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OpenCloudOS-Kernel/kernel/bpf/tcx.c

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bpf: Add fd-based tcx multi-prog infra with link support This work refactors and adds a lightweight extension ("tcx") to the tc BPF ingress and egress data path side for allowing BPF program management based on fds via bpf() syscall through the newly added generic multi-prog API. The main goal behind this work which we also presented at LPC [0] last year and a recent update at LSF/MM/BPF this year [3] is to support long-awaited BPF link functionality for tc BPF programs, which allows for a model of safe ownership and program detachment. Given the rise in tc BPF users in cloud native environments, this becomes necessary to avoid hard to debug incidents either through stale leftover programs or 3rd party applications accidentally stepping on each others toes. As a recap, a BPF link represents the attachment of a BPF program to a BPF hook point. The BPF link holds a single reference to keep BPF program alive. Moreover, hook points do not reference a BPF link, only the application's fd or pinning does. A BPF link holds meta-data specific to attachment and implements operations for link creation, (atomic) BPF program update, detachment and introspection. The motivation for BPF links for tc BPF programs is multi-fold, for example: - From Meta: "It's especially important for applications that are deployed fleet-wide and that don't "control" hosts they are deployed to. If such application crashes and no one notices and does anything about that, BPF program will keep running draining resources or even just, say, dropping packets. We at FB had outages due to such permanent BPF attachment semantics. With fd-based BPF link we are getting a framework, which allows safe, auto-detachable behavior by default, unless application explicitly opts in by pinning the BPF link." [1] - From Cilium-side the tc BPF programs we attach to host-facing veth devices and phys devices build the core datapath for Kubernetes Pods, and they implement forwarding, load-balancing, policy, EDT-management, etc, within BPF. Currently there is no concept of 'safe' ownership, e.g. we've recently experienced hard-to-debug issues in a user's staging environment where another Kubernetes application using tc BPF attached to the same prio/handle of cls_bpf, accidentally wiping all Cilium-based BPF programs from underneath it. The goal is to establish a clear/safe ownership model via links which cannot accidentally be overridden. [0,2] BPF links for tc can co-exist with non-link attachments, and the semantics are in line also with XDP links: BPF links cannot replace other BPF links, BPF links cannot replace non-BPF links, non-BPF links cannot replace BPF links and lastly only non-BPF links can replace non-BPF links. In case of Cilium, this would solve mentioned issue of safe ownership model as 3rd party applications would not be able to accidentally wipe Cilium programs, even if they are not BPF link aware. Earlier attempts [4] have tried to integrate BPF links into core tc machinery to solve cls_bpf, which has been intrusive to the generic tc kernel API with extensions only specific to cls_bpf and suboptimal/complex since cls_bpf could be wiped from the qdisc also. Locking a tc BPF program in place this way, is getting into layering hacks given the two object models are vastly different. We instead implemented the tcx (tc 'express') layer which is an fd-based tc BPF attach API, so that the BPF link implementation blends in naturally similar to other link types which are fd-based and without the need for changing core tc internal APIs. BPF programs for tc can then be successively migrated from classic cls_bpf to the new tc BPF link without needing to change the program's source code, just the BPF loader mechanics for attaching is sufficient. For the current tc framework, there is no change in behavior with this change and neither does this change touch on tc core kernel APIs. The gist of this patch is that the ingress and egress hook have a lightweight, qdisc-less extension for BPF to attach its tc BPF programs, in other words, a minimal entry point for tc BPF. The name tcx has been suggested from discussion of earlier revisions of this work as a good fit, and to more easily differ between the classic cls_bpf attachment and the fd-based one. For the ingress and egress tcx points, the device holds a cache-friendly array with program pointers which is separated from control plane (slow-path) data. Earlier versions of this work used priority to determine ordering and expression of dependencies similar as with classic tc, but it was challenged that for something more future-proof a better user experience is required. Hence this resulted in the design and development of the generic attach/detach/query API for multi-progs. See prior patch with its discussion on the API design. tcx is the first user and later we plan to integrate also others, for example, one candidate is multi-prog support for XDP which would benefit and have the same 'look and feel' from API perspective. The goal with tcx is to have maximum compatibility to existing tc BPF programs, so they don't need to be rewritten specifically. Compatibility to call into classic tcf_classify() is also provided in order to allow successive migration or both to cleanly co-exist where needed given its all one logical tc layer and the tcx plus classic tc cls/act build one logical overall processing pipeline. tcx supports the simplified return codes TCX_NEXT which is non-terminating (go to next program) and terminating ones with TCX_PASS, TCX_DROP, TCX_REDIRECT. The fd-based API is behind a static key, so that when unused the code is also not entered. The struct tcx_entry's program array is currently static, but could be made dynamic if necessary at a point in future. The a/b pair swap design has been chosen so that for detachment there are no allocations which otherwise could fail. The work has been tested with tc-testing selftest suite which all passes, as well as the tc BPF tests from the BPF CI, and also with Cilium's L4LB. Thanks also to Nikolay Aleksandrov and Martin Lau for in-depth early reviews of this work. [0] https://lpc.events/event/16/contributions/1353/ [1] https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/CAEf4BzbokCJN33Nw_kg82sO=xppXnKWEncGTWCTB9vGCmLB6pw@mail.gmail.com [2] https://colocatedeventseu2023.sched.com/event/1Jo6O/tales-from-an-ebpf-programs-murder-mystery-hemanth-malla-guillaume-fournier-datadog [3] http://vger.kernel.org/bpfconf2023_material/tcx_meta_netdev_borkmann.pdf [4] https://lore.kernel.org/bpf/20210604063116.234316-1-memxor@gmail.com Signed-off-by: Daniel Borkmann <daniel@iogearbox.net> Acked-by: Jakub Kicinski <kuba@kernel.org> Link: https://lore.kernel.org/r/20230719140858.13224-3-daniel@iogearbox.net Signed-off-by: Alexei Starovoitov <ast@kernel.org>
2023-07-19 22:08:52 +08:00
// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
/* Copyright (c) 2023 Isovalent */
#include <linux/bpf.h>
#include <linux/bpf_mprog.h>
#include <linux/netdevice.h>
#include <net/tcx.h>
int tcx_prog_attach(const union bpf_attr *attr, struct bpf_prog *prog)
{
bool created, ingress = attr->attach_type == BPF_TCX_INGRESS;
struct net *net = current->nsproxy->net_ns;
struct bpf_mprog_entry *entry, *entry_new;
struct bpf_prog *replace_prog = NULL;
struct net_device *dev;
int ret;
rtnl_lock();
dev = __dev_get_by_index(net, attr->target_ifindex);
if (!dev) {
ret = -ENODEV;
goto out;
}
if (attr->attach_flags & BPF_F_REPLACE) {
replace_prog = bpf_prog_get_type(attr->replace_bpf_fd,
prog->type);
if (IS_ERR(replace_prog)) {
ret = PTR_ERR(replace_prog);
replace_prog = NULL;
goto out;
}
}
entry = tcx_entry_fetch_or_create(dev, ingress, &created);
if (!entry) {
ret = -ENOMEM;
goto out;
}
ret = bpf_mprog_attach(entry, &entry_new, prog, NULL, replace_prog,
attr->attach_flags, attr->relative_fd,
attr->expected_revision);
if (!ret) {
if (entry != entry_new) {
tcx_entry_update(dev, entry_new, ingress);
tcx_entry_sync();
tcx_skeys_inc(ingress);
}
bpf_mprog_commit(entry);
} else if (created) {
tcx_entry_free(entry);
}
out:
if (replace_prog)
bpf_prog_put(replace_prog);
rtnl_unlock();
return ret;
}
int tcx_prog_detach(const union bpf_attr *attr, struct bpf_prog *prog)
{
bool ingress = attr->attach_type == BPF_TCX_INGRESS;
struct net *net = current->nsproxy->net_ns;
struct bpf_mprog_entry *entry, *entry_new;
struct net_device *dev;
int ret;
rtnl_lock();
dev = __dev_get_by_index(net, attr->target_ifindex);
if (!dev) {
ret = -ENODEV;
goto out;
}
entry = tcx_entry_fetch(dev, ingress);
if (!entry) {
ret = -ENOENT;
goto out;
}
ret = bpf_mprog_detach(entry, &entry_new, prog, NULL, attr->attach_flags,
attr->relative_fd, attr->expected_revision);
if (!ret) {
if (!tcx_entry_is_active(entry_new))
entry_new = NULL;
tcx_entry_update(dev, entry_new, ingress);
tcx_entry_sync();
tcx_skeys_dec(ingress);
bpf_mprog_commit(entry);
if (!entry_new)
tcx_entry_free(entry);
}
out:
rtnl_unlock();
return ret;
}
void tcx_uninstall(struct net_device *dev, bool ingress)
{
struct bpf_tuple tuple = {};
struct bpf_mprog_entry *entry;
struct bpf_mprog_fp *fp;
struct bpf_mprog_cp *cp;
entry = tcx_entry_fetch(dev, ingress);
if (!entry)
return;
tcx_entry_update(dev, NULL, ingress);
tcx_entry_sync();
bpf_mprog_foreach_tuple(entry, fp, cp, tuple) {
if (tuple.link)
tcx_link(tuple.link)->dev = NULL;
else
bpf_prog_put(tuple.prog);
tcx_skeys_dec(ingress);
}
WARN_ON_ONCE(tcx_entry(entry)->miniq_active);
tcx_entry_free(entry);
}
int tcx_prog_query(const union bpf_attr *attr, union bpf_attr __user *uattr)
{
bool ingress = attr->query.attach_type == BPF_TCX_INGRESS;
struct net *net = current->nsproxy->net_ns;
struct bpf_mprog_entry *entry;
struct net_device *dev;
int ret;
rtnl_lock();
dev = __dev_get_by_index(net, attr->query.target_ifindex);
if (!dev) {
ret = -ENODEV;
goto out;
}
entry = tcx_entry_fetch(dev, ingress);
if (!entry) {
ret = -ENOENT;
goto out;
}
ret = bpf_mprog_query(attr, uattr, entry);
out:
rtnl_unlock();
return ret;
}
static int tcx_link_prog_attach(struct bpf_link *link, u32 flags, u32 id_or_fd,
u64 revision)
{
struct tcx_link *tcx = tcx_link(link);
bool created, ingress = tcx->location == BPF_TCX_INGRESS;
struct bpf_mprog_entry *entry, *entry_new;
struct net_device *dev = tcx->dev;
int ret;
ASSERT_RTNL();
entry = tcx_entry_fetch_or_create(dev, ingress, &created);
if (!entry)
return -ENOMEM;
ret = bpf_mprog_attach(entry, &entry_new, link->prog, link, NULL, flags,
id_or_fd, revision);
if (!ret) {
if (entry != entry_new) {
tcx_entry_update(dev, entry_new, ingress);
tcx_entry_sync();
tcx_skeys_inc(ingress);
}
bpf_mprog_commit(entry);
} else if (created) {
tcx_entry_free(entry);
}
return ret;
}
static void tcx_link_release(struct bpf_link *link)
{
struct tcx_link *tcx = tcx_link(link);
bool ingress = tcx->location == BPF_TCX_INGRESS;
struct bpf_mprog_entry *entry, *entry_new;
struct net_device *dev;
int ret = 0;
rtnl_lock();
dev = tcx->dev;
if (!dev)
goto out;
entry = tcx_entry_fetch(dev, ingress);
if (!entry) {
ret = -ENOENT;
goto out;
}
ret = bpf_mprog_detach(entry, &entry_new, link->prog, link, 0, 0, 0);
if (!ret) {
if (!tcx_entry_is_active(entry_new))
entry_new = NULL;
tcx_entry_update(dev, entry_new, ingress);
tcx_entry_sync();
tcx_skeys_dec(ingress);
bpf_mprog_commit(entry);
if (!entry_new)
tcx_entry_free(entry);
tcx->dev = NULL;
}
out:
WARN_ON_ONCE(ret);
rtnl_unlock();
}
static int tcx_link_update(struct bpf_link *link, struct bpf_prog *nprog,
struct bpf_prog *oprog)
{
struct tcx_link *tcx = tcx_link(link);
bool ingress = tcx->location == BPF_TCX_INGRESS;
struct bpf_mprog_entry *entry, *entry_new;
struct net_device *dev;
int ret = 0;
rtnl_lock();
dev = tcx->dev;
if (!dev) {
ret = -ENOLINK;
goto out;
}
if (oprog && link->prog != oprog) {
ret = -EPERM;
goto out;
}
oprog = link->prog;
if (oprog == nprog) {
bpf_prog_put(nprog);
goto out;
}
entry = tcx_entry_fetch(dev, ingress);
if (!entry) {
ret = -ENOENT;
goto out;
}
ret = bpf_mprog_attach(entry, &entry_new, nprog, link, oprog,
BPF_F_REPLACE | BPF_F_ID,
link->prog->aux->id, 0);
if (!ret) {
WARN_ON_ONCE(entry != entry_new);
oprog = xchg(&link->prog, nprog);
bpf_prog_put(oprog);
bpf_mprog_commit(entry);
}
out:
rtnl_unlock();
return ret;
}
static void tcx_link_dealloc(struct bpf_link *link)
{
kfree(tcx_link(link));
}
static void tcx_link_fdinfo(const struct bpf_link *link, struct seq_file *seq)
{
const struct tcx_link *tcx = tcx_link_const(link);
u32 ifindex = 0;
rtnl_lock();
if (tcx->dev)
ifindex = tcx->dev->ifindex;
rtnl_unlock();
seq_printf(seq, "ifindex:\t%u\n", ifindex);
seq_printf(seq, "attach_type:\t%u (%s)\n",
tcx->location,
tcx->location == BPF_TCX_INGRESS ? "ingress" : "egress");
}
static int tcx_link_fill_info(const struct bpf_link *link,
struct bpf_link_info *info)
{
const struct tcx_link *tcx = tcx_link_const(link);
u32 ifindex = 0;
rtnl_lock();
if (tcx->dev)
ifindex = tcx->dev->ifindex;
rtnl_unlock();
info->tcx.ifindex = ifindex;
info->tcx.attach_type = tcx->location;
return 0;
}
static int tcx_link_detach(struct bpf_link *link)
{
tcx_link_release(link);
return 0;
}
static const struct bpf_link_ops tcx_link_lops = {
.release = tcx_link_release,
.detach = tcx_link_detach,
.dealloc = tcx_link_dealloc,
.update_prog = tcx_link_update,
.show_fdinfo = tcx_link_fdinfo,
.fill_link_info = tcx_link_fill_info,
};
static int tcx_link_init(struct tcx_link *tcx,
struct bpf_link_primer *link_primer,
const union bpf_attr *attr,
struct net_device *dev,
struct bpf_prog *prog)
{
bpf_link_init(&tcx->link, BPF_LINK_TYPE_TCX, &tcx_link_lops, prog);
tcx->location = attr->link_create.attach_type;
tcx->dev = dev;
return bpf_link_prime(&tcx->link, link_primer);
}
int tcx_link_attach(const union bpf_attr *attr, struct bpf_prog *prog)
{
struct net *net = current->nsproxy->net_ns;
struct bpf_link_primer link_primer;
struct net_device *dev;
struct tcx_link *tcx;
int ret;
rtnl_lock();
dev = __dev_get_by_index(net, attr->link_create.target_ifindex);
if (!dev) {
ret = -ENODEV;
goto out;
}
tcx = kzalloc(sizeof(*tcx), GFP_USER);
if (!tcx) {
ret = -ENOMEM;
goto out;
}
ret = tcx_link_init(tcx, &link_primer, attr, dev, prog);
if (ret) {
kfree(tcx);
goto out;
}
ret = tcx_link_prog_attach(&tcx->link, attr->link_create.flags,
attr->link_create.tcx.relative_fd,
attr->link_create.tcx.expected_revision);
if (ret) {
tcx->dev = NULL;
bpf_link_cleanup(&link_primer);
goto out;
}
ret = bpf_link_settle(&link_primer);
out:
rtnl_unlock();
return ret;
}