of C99 is that it permits mixed declarations and
code, and for now at least, it seems preferable to enforce that
declarations must come first.
These warnings were already enabled in the kernel itself, but not
for KBUILD_USERCFLAGS or the compat VDSO on arch/arm64, which uses
a separate set of CFLAGS.
This patch fixes an existing violation in modpost.c, which is not
reported because of the missing flag in KBUILD_USERCFLAGS:
| scripts/mod/modpost.c: In function ‘match’:
| scripts/mod/modpost.c:837:3: warning: ISO C90 forbids mixed declarations and code [-Wdeclaration-after-statement]
| 837 | const char *endp = p + strlen(p) - 1;
| | ^~~~~
Signed-off-by: Mark Rutland <mark.rutland@arm.com>
[arnd: don't add a duplicate flag to the default set, update changelog]
Signed-off-by: Arnd Bergmann <arnd@arndb.de>
Reviewed-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Tested-by: Sedat Dilek <sedat.dilek@gmail.com> # LLVM/Clang v13.0.0 (x86-64)
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Currently with -mindirect-branch=thunk and -mfunction-return=thunk compiler
options expoline thunks are put into individual COMDAT group sections. s390
is the only architecture which has group sections and it has implications
for kpatch and objtool tools support.
Using -mindirect-branch=thunk-extern and -mfunction-return=thunk-extern
is an alternative, which comes with a need to generate all required
expoline thunks manually. Unfortunately modules area is too far away from
the kernel image, and expolines from the kernel image cannon be used.
But since all new distributions (except Debian) build kernels for machine
generations newer than z10, where "exrl" instruction is available, that
leaves only 16 expolines thunks possible.
Provide an option to build the kernel with
-mindirect-branch=thunk-extern and -mfunction-return=thunk-extern for
z10 or newer. This also requires to postlink expoline thunks into all
modules explicitly. Currently modules already contain most expolines
anyhow.
Unfortunately -mindirect-branch=thunk-extern and
-mfunction-return=thunk-extern options support is broken in gcc <= 11.2.
Additional compile test is required to verify proper gcc support.
Acked-by: Ilya Leoshkevich <iii@linux.ibm.com>
Co-developed-by: Sumanth Korikkar <sumanthk@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Sumanth Korikkar <sumanthk@linux.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Vasily Gorbik <gor@linux.ibm.com>
Similar as other architectures such as arm64, x86 and so on, use
offsets relative to the exception table entry values rather than
absolute addresses for both the exception locationand the fixup.
However, RISCV label difference will actually produce two relocations,
a pair of R_RISCV_ADD32 and R_RISCV_SUB32. Take below simple code for
example:
$ cat test.S
.section .text
1:
nop
.section __ex_table,"a"
.balign 4
.long (1b - .)
.previous
$ riscv64-linux-gnu-gcc -c test.S
$ riscv64-linux-gnu-readelf -r test.o
Relocation section '.rela__ex_table' at offset 0x100 contains 2 entries:
Offset Info Type Sym. Value Sym. Name + Addend
000000000000 000600000023 R_RISCV_ADD32 0000000000000000 .L1^B1 + 0
000000000000 000500000027 R_RISCV_SUB32 0000000000000000 .L0 + 0
The modpost will complain the R_RISCV_SUB32 relocation, so we need to
patch modpost.c to skip this relocation for .rela__ex_table section.
After this patch, the __ex_table section size of defconfig vmlinux is
reduced from 7072 Bytes to 3536 Bytes.
Signed-off-by: Jisheng Zhang <jszhang@kernel.org>
Reviewed-by: Kefeng Wang <wangkefeng.wang@huawei.com>
Signed-off-by: Palmer Dabbelt <palmer@rivosinc.com>
- Add -s option (strict mode) to merge_config.sh to make it fail when
any symbol is redefined.
- Show a warning if a different compiler is used for building external
modules.
- Infer --target from ARCH for CC=clang to let you cross-compile the
kernel without CROSS_COMPILE.
- Make the integrated assembler default (LLVM_IAS=1) for CC=clang.
- Add <linux/stdarg.h> to the kernel source instead of borrowing
<stdarg.h> from the compiler.
- Add Nick Desaulniers as a Kbuild reviewer.
- Drop stale cc-option tests.
- Fix the combination of CONFIG_TRIM_UNUSED_KSYMS and CONFIG_LTO_CLANG
to handle symbols in inline assembly.
- Show a warning if 'FORCE' is missing for if_changed rules.
- Various cleanups
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Merge tag 'kbuild-v5.15' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild
Pull Kbuild updates from Masahiro Yamada:
- Add -s option (strict mode) to merge_config.sh to make it fail when
any symbol is redefined.
- Show a warning if a different compiler is used for building external
modules.
- Infer --target from ARCH for CC=clang to let you cross-compile the
kernel without CROSS_COMPILE.
- Make the integrated assembler default (LLVM_IAS=1) for CC=clang.
- Add <linux/stdarg.h> to the kernel source instead of borrowing
<stdarg.h> from the compiler.
- Add Nick Desaulniers as a Kbuild reviewer.
- Drop stale cc-option tests.
- Fix the combination of CONFIG_TRIM_UNUSED_KSYMS and CONFIG_LTO_CLANG
to handle symbols in inline assembly.
- Show a warning if 'FORCE' is missing for if_changed rules.
- Various cleanups
* tag 'kbuild-v5.15' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/masahiroy/linux-kbuild: (39 commits)
kbuild: redo fake deps at include/ksym/*.h
kbuild: clean up objtool_args slightly
modpost: get the *.mod file path more simply
checkkconfigsymbols.py: Fix the '--ignore' option
kbuild: merge vmlinux_link() between ARCH=um and other architectures
kbuild: do not remove 'linux' link in scripts/link-vmlinux.sh
kbuild: merge vmlinux_link() between the ordinary link and Clang LTO
kbuild: remove stale *.symversions
kbuild: remove unused quiet_cmd_update_lto_symversions
gen_compile_commands: extract compiler command from a series of commands
x86: remove cc-option-yn test for -mtune=
arc: replace cc-option-yn uses with cc-option
s390: replace cc-option-yn uses with cc-option
ia64: move core-y in arch/ia64/Makefile to arch/ia64/Kbuild
sparc: move the install rule to arch/sparc/Makefile
security: remove unneeded subdir-$(CONFIG_...)
kbuild: sh: remove unused install script
kbuild: Fix 'no symbols' warning when CONFIG_TRIM_UNUSD_KSYMS=y
kbuild: Switch to 'f' variants of integrated assembler flag
kbuild: Shuffle blank line to improve comment meaning
...
get_src_version() strips 'o' or 'lto.o' from the end of the object file
path (so, postfixlen is 1 or 5), then adds 'mod'.
If you look at the code closely, mod->name already holds the base path
with the extension stripped.
Most of the code changes made by commit 7ac204b545 ("modpost: lto:
strip .lto from module names") was actually unneeded.
sumversion.c does not need strends(), so it can get back local in
modpost.c again.
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Using asm goto in __WARN_FLAGS() and WARN_ON() allows more
flexibility to GCC.
For that add an entry to the exception table so that
program_check_exception() knowns where to resume execution
after a WARNING.
Here are two exemples. The first one is done on PPC32 (which
benefits from the previous patch), the second is on PPC64.
unsigned long test(struct pt_regs *regs)
{
int ret;
WARN_ON(regs->msr & MSR_PR);
return regs->gpr[3];
}
unsigned long test9w(unsigned long a, unsigned long b)
{
if (WARN_ON(!b))
return 0;
return a / b;
}
Before the patch:
000003a8 <test>:
3a8: 81 23 00 84 lwz r9,132(r3)
3ac: 71 29 40 00 andi. r9,r9,16384
3b0: 40 82 00 0c bne 3bc <test+0x14>
3b4: 80 63 00 0c lwz r3,12(r3)
3b8: 4e 80 00 20 blr
3bc: 0f e0 00 00 twui r0,0
3c0: 80 63 00 0c lwz r3,12(r3)
3c4: 4e 80 00 20 blr
0000000000000bf0 <.test9w>:
bf0: 7c 89 00 74 cntlzd r9,r4
bf4: 79 29 d1 82 rldicl r9,r9,58,6
bf8: 0b 09 00 00 tdnei r9,0
bfc: 2c 24 00 00 cmpdi r4,0
c00: 41 82 00 0c beq c0c <.test9w+0x1c>
c04: 7c 63 23 92 divdu r3,r3,r4
c08: 4e 80 00 20 blr
c0c: 38 60 00 00 li r3,0
c10: 4e 80 00 20 blr
After the patch:
000003a8 <test>:
3a8: 81 23 00 84 lwz r9,132(r3)
3ac: 71 29 40 00 andi. r9,r9,16384
3b0: 40 82 00 0c bne 3bc <test+0x14>
3b4: 80 63 00 0c lwz r3,12(r3)
3b8: 4e 80 00 20 blr
3bc: 0f e0 00 00 twui r0,0
0000000000000c50 <.test9w>:
c50: 7c 89 00 74 cntlzd r9,r4
c54: 79 29 d1 82 rldicl r9,r9,58,6
c58: 0b 09 00 00 tdnei r9,0
c5c: 7c 63 23 92 divdu r3,r3,r4
c60: 4e 80 00 20 blr
c70: 38 60 00 00 li r3,0
c74: 4e 80 00 20 blr
In the first exemple, we see GCC doesn't need to duplicate what
happens after the trap.
In the second exemple, we see that GCC doesn't need to emit a test
and a branch in the likely path in addition to the trap.
We've got some WARN_ON() in .softirqentry.text section so it needs
to be added in the OTHER_TEXT_SECTIONS in modpost.c
Signed-off-by: Christophe Leroy <christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu>
Signed-off-by: Michael Ellerman <mpe@ellerman.id.au>
Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/389962b1b702e3c78d169e59bcfac56282889173.1618331882.git.christophe.leroy@csgroup.eu
One common cause of modpost version generation failures is a failure to
prototype exported assembly functions - the tooling requires this for
exported functions even if they are not and should not be called from C
code in order to do the version mangling for symbols. Unfortunately the
error message is currently rather abstruse, simply saying that "version
generation failed" and even diving into the code doesn't directly show
what's going on since there's several steps between the problem and it
being observed.
Provide an explicit hint as to the likely cause of a version generation
failure to help anyone who runs into this in future more readily diagnose
and fix the problem.
Signed-off-by: Mark Brown <broonie@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Currently, clang LTO built vmlinux won't work with pahole.
LTO introduced cross-cu dwarf tag references and broke
current pahole model which handles one cu as a time.
The solution is to merge all cu's as one pahole cu as in [1].
We would like to do this merging only if cross-cu dwarf
references happens. The LTO build mode is a pretty good
indication for that.
In earlier version of this patch ([2]), clang flag
-grecord-gcc-switches is proposed to add to compilation flags
so pahole could detect "-flto" and then merging cu's.
This will increate the binary size of 1% without LTO though.
Arnaldo suggested to use a note to indicate the vmlinux
is built with LTO. Such a cheap way to get whether the vmlinux
is built with LTO or not helps pahole but is also useful
for tracing as LTO may inline/delete/demote global functions,
promote static functions, etc.
So this patch added an elfnote with a new type LINUX_ELFNOTE_LTO_INFO.
The owner of the note is "Linux".
With gcc 8.4.1 and clang trunk, without LTO, I got
$ readelf -n vmlinux
Displaying notes found in: .notes
Owner Data size Description
...
Linux 0x00000004 func
description data: 00 00 00 00
...
With "readelf -x ".notes" vmlinux", I can verify the above "func"
with type code 0x101.
With clang thin-LTO, I got the same as above except the following:
description data: 01 00 00 00
which indicates the vmlinux is built with LTO.
[1] https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20210325065316.3121287-1-yhs@fb.com/
[2] https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20210331001623.2778934-1-yhs@fb.com/
Suggested-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <arnaldo.melo@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Yonghong Song <yhs@fb.com>
Reviewed-by: Nick Desaulniers <ndesaulniers@google.com>
Tested-by: Sedat Dilek <sedat.dilek@gmail.com> # LLVM/Clang v12.0.0-rc4 (x86-64)
Tested-by: Arnaldo Carvalho de Melo <acme@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Nathan reports that the mips defconfig emits the following warning:
WARNING: modpost: Symbol info of vmlinux is missing. Unresolved symbol check will be entirely skipped.
This false-positive happens when CONFIG_TRIM_UNUSED_KSYMS is enabled,
but no CONFIG option is set to 'm'.
Commit a0590473c5 ("nfs: fix PNFS_FLEXFILE_LAYOUT Kconfig default")
turned the last 'm' into 'y' for the mips defconfig, and uncovered
this issue.
In this case, the module feature itself is enabled, but we have no
module to build. As a result, CONFIG_TRIM_UNUSED_KSYMS drops all the
instances of EXPORT_SYMBOL. Then, modpost wrongly assumes vmlinux is
missing because vmlinux.symvers is empty. (As another false-positive
case, you can create a module that does not use any symbol of vmlinux).
The current behavior is to entirely suppress the unresolved symbol
warnings when vmlinux is missing just because there are too many.
I found the origin of this code in the historical git tree. [1]
If this is a matter of noisiness, I think modpost can display the
first 10 warnings, and the number of suppressed warnings at the end.
You will get a bit noisier logs when you run 'make modules' without
vmlinux, but such warnings are better to show because you never know
the resulting modules are actually loadable or not.
This commit changes the following:
- If any of input *.symver files is missing, pass -w option to let
the module build keep going with warnings instead of errors.
- If there are too many (10+) unresolved symbol warnings, show only
the first 10, and also the number of suppressed warnings.
[1]: https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/history/history.git/commit/?id=1cc0e0529569bf6a94f6d49770aa6d4b599d2c46
Reported-by: Nathan Chancellor <nathan@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Masahiro Yamada <masahiroy@kernel.org>
Masahiro Yamada