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rcu: Fix grace-period-stall bug on large systems with CPU hotplug 

When the last CPU of a given leaf rcu_node structure goes
offline, all of the tasks queued on that leaf rcu_node structure
(due to having blocked in their current RCU read-side critical
sections) are requeued onto the root rcu_node structure.  This
requeuing is carried out by rcu_preempt_offline_tasks().
However, it is possible that these queued tasks are the only
thing preventing the leaf rcu_node structure from reporting a
quiescent state up the rcu_node hierarchy.  Unfortunately, the
old code would fail to do this reporting, resulting in a
grace-period stall given the following sequence of events:

1.	Kernel built for more than 32 CPUs on 32-bit systems or for more
	than 64 CPUs on 64-bit systems, so that there is more than one
	rcu_node structure.  (Or CONFIG_RCU_FANOUT is artificially set
	to a number smaller than CONFIG_NR_CPUS.)

2.	The kernel is built with CONFIG_TREE_PREEMPT_RCU.

3.	A task running on a CPU associated with a given leaf rcu_node
	structure blocks while in an RCU read-side critical section
	-and- that CPU has not yet passed through a quiescent state
	for the current RCU grace period.  This will cause the task
	to be queued on the leaf rcu_node's blocked_tasks[] array, in
	particular, on the element of this array corresponding to the
	current grace period.

4.	Each of the remaining CPUs corresponding to this same leaf rcu_node
	structure pass through a quiescent state.  However, the task is
	still in its RCU read-side critical section, so these quiescent
	states cannot be reported further up the rcu_node hierarchy.
	Nevertheless, all bits in the leaf rcu_node structure's ->qsmask
	field are now zero.

5.	Each of the remaining CPUs go offline.  (The events in step
	#4 and #5 can happen in any order as long as each CPU passes
	through a quiescent state before going offline.)

6.	When the last CPU goes offline, __rcu_offline_cpu() will invoke
	rcu_preempt_offline_tasks(), which will move the task to the
	root rcu_node structure, but without reporting a quiescent state
	up the rcu_node hierarchy (and this failure to report a quiescent
	state is the bug).

	But because this leaf rcu_node structure's ->qsmask field is
	already zero and its ->block_tasks[] entries are all empty,
	force_quiescent_state() will skip this rcu_node structure.

	Therefore, grace periods are now hung.

This patch abstracts some code out of rcu_read_unlock_special(),
calling the result task_quiet() by analogy with cpu_quiet(), and
invokes task_quiet() from both rcu_read_lock_special() and
__rcu_offline_cpu().  Invoking task_quiet() from
__rcu_offline_cpu() reports the quiescent state up the rcu_node
hierarchy, fixing the bug.  This ends up requiring a separate
lock_class_key per level of the rcu_node hierarchy, which this
patch also provides.

Signed-off-by: Paul E. McKenney <paulmck@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: laijs@cn.fujitsu.com
Cc: dipankar@in.ibm.com
Cc: mathieu.desnoyers@polymtl.ca
Cc: josh@joshtriplett.org
Cc: dvhltc@us.ibm.com
Cc: niv@us.ibm.com
Cc: peterz@infradead.org
Cc: rostedt@goodmis.org
Cc: Valdis.Kletnieks@vt.edu
Cc: dhowells@redhat.com
LKML-Reference: <12589088301770-git-send-email->
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
This commit is contained in:
Paul E. McKenney 2009-11-22 08:53:48 -08:00 committed by Ingo Molnar
parent 2f51f9884f
commit b668c9cf3e
3 changed files with 85 additions and 43 deletions
Show Stats Download Patch File Download Diff File Expand all files Collapse all files

40
kernel/rcutree.c
View File

@ -51,7 +51,7 @@
/* Data structures. */
static struct lock_class_key rcu_root_class;
static struct lock_class_key rcu_node_class[NUM_RCU_LVLS];
#define RCU_STATE_INITIALIZER(name) { \
.level = { &name.node[0] }, \
@ -936,6 +936,7 @@ static void __rcu_offline_cpu(int cpu, struct rcu_state *rsp)
{
unsigned long flags;
unsigned long mask;
int need_quiet = 0;
struct rcu_data *rdp = rsp->rda[cpu];
struct rcu_node *rnp;
@ -949,29 +950,30 @@ static void __rcu_offline_cpu(int cpu, struct rcu_state *rsp)
spin_lock(&rnp->lock); /* irqs already disabled. */
rnp->qsmaskinit &= ~mask;
if (rnp->qsmaskinit != 0) {
spin_unlock(&rnp->lock); /* irqs remain disabled. */
if (rnp != rdp->mynode)
spin_unlock(&rnp->lock); /* irqs remain disabled. */
break;
}
/*
* If there was a task blocking the current grace period,
* and if all CPUs have checked in, we need to propagate
* the quiescent state up the rcu_node hierarchy. But that
* is inconvenient at the moment due to deadlock issues if
* this should end the current grace period. So set the
* offlined CPU's bit in ->qsmask in order to force the
* next force_quiescent_state() invocation to clean up this
* mess in a deadlock-free manner.
*/
if (rcu_preempt_offline_tasks(rsp, rnp, rdp) && !rnp->qsmask)
rnp->qsmask |= mask;
if (rnp == rdp->mynode)
need_quiet = rcu_preempt_offline_tasks(rsp, rnp, rdp);
else
spin_unlock(&rnp->lock); /* irqs remain disabled. */
mask = rnp->grpmask;
spin_unlock(&rnp->lock); /* irqs remain disabled. */
rnp = rnp->parent;
} while (rnp != NULL);
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rsp->onofflock, flags);
/*
* We still hold the leaf rcu_node structure lock here, and
* irqs are still disabled. The reason for this subterfuge is
* because invoking task_quiet() with ->onofflock held leads
* to deadlock.
*/
spin_unlock(&rsp->onofflock); /* irqs remain disabled. */
rnp = rdp->mynode;
if (need_quiet)
task_quiet(rnp, flags);
else
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rnp->lock, flags);
rcu_adopt_orphan_cbs(rsp);
}
@ -1731,6 +1733,7 @@ static void __init rcu_init_one(struct rcu_state *rsp)
rnp = rsp->level[i];
for (j = 0; j < rsp->levelcnt[i]; j++, rnp++) {
spin_lock_init(&rnp->lock);
lockdep_set_class(&rnp->lock, &rcu_node_class[i]);
rnp->gpnum = 0;
rnp->qsmask = 0;
rnp->qsmaskinit = 0;
@ -1753,7 +1756,6 @@ static void __init rcu_init_one(struct rcu_state *rsp)
INIT_LIST_HEAD(&rnp->blocked_tasks[1]);
}
}
lockdep_set_class(&rcu_get_root(rsp)->lock, &rcu_root_class);
}
/*

3
kernel/rcutree.h
View File

@ -305,6 +305,9 @@ static void rcu_bootup_announce(void);
long rcu_batches_completed(void);
static void rcu_preempt_note_context_switch(int cpu);
static int rcu_preempted_readers(struct rcu_node *rnp);
#ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
static void task_quiet(struct rcu_node *rnp, unsigned long flags);
#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU */
#ifdef CONFIG_RCU_CPU_STALL_DETECTOR
static void rcu_print_task_stall(struct rcu_node *rnp);
#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_RCU_CPU_STALL_DETECTOR */

85
kernel/rcutree_plugin.h
View File

@ -160,11 +160,51 @@ static int rcu_preempted_readers(struct rcu_node *rnp)
return !list_empty(&rnp->blocked_tasks[rnp->gpnum & 0x1]);
}
/*
* Record a quiescent state for all tasks that were previously queued
* on the specified rcu_node structure and that were blocking the current
* RCU grace period. The caller must hold the specified rnp->lock with
* irqs disabled, and this lock is released upon return, but irqs remain
* disabled.
*/
static void task_quiet(struct rcu_node *rnp, unsigned long flags)
__releases(rnp->lock)
{
unsigned long mask;
struct rcu_node *rnp_p;
if (rnp->qsmask != 0 || rcu_preempted_readers(rnp)) {
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rnp->lock, flags);
return; /* Still need more quiescent states! */
}
rnp_p = rnp->parent;
if (rnp_p == NULL) {
/*
* Either there is only one rcu_node in the tree,
* or tasks were kicked up to root rcu_node due to
* CPUs going offline.
*/
cpu_quiet_msk_finish(&rcu_preempt_state, flags);
return;
}
/* Report up the rest of the hierarchy. */
mask = rnp->grpmask;
spin_unlock(&rnp->lock); /* irqs remain disabled. */
spin_lock(&rnp_p->lock); /* irqs already disabled. */
cpu_quiet_msk(mask, &rcu_preempt_state, rnp_p, flags);
}
/*
* Handle special cases during rcu_read_unlock(), such as needing to
* notify RCU core processing or task having blocked during the RCU
* read-side critical section.
*/
static void rcu_read_unlock_special(struct task_struct *t)
{
int empty;
unsigned long flags;
unsigned long mask;
struct rcu_node *rnp;
int special;
@ -213,30 +253,15 @@ static void rcu_read_unlock_special(struct task_struct *t)
/*
* If this was the last task on the current list, and if
* we aren't waiting on any CPUs, report the quiescent state.
* Note that both cpu_quiet_msk_finish() and cpu_quiet_msk()
* drop rnp->lock and restore irq.
* Note that task_quiet() releases rnp->lock.
*/
if (!empty && rnp->qsmask == 0 &&
!rcu_preempted_readers(rnp)) {
struct rcu_node *rnp_p;
if (rnp->parent == NULL) {
/* Only one rcu_node in the tree. */
cpu_quiet_msk_finish(&rcu_preempt_state, flags);
return;
}
/* Report up the rest of the hierarchy. */
mask = rnp->grpmask;
if (empty)
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rnp->lock, flags);
rnp_p = rnp->parent;
spin_lock_irqsave(&rnp_p->lock, flags);
WARN_ON_ONCE(rnp->qsmask);
cpu_quiet_msk(mask, &rcu_preempt_state, rnp_p, flags);
return;
}
spin_unlock(&rnp->lock);
else
task_quiet(rnp, flags);
} else {
local_irq_restore(flags);
}
local_irq_restore(flags);
}
/*
@ -303,6 +328,8 @@ static void rcu_preempt_check_blocked_tasks(struct rcu_node *rnp)
* rcu_node. The reason for not just moving them to the immediate
* parent is to remove the need for rcu_read_unlock_special() to
* make more than two attempts to acquire the target rcu_node's lock.
* Returns true if there were tasks blocking the current RCU grace
* period.
*
* Returns 1 if there was previously a task blocking the current grace
* period on the specified rcu_node structure.
@ -316,7 +343,7 @@ static int rcu_preempt_offline_tasks(struct rcu_state *rsp,
int i;
struct list_head *lp;
struct list_head *lp_root;
int retval = rcu_preempted_readers(rnp);
int retval;
struct rcu_node *rnp_root = rcu_get_root(rsp);
struct task_struct *tp;
@ -334,6 +361,7 @@ static int rcu_preempt_offline_tasks(struct rcu_state *rsp,
* rcu_nodes in terms of gp_num value. This fact allows us to
* move the blocked_tasks[] array directly, element by element.
*/
retval = rcu_preempted_readers(rnp);
for (i = 0; i < 2; i++) {
lp = &rnp->blocked_tasks[i];
lp_root = &rnp_root->blocked_tasks[i];
@ -346,7 +374,6 @@ static int rcu_preempt_offline_tasks(struct rcu_state *rsp,
spin_unlock(&rnp_root->lock); /* irqs remain disabled */
}
}
return retval;
}
@ -512,6 +539,16 @@ static int rcu_preempted_readers(struct rcu_node *rnp)
return 0;
}
#ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU
/* Because preemptible RCU does not exist, no quieting of tasks. */
static void task_quiet(struct rcu_node *rnp, unsigned long flags)
{
spin_unlock_irqrestore(&rnp->lock, flags);
}
#endif /* #ifdef CONFIG_HOTPLUG_CPU */
#ifdef CONFIG_RCU_CPU_STALL_DETECTOR
/*