License cleanup: add SPDX GPL-2.0 license identifier to files with no license
Many source files in the tree are missing licensing information, which
makes it harder for compliance tools to determine the correct license.
By default all files without license information are under the default
license of the kernel, which is GPL version 2.
Update the files which contain no license information with the 'GPL-2.0'
SPDX license identifier. The SPDX identifier is a legally binding
shorthand, which can be used instead of the full boiler plate text.
This patch is based on work done by Thomas Gleixner and Kate Stewart and
Philippe Ombredanne.
How this work was done:
Patches were generated and checked against linux-4.14-rc6 for a subset of
the use cases:
- file had no licensing information it it.
- file was a */uapi/* one with no licensing information in it,
- file was a */uapi/* one with existing licensing information,
Further patches will be generated in subsequent months to fix up cases
where non-standard license headers were used, and references to license
had to be inferred by heuristics based on keywords.
The analysis to determine which SPDX License Identifier to be applied to
a file was done in a spreadsheet of side by side results from of the
output of two independent scanners (ScanCode & Windriver) producing SPDX
tag:value files created by Philippe Ombredanne. Philippe prepared the
base worksheet, and did an initial spot review of a few 1000 files.
The 4.13 kernel was the starting point of the analysis with 60,537 files
assessed. Kate Stewart did a file by file comparison of the scanner
results in the spreadsheet to determine which SPDX license identifier(s)
to be applied to the file. She confirmed any determination that was not
immediately clear with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Criteria used to select files for SPDX license identifier tagging was:
- Files considered eligible had to be source code files.
- Make and config files were included as candidates if they contained >5
lines of source
- File already had some variant of a license header in it (even if <5
lines).
All documentation files were explicitly excluded.
The following heuristics were used to determine which SPDX license
identifiers to apply.
- when both scanners couldn't find any license traces, file was
considered to have no license information in it, and the top level
COPYING file license applied.
For non */uapi/* files that summary was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 11139
and resulted in the first patch in this series.
If that file was a */uapi/* path one, it was "GPL-2.0 WITH
Linux-syscall-note" otherwise it was "GPL-2.0". Results of that was:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|-------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 930
and resulted in the second patch in this series.
- if a file had some form of licensing information in it, and was one
of the */uapi/* ones, it was denoted with the Linux-syscall-note if
any GPL family license was found in the file or had no licensing in
it (per prior point). Results summary:
SPDX license identifier # files
---------------------------------------------------|------
GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note 270
GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 169
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-2-Clause) 21
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 17
LGPL-2.1+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 15
GPL-1.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 14
((GPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR BSD-3-Clause) 5
LGPL-2.0+ WITH Linux-syscall-note 4
LGPL-2.1 WITH Linux-syscall-note 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) OR MIT) 3
((GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note) AND MIT) 1
and that resulted in the third patch in this series.
- when the two scanners agreed on the detected license(s), that became
the concluded license(s).
- when there was disagreement between the two scanners (one detected a
license but the other didn't, or they both detected different
licenses) a manual inspection of the file occurred.
- In most cases a manual inspection of the information in the file
resulted in a clear resolution of the license that should apply (and
which scanner probably needed to revisit its heuristics).
- When it was not immediately clear, the license identifier was
confirmed with lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
- If there was any question as to the appropriate license identifier,
the file was flagged for further research and to be revisited later
in time.
In total, over 70 hours of logged manual review was done on the
spreadsheet to determine the SPDX license identifiers to apply to the
source files by Kate, Philippe, Thomas and, in some cases, confirmation
by lawyers working with the Linux Foundation.
Kate also obtained a third independent scan of the 4.13 code base from
FOSSology, and compared selected files where the other two scanners
disagreed against that SPDX file, to see if there was new insights. The
Windriver scanner is based on an older version of FOSSology in part, so
they are related.
Thomas did random spot checks in about 500 files from the spreadsheets
for the uapi headers and agreed with SPDX license identifier in the
files he inspected. For the non-uapi files Thomas did random spot checks
in about 15000 files.
In initial set of patches against 4.14-rc6, 3 files were found to have
copy/paste license identifier errors, and have been fixed to reflect the
correct identifier.
Additionally Philippe spent 10 hours this week doing a detailed manual
inspection and review of the 12,461 patched files from the initial patch
version early this week with:
- a full scancode scan run, collecting the matched texts, detected
license ids and scores
- reviewing anything where there was a license detected (about 500+
files) to ensure that the applied SPDX license was correct
- reviewing anything where there was no detection but the patch license
was not GPL-2.0 WITH Linux-syscall-note to ensure that the applied
SPDX license was correct
This produced a worksheet with 20 files needing minor correction. This
worksheet was then exported into 3 different .csv files for the
different types of files to be modified.
These .csv files were then reviewed by Greg. Thomas wrote a script to
parse the csv files and add the proper SPDX tag to the file, in the
format that the file expected. This script was further refined by Greg
based on the output to detect more types of files automatically and to
distinguish between header and source .c files (which need different
comment types.) Finally Greg ran the script using the .csv files to
generate the patches.
Reviewed-by: Kate Stewart <kstewart@linuxfoundation.org>
Reviewed-by: Philippe Ombredanne <pombredanne@nexb.com>
Reviewed-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@linuxfoundation.org>
2017-11-01 22:07:57 +08:00
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// SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0
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2005-04-17 06:20:36 +08:00
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/* drivers/nubus/proc.c: Proc FS interface for NuBus.
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By David Huggins-Daines <dhd@debian.org>
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Much code and many ideas from drivers/pci/proc.c:
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Copyright (c) 1997, 1998 Martin Mares <mj@atrey.karlin.mff.cuni.cz>
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This is initially based on the Zorro and PCI interfaces. However,
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it works somewhat differently. The intent is to provide a
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structure in /proc analogous to the structure of the NuBus ROM
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resources.
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Therefore each NuBus device is in fact a directory, which may in
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turn contain subdirectories. The "files" correspond to NuBus
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resource records. For those types of records which we know how to
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convert to formats that are meaningful to userspace (mostly just
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icons) these files will provide "cooked" data. Otherwise they will
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simply provide raw access (read-only of course) to the ROM. */
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#include <linux/types.h>
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#include <linux/kernel.h>
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#include <linux/nubus.h>
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#include <linux/proc_fs.h>
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2008-04-29 16:01:54 +08:00
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#include <linux/seq_file.h>
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2005-04-17 06:20:36 +08:00
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#include <linux/init.h>
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2008-02-05 14:30:23 +08:00
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#include <linux/module.h>
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2016-12-25 03:46:01 +08:00
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#include <linux/uaccess.h>
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2005-04-17 06:20:36 +08:00
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#include <asm/byteorder.h>
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static int
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2008-04-29 16:01:54 +08:00
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nubus_devices_proc_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
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2005-04-17 06:20:36 +08:00
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{
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struct nubus_dev *dev = nubus_devices;
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2008-04-29 16:01:54 +08:00
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while (dev) {
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seq_printf(m, "%x\t%04x %04x %04x %04x",
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2005-04-17 06:20:36 +08:00
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dev->board->slot,
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dev->category,
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dev->type,
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dev->dr_sw,
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dev->dr_hw);
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2008-04-29 16:01:54 +08:00
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seq_printf(m, "\t%08lx\n", dev->board->slot_addr);
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2005-04-17 06:20:36 +08:00
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dev = dev->next;
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}
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2008-04-29 16:01:54 +08:00
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return 0;
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}
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static int nubus_devices_proc_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
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{
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return single_open(file, nubus_devices_proc_show, NULL);
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2005-04-17 06:20:36 +08:00
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}
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2008-04-29 16:01:54 +08:00
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static const struct file_operations nubus_devices_proc_fops = {
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.open = nubus_devices_proc_open,
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.read = seq_read,
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.llseek = seq_lseek,
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.release = single_release,
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};
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2005-04-17 06:20:36 +08:00
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static struct proc_dir_entry *proc_bus_nubus_dir;
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2013-04-10 22:05:38 +08:00
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static const struct file_operations nubus_proc_subdir_fops = {
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#warning Need to set some I/O handlers here
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};
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2005-04-17 06:20:36 +08:00
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static void nubus_proc_subdir(struct nubus_dev* dev,
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struct proc_dir_entry* parent,
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struct nubus_dir* dir)
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{
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struct nubus_dirent ent;
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/* Some of these are directories, others aren't */
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while (nubus_readdir(dir, &ent) != -1) {
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2018-01-14 06:37:13 +08:00
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char name[9];
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2005-04-17 06:20:36 +08:00
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struct proc_dir_entry* e;
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2018-01-14 06:37:13 +08:00
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snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%x", ent.type);
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2013-04-10 22:05:38 +08:00
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e = proc_create(name, S_IFREG | S_IRUGO | S_IWUSR, parent,
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&nubus_proc_subdir_fops);
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if (!e)
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return;
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2005-04-17 06:20:36 +08:00
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}
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}
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/* Can't do this recursively since the root directory is structured
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somewhat differently from the subdirectories */
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static void nubus_proc_populate(struct nubus_dev* dev,
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struct proc_dir_entry* parent,
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struct nubus_dir* root)
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{
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struct nubus_dirent ent;
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/* We know these are all directories (board resource + one or
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more functional resources) */
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while (nubus_readdir(root, &ent) != -1) {
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2018-01-14 06:37:13 +08:00
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char name[9];
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2005-04-17 06:20:36 +08:00
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struct proc_dir_entry* e;
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struct nubus_dir dir;
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2018-01-14 06:37:13 +08:00
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snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%x", ent.type);
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2005-04-17 06:20:36 +08:00
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e = proc_mkdir(name, parent);
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if (!e) return;
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/* And descend */
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if (nubus_get_subdir(&ent, &dir) == -1) {
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/* This shouldn't happen */
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printk(KERN_ERR "NuBus root directory node %x:%x has no subdir!\n",
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dev->board->slot, ent.type);
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continue;
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} else {
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nubus_proc_subdir(dev, e, &dir);
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}
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}
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}
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int nubus_proc_attach_device(struct nubus_dev *dev)
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{
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struct proc_dir_entry *e;
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struct nubus_dir root;
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2018-01-14 06:37:13 +08:00
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char name[9];
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2005-04-17 06:20:36 +08:00
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if (dev == NULL) {
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printk(KERN_ERR
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"NULL pointer in nubus_proc_attach_device, shoot the programmer!\n");
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return -1;
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}
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if (dev->board == NULL) {
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printk(KERN_ERR
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"NULL pointer in nubus_proc_attach_device, shoot the programmer!\n");
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printk("dev = %p, dev->board = %p\n", dev, dev->board);
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return -1;
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}
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/* Create a directory */
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2018-01-14 06:37:13 +08:00
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snprintf(name, sizeof(name), "%x", dev->board->slot);
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2005-04-17 06:20:36 +08:00
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e = dev->procdir = proc_mkdir(name, proc_bus_nubus_dir);
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if (!e)
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return -ENOMEM;
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/* Now recursively populate it with files */
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nubus_get_root_dir(dev->board, &root);
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nubus_proc_populate(dev, e, &root);
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return 0;
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}
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2008-02-05 14:30:23 +08:00
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EXPORT_SYMBOL(nubus_proc_attach_device);
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2005-04-17 06:20:36 +08:00
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2013-04-10 22:05:38 +08:00
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/*
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* /proc/nubus stuff
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*/
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static int nubus_proc_show(struct seq_file *m, void *v)
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{
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const struct nubus_board *board = v;
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/* Display header on line 1 */
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if (v == SEQ_START_TOKEN)
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seq_puts(m, "Nubus devices found:\n");
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else
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seq_printf(m, "Slot %X: %s\n", board->slot, board->name);
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return 0;
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}
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static void *nubus_proc_start(struct seq_file *m, loff_t *_pos)
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{
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struct nubus_board *board;
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unsigned pos;
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if (*_pos > LONG_MAX)
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return NULL;
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pos = *_pos;
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if (pos == 0)
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return SEQ_START_TOKEN;
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for (board = nubus_boards; board; board = board->next)
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if (--pos == 0)
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break;
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return board;
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}
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static void *nubus_proc_next(struct seq_file *p, void *v, loff_t *_pos)
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{
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/* Walk the list of NuBus boards */
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struct nubus_board *board = v;
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++*_pos;
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if (v == SEQ_START_TOKEN)
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board = nubus_boards;
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else if (board)
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board = board->next;
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return board;
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}
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static void nubus_proc_stop(struct seq_file *p, void *v)
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{
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}
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static const struct seq_operations nubus_proc_seqops = {
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.start = nubus_proc_start,
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.next = nubus_proc_next,
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.stop = nubus_proc_stop,
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.show = nubus_proc_show,
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};
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static int nubus_proc_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file)
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{
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return seq_open(file, &nubus_proc_seqops);
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}
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static const struct file_operations nubus_proc_fops = {
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.open = nubus_proc_open,
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.read = seq_read,
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.llseek = seq_lseek,
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.release = seq_release,
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};
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2005-04-17 06:20:36 +08:00
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void __init proc_bus_nubus_add_devices(void)
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{
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struct nubus_dev *dev;
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for(dev = nubus_devices; dev; dev = dev->next)
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nubus_proc_attach_device(dev);
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}
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void __init nubus_proc_init(void)
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{
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2013-04-10 22:05:38 +08:00
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proc_create("nubus", 0, NULL, &nubus_proc_fops);
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2005-04-17 06:20:36 +08:00
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if (!MACH_IS_MAC)
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return;
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2008-04-29 16:01:41 +08:00
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proc_bus_nubus_dir = proc_mkdir("bus/nubus", NULL);
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2008-04-29 16:01:54 +08:00
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proc_create("devices", 0, proc_bus_nubus_dir, &nubus_devices_proc_fops);
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2005-04-17 06:20:36 +08:00
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proc_bus_nubus_add_devices();
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}
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